1. The diet should be light: eat more fresh vegetables, such as green vegetables, celery, spinach, cucumbers and tomatoes. Eat more fruits, such as apples, pears, bananas, grapes and oranges.

2. Food should be rich in high-quality protein: protein is one of the most important nutrients to maintain human life activities. Once the patients with hepatitis B get better, they should gradually increase the intake of protein, and choose high-quality protein and foods with high nutritional value, so as to facilitate the regeneration and repair of liver cells. This kind of food includes milk, eggs, fish, lean meat and bean products. Generally speaking, it is appropriate for adults to consume protein 1- 1.5g/kg body weight every day.

3. Supplement trace elements: Patients with hepatitis B often lack trace elements such as zinc, manganese and selenium, and some patients also lack minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Therefore, it is advisable to supplement foods containing trace elements and minerals, such as seaweed, oysters, mushrooms, sesame, jujube, medlar and so on.

What foods should patients with liver disease not eat?

What hepatitis patients should not eat more is canned food, fried and fried food, instant noodles and sausages. Preservatives and food pigments in canned food will increase the burden of liver metabolism and detoxification. Frying and frying are high-fat foods, which are not easy to digest and absorb, and easily lead to poor fat absorption. Repeatedly fried cooking oil will contain carcinogens, which is not conducive to preventing hepatitis from developing into liver cancer.

MSG is a condiment. Patients with liver disease may have short-term headache, palpitation, nausea and other symptoms if they take a large amount at a time or often take too much.

All kinds of sweets should not be eaten too much. Sugar is easy to ferment, aggravate flatulence, easily convert into fat, accelerate the storage of fat in the liver and promote the occurrence of fatty liver.

Eat less sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds contain unsaturated fatty acids. Eating too much will consume a lot of choline in the body, making it easier for fat to accumulate in the liver and affecting the function of liver cells.

Preserved eggs contain a certain amount of lead, which can replace calcium in human body. Regular consumption of preserved eggs can lead to calcium deficiency and osteoporosis.

The high salt content in various pickled foods may affect the metabolism of water and sodium for patients with liver disease, but it should be avoided for patients with liver cirrhosis.

What problems should hepatitis B patients pay attention to when drinking tea?

Tea contains caffeine, theophylline, tannic acid, tannic acid, protein, vitamins and trace elements, and has the functions of clearing away heat and reducing fire, promoting digestion and promoting diuresis. Drinking tea for patients with hepatitis B is beneficial to their physical and mental health, but attention should be paid to timely and appropriate amount, and tea drinking should be suspended before meals 1 hour to avoid diluting gastric acid. Don't drink tea before going to bed and on an empty stomach; Tea should not be too strong; The total amount of tea in a day should not exceed1000-1500ml; Children should not drink tea; Drinking tea should be avoided during taking supplements and tonics, and tea should not be used instead of medicine.

What should hepatitis B patients pay attention to when eating fruit?

Eating some fruits every day is good for the health of patients with hepatitis B, but we should pay attention to the following problems:

1. Appropriate amount: Eating too much will increase the burden on the stomach and intestines, affect digestion and absorption, and even induce diseases.

2. Be fresh: Fresh fruit contains a lot of vitamin C, which can increase nutrition and protect the liver. Rotting fruit will produce harmful substances and increase the burden on the liver.

3. Choice: Generally, patients with hepatitis B can choose apples, oranges, grapes, pears and coconuts. People with diarrhea due to deficiency of spleen and stomach should eat longan, litchi, hawthorn and jujube, but not persimmon, banana, sugarcane, grapefruit and mulberry. People with ascites due to liver cirrhosis who need diuresis should eat oranges, plums, plums, coconuts and so on. People with liver qi stagnation should eat kumquat and orange cake.

4. Washing: Because there are often residual pesticides and catalysts on the fruit skin, it must be washed before eating; It is best to peel the fruit and boil it in water in winter.

How do hepatitis B patients drink milk?

Milk has a high nutritional value. Fresh milk is rich in protein, calcium, magnesium and vitamins B 1, B2 and C. Nutrition experts suggest that patients with liver diseases drink 2 cups of milk every day, which can supplement the daily needs of110 protein and vitamin B2? 1/8 vitamin a. Patients with hepatitis B should pay attention to drinking milk:

1. People with acute and chronic hepatitis B nausea, vomiting, aversion to oil and abdominal distension should not drink milk. It is better to drink during the remission and rehabilitation of digestive tract symptoms. People with liver cirrhosis and hepatic coma or tendency to hepatic coma should not drink milk, otherwise it will induce hepatic coma.

2. It is not advisable to drink in large quantities or in large mouthfuls: milk contains 5% lactose. When lactase in the body is insufficient, drinking milk too much and too fast, lactose can not be digested and absorbed, which is easy to cause bloating and diarrhea. Therefore, when drinking milk, you should take a sip first, and then swallow it after saliva and milk are mixed evenly. Not suitable for drinking with sugar: because the decomposition products of sucrose in gastrointestinal tract will neutralize the calcium in milk, which is not conducive to the absorption of calcium, but will promote bacterial fermentation and gas production, leading to abdominal distension.

3. It is not advisable to drink milk on an empty stomach: if you drink milk on an empty stomach, protein in milk can only replace carbohydrates and be converted into calories to be consumed, and it cannot play the role of protein in building new tissues and repairing old ones.

4. Elderly patients with hepatitis B should not drink milk often: because lactose in milk is decomposed into galactose under the action of lactase, too much galactose can be deposited in the lens of the eye, causing cataracts.

The general principle of diet for patients with liver disease is: comprehensive nutrition, reasonable collocation and prevention of partial eclipse. Patients with liver disease should take enough vitamins, fats, carbohydrates and protein every day. Three meals a day should be reasonably matched, with meat and vegetables alternating, and try to eat less spicy food.

Avoid the bad habit of partial eclipse. Drink a glass of milk every day, eat an egg, two or three pieces of lean meat (pig, cow, sheep, chicken, fish) and a piece of tofu, and exchange and match two kinds of vegetables (lentils, spinach, rape, celery, cucumber, mushrooms, fungus, etc.). Every day, eat two kinds of fruits (apples, pears, peaches and bananas). ). Try to avoid eating spicy hot pot, seafood, frying oil, animal offal and other indigestible foods. Meanwhile, we should give up drinking and smoking. Diet should eat some acidic vegetables and fruits, such as hawthorn, apricot meat, jujube, tomatoes and so on. In addition, mushrooms, fungus and other edible fungi are rich in polysaccharides, which is very beneficial to enhance the immune function of patients with liver disease. Green food is the best choice for protecting and nourishing liver. For fresh vegetables, patients can eat raw or cook soup and exchange it every day.

Patients with liver disease should also follow the principle of personalized diet according to their own priorities. For example, patients with liver cirrhosis mainly eat soft, cool and digestible foods, such as steamed bread, noodles, noodles, egg soup, ham sausage and so on. So as to avoid eating hard and overheated food, avoid getting angry and constipation, and avoid eating fried food, hard food (such as pancakes and radishes) and barbed food (such as carp, crucian carp and grass carp), because barbed food is likely to scratch patients' varicose veins. Patients with liver cirrhosis should not eat a lot of high-protein food in a short time, so as to avoid a sharp rise in blood ammonia concentration and cause liver coma. In addition to the above matters, patients with esophageal or gastric varices should avoid eating hard, crude fiber, fried, spicy and other foods that are difficult to digest, and should not eat too fast. Keep the stool unobstructed, don't use too much force to prevent varicose veins from bleeding. Patients with advanced cirrhosis should also pay attention to controlling high-protein diet to prevent hepatic encephalopathy.

(1) Dietary diversification Due to the poor appetite and digestive ability of patients with liver cirrhosis, the diet should be as diverse, fresh and delicious as possible to stimulate appetite and improve digestion.

(2) Eating high-priced protein food In the choice of food, we should first try to eat a certain amount of high-priced protein food containing essential amino acids, such as fish, lean meat, eggs, milk, etc., to meet the needs of rehabilitation.

(3) Ensure adequate sugar and vitamins.

(4) Appropriately limit the intake of animal fat because the digestion of fat depends on the secretion of bile by the liver, and the decomposition and utilization of fat after intake is mainly carried out in the liver. Therefore, eating too much fat not only increases the burden on the liver, but also causes fat infiltration in the liver because the fat entering the liver cells can't be decomposed in time, thus aggravating liver damage. It is suggested that the daily fat supply can be controlled at 4. 0~5。 About 0g, too strict restrictions will affect appetite.

(5) Strictly abstain from alcohol.

(6) Eat certain foods carefully. Spicy food (including onion, garlic), blunt food and vegetables containing more plant cellulose should also be used with caution, because irritating food or food with too much residue can cause esophageal varices to rupture and bleed.

(7) Low-protein diet should be changed to low-protein diet in the late stage of liver cirrhosis when there is a tendency of hepatic coma. Because protein is a substance containing ammonia, it will produce ammonia when metabolized in the body, and ammonia is toxic to human body. When the liver function is seriously damaged, the deamination of the liver decreases, and the increase of blood ammonia is one of the main causes of liver coma.

(8) Patients with ascites or edema on a low-salt diet should be given a low-salt or salt-free diet. Because the main component of salt is sodium chloride, sodium can keep water in the body. Generally, it is necessary to limit the amount of drinking water while limiting salt. However, one of the main causes of ascites due to liver cirrhosis is the decline of liver function and the poor ability of liver to produce albumin, which reduces the concentration of albumin in plasma and leads to the decrease of plasma colloid osmotic pressure. So for patients with liver cirrhosis, limiting water and sodium is a negative way. Only by increasing appetite, strengthening digestion and absorption ability and increasing patients' intake and absorption of protein is the most important step of dietotherapy.

Diet therapy for patients with ascites due to liver cirrhosis.

The diet of patients with ascites due to liver cirrhosis is really a headache. First of all, the level of liver metabolism in these patients decreases, fat and protein are not well digested and utilized, and excessive intake of nutrients increases the burden on the liver, which may lead to hepatic coma; Ascites leads to massive protein loss. The patient lacks protein and can't supplement a lot, forming a pair of contradictions.

Clinically, patients' taboos are generally not emphasized, and ordinary diet can ensure daily needs. If there are signs of hepatic coma, high-protein foods are prohibited. Daily chicken soup, fish, lean meat and eggs can be eaten in moderation, and more vegetables can be used to supplement vitamins. In addition, it is not appropriate to exercise excessively, pay attention to rest, relax without getting angry, and absolutely avoid hepatotoxic drugs.

2 1

Julia

2008- 1 1-25 answer

Hepatitis patients are absolutely forbidden to drink alcohol. Alcohol can cause acute damage to liver cells, increase transaminase, aggravate hepatitis, and lead to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis.

Dietary adjustment of hepatitis patients is very important, and scientific dietary principles must be followed:

● Adopt a high-protein and low-fat diet.

Improper diet can lead to allergies, digestive problems, poor health and inability to remove toxic substances. A diet low in protein, high in sugar and high in fat, especially a diet containing a lot of saturated fat (from fried food) and hydrogenated fat, is especially unfavorable to hepatitis patients. They cannot provide enough protein for the body to repair damaged tissues and increase the burden on the liver.

● Reasonable supplementation of fluorescent white matter

Protein is the structural basis of all cells and tissues in human body. When suffering from liver disease, the immune function of the body is reduced due to the damage of liver cells, and protein is needed to repair and enhance the immune function. A high-protein diet generally provides 95-130g of protein every day. If there is ascites and there is no increase in blood ammonia, 2-3 grams of protein should be provided per kilogram of body weight every day; If there is an increase in blood ammonia, the intake of protein should be limited. Pay attention to the supply of anti-fatty liver substances such as methionine, choline and lecithin, and eat foods containing protein and methionine daily, such as mussels, squid, lean meat, eggs, fish, beans and their products.

When human liver is damaged, the content of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan) decreases. Therefore, protein should provide more foods rich in branched-chain amino acids, such as fish, shrimp, duck, skinless chicken, milk, soybeans, corn, millet, glutinous rice, cauliflower, small red dates and so on. Instead, eat less foods containing more aromatic amino acids, such as chicken, pork, beef, mutton and rabbit meat. Generally, every 100g of lean meat contains protein 16-25g, 20% of lean beef and 25% of chicken.

Plant protein is very beneficial to human body, and plant foods such as bean products, beans, peanuts, sesame seeds, dried fruits, corn, cereals, melons and fruits are rich in plant protein.

● Diet should be rich in vitamins.

Patients with liver disease should try to supplement the vitamins they need from their diet. Some foods rich in vitamin A mainly include: animal liver, milk, egg yolk, leek, Baoxinlai, spinach and so on. Foods rich in vitamin C mainly include all kinds of fresh vegetables, fruits and bean sprouts. Foods rich in B vitamins mainly include beans, peanuts, fresh vegetables, yeast, animal meat, liver and so on. Hepatitis patients should eat more foods rich in vitamin K, such as spinach, cabbage, cauliflower and peanuts. Because bile secretion is blocked, which affects the absorption of vitamin K, and vegetables and fruits are also important sources of silicon, cellulose and trace elements, some people advocate that patients with liver disease should eat at least 500g of vegetables or fruits every day.

Because vitamins are not resistant to high temperatures, we should try to avoid cooking for a long time, and mainly eat raw or stir-fry to reduce the damage of vitamins.

● Don't overeat.

Overeating is the most common cause of poor liver function. The liver absorbs food like a sponge. Overeating will increase the burden on the liver and lead to liver fatigue. When the liver is overworked, toxic substances may enter the blood circulation before detoxification.

● The escaping amount increases cellulose.

Decreased activity in patients with liver disease. Slow gastrointestinal peristalsis can easily lead to habitual constipation, which is extremely unfavorable to the recovery and prognosis of hepatitis. Feces stay in the intestine for too long, and harmful substances are absorbed by the large intestine, which increases the burden of liver detoxification and damages liver cells; If this happens for a long time, the recovery of liver cells will slow down and the damage will accelerate, which will easily lead to cirrhosis. At the same time, excessive toxins can enter the brain and damage the central nervous system, which is one of the reasons why liver coma is easy to occur after abnormal liver function. Therefore, patients with liver disease should eat some foods rich in cellulose, such as celery and leeks, to keep their stools unobstructed.

● Drink green drinks.

Implement a four-week healthy eating plan and eat foods rich in lettuce and fruit. Drink green drinks, such as vegetable juice and carrot juice, and drink more juice. Start this diet plan by clearing the intestines and fasting. (See Volume 2 Fasting Therapy).

● Common eye bee products

Honey and royal jelly have the functions of nourishing and strengthening, stimulating hematopoiesis and regulating cardiovascular function. Royal jelly preparation has the functions of dilating coronary artery, lowering blood pressure and cholesterol. In addition, it also has antibacterial, hypoglycemic, anticancer and anti-ulcer effects, which can promote the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues and is conducive to the creation of tissues.

Cure. Honey and bee milk are recognized as good products for nourishing and strengthening the body and prolonging life, and patients often take them for health.

● Drink yogurt.

Yogurt contains a lot of high-quality protein and various nutrients, as well as lactase and a lot of yeast. Its lactic acid bacteria can multiply and grow in human intestinal tract, inhibit and kill spoilage bacteria in intestinal tract, and reduce toxic substances such as ammonia produced by bacteria decomposing protein in intestinal tract. At the same time, the proliferation and growth of lactic acid bacteria make the intestine acidic and reduce the absorption of ammonia, which is very beneficial to patients with liver diseases, especially patients with liver cirrhosis. It is advisable for patients with acute hepatitis to drink about 200g of yogurt every day, with 2-3 bottles/day in recovery period; Daily 1 bottle is suitable for patients with liver cirrhosis.

Low choice of food.

Choose natural foods, including various cereals, unprocessed whole wheat flour, brown rice, rabbit meat, steamed or boiled fresh water crystals, eggs, bean products, various vegetables, fruits and vegetable oils.

● Foods to be avoided

Animal fat: avoid all kinds of fat, whole milk, or raw fish, shellfish and animal protein until liver function is restored.

Irritating food: such as ginger, onion, pepper, etc. You should eat less, because these are spicy crystals, which can help damp heat and aggravate damp heat in the liver, thus leading to aggravated clinical symptoms. In particular, acute fulminant hepatitis is filled with damp heat, especially pungent and hot products, such as leek, single meat, chicken, star anise, clove and pepper. And greasy fried food: greasy fried food is not easy to digest, easy to damp heat, which is not conducive to disease recovery.

Refined food: refined processed food such as white flour and rice.

Synthetic food: Synthetic convenience food has more or less some synthetic pigments and preservatives.

At the same time, eat too much salt, sugar, soda, coffee, tea and so on. It's not good for the liver either.