Why is A Dream of Red Mansions the first of China's four classical novels?

Among the four classical novels, A Dream of Red Mansions is the gentlest, which is equivalent to a woman's biography. The other three are extremely masculine. A Dream of Red Mansions is a book about women as well as a book for women. Just like The Water Margin, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Journey to the West are all books written for men, and they are also books written for men. Therefore, compared with it, A Dream of Red Mansions undoubtedly has the largest number of female readers. This is "female literature" written by male writers. Female readers are not only interested in the emotional content of being in love with each other, but also curious: they want to see what men think of women, how men love women and how men write about women. When they read the women in the book, they understand men and look at themselves with men's eyes. After reading it, I will be amazed: men like Cao Xueqin love women more than women and know themselves better than women themselves. A dream of red mansions is a mirror that looks at a woman as well as herself. A woman who looks in the mirror will find herself so beautiful that she is the most beautiful in men's eyes. Only in this way can they know who they are beautiful for.

Women's books, books for women, in fact, men also love to read. Men love to look at women in the street, and so does reading. Male readers of Journey to the West who like reading The Water Margin and The Three Kingdoms can't help liking A Dream of Red Mansions. Sometimes they even want to know more about women than women. Just kidding, how many redologists have emerged in these years? Almost all are men. They hold a dream of red mansions as an iron rice bowl. Whether studying or studying, men also like eat woman's bowl of soft rice. A person who eats a soft meal like a dream of red mansions may be promoted to a famous redologist. This is called soft rice. There is only one Yi Zhongtian in the review of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In terms of the number of people who have achieved success, how can they compare with the red scientists who are as dense as crucian carp crossing the river? Redology itself has become a big family besides Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue. It can be seen that among the four classical novels, A Dream of Red Mansions has the largest and most comprehensive readers. A Dream of Red Mansions won the equality between men and women in the history of literature for women. Cao Xueqin not only loves women, but also understands women, so he writes women's books and women love to read them. Besides, men love watching. I hope women can understand themselves better after reading it. I hope men know more about women.

Why is A Dream of Red Mansions the most widely read of the four classical novels? As human beings, we not only love fantasy, but also long for dreams to come true-especially A Dream of Red Mansions, which is one of all dreams. Even Mao Zedong, who is good at reading, admitted: "This is the best classical novel written by China." (Quoted from Jin Chen's Notes on Mao Zedong)

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the four classical novels, was caused by the rebellion at the end of the Han Dynasty, and The Journey to the West took Tang Xuanzang's voyage to the West as a clue. The Water Margin describes the peasant uprising of Song Jiang. If it is related to the background of A Dream of Red Mansions today or the day before yesterday, and the prosperity of the Qing Dynasty, it will be closer, which is equivalent to yesterday's events. Four classical novels are like four brothers, and a dream of red mansions is the smallest. And the highlight of A Dream of Red Mansions is the love of young people. This book invisibly adds a little color of youth and dreams, making it doubly young. Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu seem to have been "refusing to grow up". A Dream of Red Mansions is not a bildungsroman in the popular sense, but more like a book that refuses to grow up, clinging to the fairy tales of Baoyu and Daiyu, showing the stubbornness and rebellion of youth. They would rather die or become monks than succumb to the secular laws of adult society and adult society. They really didn't grow up because they accepted the high price of "refusing to grow up"

But readers like Baoyu and Daiyu who really don't grow up. If they grow up and are as mature and sophisticated as Xue Baochai, they will not be Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. Will it still be so likable? Will it make readers cry, worry and worry?

What is certain is that if Lin Daiyu can please people around her like Xue Baochai, she can't please readers. What readers like is Lin Daiyu, who is not snobbish at all and clean. Lin Daiyu, who is incompatible with the rules of the game in secular society. Although we have to abide by a series of rules or hidden rules that she resists, we still admire those who dare to larger foe. Those who appreciate Lin Daiyu and those who feel sorry for Lin Daiyu are still promising.

Cao Xueqin himself, anonymous, wrote a book at the foot of Xiangshan Mountain. When Cao Xueqin is lonely, will he dream of the fox spirit and the phantom girl whose skirt flutters? Of course, Cao Xueqin and Pu Songling are different. What Pu Songling realized was only the frustration and resentment that he could not get into college and get ahead (similar to the "fox philosophy" of sour grapes). Cao Xueqin fell from the ladder, from rich to poor, belonging to a ruined aristocrat. The impermanence he felt was doubly profound (he tasted the grapes). Cao Xueqin's dream of Lin's sister (and the twelve women in Jinling) and Pu Songling's dream of fox spirit (such as Ying Ning, Rouge and Ruby) were essentially the same. After all, they are all literati in the old days, and even their dreams will be stained with traces of powder. The only difference between Cao Xueqin and Pu Songling (that is, the difference between Ai Gong Hong Xuan and Serial) lies in his hatred of fame and fortune, but also full of sadness and sadness. He used the creative process of a book to hold a silent memorial service for a golden age of annihilation.

A Dream of Red Mansions is the most encyclopedic novel in the history of world literature, and folk description has contributed a lot. Besides weddings, funerals and weddings, the most lively scenes are traditional festivals. Based on this, we know how the ancients celebrated festivals, and even indirectly shared their complicated feelings during the festivals. Moreover, the story frame of A Dream of Red Mansions is often built by various festivals. Festivals are a great review of characters' personalities and interpersonal relationships. The scene of the music festival is very interesting, and the people on the scene, what people think, say and do are more worth pondering.

For example, for the first time, "Zhen Meng is psychic and pregnant with a good family" was written on the Mid-Autumn Festival. Zhen Zhen, a township official in Renqing Lane, Shili Street, outside Nagato, Suzhou, finished the Mid-Autumn Festival family dinner, set up a banquet in the study, and personally invited the poor scholar living in Hulu Temple to dinner by moonlight. Jia Yucun has a crush on Zhen Yinshi's maid. Although I made eyes at her, I didn't get to know her and became an unsolved worry. It's Mid-Autumn Festival. Looking up at the moon, I look more and more like a beautiful woman next door. The ups and downs came to my mind, and I sang a poem: "I don't know what I want, but I often add a period of sorrow." When bored, close your forehead and go back several times. Who cares about romantic affairs? If you are interested in Zhan Guang, go to Renren Mansion first. "Well, his idea of ChanJuan lives next door, but it seems farther than the moon. Thinking about his ambition in life, he sighed at the sky and sang a couplet: "Jade asks for a good price in the coffin, and the hairpin waits to fly in the coffin." "Readers should not underestimate this couplet, which virtually indicates the future fate of Daiyu and Baochai.

When Zhen came to the door to invite him, he just heard the poem, and he suddenly realized that he had misjudged the person: the scholar really had great ambitions. He smiled and invited: "Tonight's Mid-Autumn Festival is a reunion festival. I wanted your brother to live in a monk's room. I felt very lonely, so I had a special drink and invited my brother to the shelter for a drink. I wonder if Qin will agree? " In case of bosom friend, follow Zhen to the academy here to chat. It is enough to know one thing in life, and the sky has become beautiful: "At that time, every family in the neighborhood played flute and sang. The bright moon is in the sky, and the two are more and more excited and the wine is dry. " Jia Yucun's inner madness was inspired by the beauty of debauchery (and the beauty who was not present). He performed a "super imitation show" of Li Bai and Thiel. I raised my glass to ask the bright moon and chanted to the moon: "Every three to five days, we will reunite, and the jade fence will be covered with fine light. I turned around in the sky before I came out, and the surnames in the world looked up. " The hospitable and talented master Zhen immediately became a fan of the arrogant poet: "Great! Every time I say that my brother is not a permanent resident, I see signs of soaring today, and I will soon be able to walk on the Yun Ni. Congratulations! " I poured a large glass of wine myself.

Zhi Yanzhai commented: "This poem is not intended, but if you want to get out of the rain village, you have to have someone." Starting from Mid-Autumn Poems, collect them with Mid-Autumn Poems, and use poetry clubs in autumn. Sanchun also used Sanqiu as the key. "People say that Sanqiu can't be seen for a day, but Sanqiu in a dream of red mansions is as fast as a day and fleeting.

A Dream of Red Mansions, as a four-season song in feudal society, describes the spring, summer, autumn and winter of famous families for readers to sing along the seasonal corridor. This long scroll depicting the rich and powerful figures in the Spring and Autumn Period begins in autumn and ends in autumn. It began with spending the Mid-Autumn Festival with Zhen, succeeded in its career, was eventually relegated to the people, and ended up reunited with Zhen in the maze. How much happened in the middle? How many things are omitted in the middle? All turned into autumn wind rustling and leaves rustling.

The Mid-Autumn Moon in Gusu City opened the curtain of A Dream of Red Mansions. Jia Yucun, a lonely scholar in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, was lucky to get help from the nobles in this Mid-Autumn Festival. Zhen Yinshi didn't just eat for Jia Yucun. He heard that Jia Yucun wanted to take the exam in Beijing, but he had no money. He sent five hundred and twenty pieces of silver and two sets of winter clothes on the spot. Very thoughtful, when giving in kind, he said it with deep affection and friendship: "Brother, why didn't you say so earlier?" A fool is incompetent, but he still knows the word' righteousness and benefit'. And I hope that next year will be a big year, so my brother should enter Beijing as soon as possible and live up to what he has learned in the first world war in spring. I'll be responsible for the rest of the expenses, and I won't waste my brother's misunderstanding! "

On this Mid-Autumn Night, the moon seen by Jia Yucun is the roundest. There is not only the moon in the sky, but also the cake falling in the sky! The money and clothes in his hand are all generously donated by well-intentioned people he has never met, which is more like falling from the sky. Struggling in the bottleneck of life for a long time is what he lacks. What is missing is a start-up fee that can beat the hero. Fortunately, Zhen became the backer of his career. Although Jia Yucun is still drinking and laughing after accepting the money and things, he must be secretly pleased: his life is playing!

The two exchanged views under the moon until the third night. I chose an auspicious day to go to Beijing: "The 19th is the zodiac. You can buy a boat and go to the Western Heaven at once. Waiting for Xiong Fei to hold high the flag to welcome tomorrow and winter is not a good thing! "The giver seems to be more excited than the receiver and sleeps well. I didn't wake up until very late in the morning. I want to write two more letters of recommendation to Jia Yucun, so that he can have a formal family to visit and live in a strange land. Send someone to find Jia Yucun. The family came back and reported that the monk in Hulu Temple said that Master Jia had gone to Beijing on five drums today. He also left a message for the monk to tell Zhen: "The literati are not in the underworld of the ecliptic, and they always attach importance to things and cannot leave in person. "What a short temper. Originally, I only owed the east wind, so I borrowed the east wind on Mid-Autumn Festival night, and I didn't want to delay for a moment. I immediately went to straighten my muddy sail and cross the deep sea. Look at his resolute trend, maybe he can really succeed.

As for whether Jia Yucun's success is a good thing or a bad thing, you will know all about it after reading A Dream of Red Mansions. According to the impermanent outlook on life in A Dream of Red Mansions, good things will turn into bad things, and bad things will bring good things. Jia Yucun himself is just a chess piece crossing the river. He was able to cross the Chu River and the Han Dynasty thanks to Zhen Yinshi's help. What Zhen did should be regarded as a good thing, but his good deeds made him successfully embark on his official career and even qualified to do bad things.

This Mid-Autumn Festival in Gusu City is a common one among countless Mid-Autumn Festivals. This is unusual for Jia Yucun, who is so incompetent. He met with good luck. Although this kind of good luck will bring bad luck in the future. This Mid-Autumn Festival is the introduction of the whole Dream of Red Mansions, which not only makes Jia Yucun, who is lonely and hesitant, ups and downs, but also indirectly affects the fate of Jia family in Beijing thousands of miles away. Jia Yucun was originally an outsider in Rongning's second mansion, and unexpectedly gained the possibility of participating in its ups and downs on this full moon night. The five hundred and twenty pieces of silver that fell from the sky that day (it must be brighter than the moon in Jia Yucun's eyes) are indispensable original capital.

Autumn provides one suspense after another for a dream of red mansions, creating one turning point after another. The prosperity of Jiafu reached its climax in autumn, and then began to decline in another autumn, showing a declining trend.

The Grand View Garden Talented Persons and Beautiful Women Poetry Club started in the cool autumn wind. It was the peak of the second government of Rongning, which was very spectacular. Back to the 37th "Autumn Frost Zhai Occasionally Knots Begonia Society, the topic of chrysanthemum in the night", two pots of white Haitang brought inspiration to boys and girls, and they were named the Begonia Poetry Society of the New Poetry Society. The first competition was to chant poems on the same topic. The place of the party happened to be in the autumn frost lent. Xue Baochai's song "Rouge washes away the shadow of autumn stage, and ice and snow absorb the soul" won the championship. After many twists and turns, Xue Baochai and Shi Xiangyun held a crab banquet in the Grand View Garden, inviting Jia Mu and others to enjoy osmanthus flowers and eat crabs. This is also the most harmonious and poetic meal in a dream of red mansions. In the second half of the banquet, there will be a chrysanthemum poetry meeting, which consists of 12 impromptu poems: recalling chrysanthemums, visiting chrysanthemums, planting chrysanthemums, giving chrysanthemums, singing chrysanthemums, painting chrysanthemums, asking chrysanthemums, holding chrysanthemums, chrysanthemum shadows, dreaming chrysanthemums and residual chrysanthemums. The thirty-eighth poem Lin Xiaoxiang's Poem Xue Heng's Allegory about Crabs was written by Lin Daiyu, who wrote three masterpieces: Ode to Chrysanthemum, Ask about Chrysanthemum and Dream about Chrysanthemum. In Ode to the Chrysanthemum, there are two opposites, that is, "writing in the frost and singing to the moon with sweet lips". Full of self-pity and resentment, who will tell Qiu Xin? "Very clever, it can be described as gorgeous. Jia Baoyu took advantage of the excitement and said, "If you don't write a poem today, you can't enjoy your happiness." Sure enough, he washed his hands and wrote a crab poem: "Clawing is more like sweet-scented osmanthus, and vinegar spills ginger." "The gluttonous prince and grandson should have wine, and the rampant son has no intestines. ...... "Daiyu sang a song on the spot, and the two sentences at the end were" Reward Festival is the best for the company, and the fragrant chrysanthemum is frosty. " Baoyu was cheering when he saw it, but Daiyu tore it and burned it But Baochai's song, "Gui Ai Tong Yin sits on the curtain, Chang 'an looks forward to Chongyang ...", was rated as the swan song of eating crabs by everyone.

Although the poetry club was founded in autumn, it exudes the breath of youth. It is also the adolescence of the Grand View Garden. A group of carefree boys and girls are intoxicated with the romance and talent endowed by age. Even a melancholy girl like Lin Daiyu was very happy in those days. She looked very sunny, as if the fog in her heart had been driven away by its beautiful scenery. This is an infinitely wonderful time, but unfortunately it can't last long. Alas, happiness in life is always limited.

The seasons cycle, and the years overlap more. By the seventy-fifth time, Jia's men, women and children gathered in Tubi Mountain Villa to enjoy the moon, but this Mid-Autumn Festival family banquet implied depression. First of all, there are few people. The round table, which originally meant happy reunion, was only half occupied and the other half was empty. In the words of Jia Mu, "We don't think there are fewer people every day. There are still few of us today, which is nothing. Think about the past days, how lively there are thirty or forty men and women tonight. Let's call it a day. Too few. I'll call a few more. They all have parents, so it is not good to come home to take part in accidental amusement. " Zhi Yanzhai commented: "If you don't drink first, there will always be signs of dispersion."

Secondly, when playing "Carrying on the Family", Jia She mentioned in her joke that "the inheritance style is too biased", which made Jia Jia suspicious and a little disappointed. Jia Mu is a wet blanket, and everyone is naturally unhappy. Jia diya left home early. On the way down the mountain, she tripped over a stone and sprained her ankle.

Especially in the second half, Grandma Jia took everyone to enjoy osmanthus, then went to the table to continue drinking and listened to the flute played by the musicians under the osmanthus tree. The first song was good, when the old lady ordered her to pick a song with a slow score. "Listen to the osmanthus tree shade, sob pharynx pharynx, curled up leisurely, and gives birth to a wisp of flute, really more desolate than before. Everyone sat in silence, the night was quiet and the moon was bright, and the flute sounded sad. Grandma Jia, an old man drinking wine, couldn't help crying at the sound. Everyone can't help feeling sad and lonely. It was a long time before I realized that grandma was sad, so I turned around and explained with a smile. He ordered warm wine and stopped playing the flute. " You's jokes amused the old lady, and everyone couldn't laugh. The old lady's eyes are dim and she seems to be asleep.

From this moment on, there was a chill in the book. Since this Mid-Autumn Festival, A Dream of Red Mansions has added a sad voiceover, like a flute and a sob. The sound of the flute that night may indicate endless crying in the future, right? The first half of a dream of red mansions is laughter, and the second half is crying. The first half is lively and the second half is bleak. If the first half is warm, the second half is very cold. It's getting colder and colder until the end of the song. The white world is so clean.

Daiyu saw that there were many people enjoying the moon in the Jia family, but the Jia family still lamented that there were few people, so it was not as lively as before. "。 She also mentioned Baochai's sister's house, and the mother and daughter brothers went to enjoy the moon by themselves. They were not sad about the scenery, so they went to the pillar and began to cry. "The poetry club originally agreed to hold a poetry contest this Mid-Autumn Festival to enjoy the moon and write poems together. However, Baochai and others had other plans, so the poetry club activities could not be held, and everyone dispersed. Shi Xiangyun was the only one who comforted Lin Daiyu and told her to go to Jingxi Pavilion at the foot of the mountain to recite poems: "Although it is good to enjoy the moon on this mountain, it is better to enjoy the moon near the water." When they get to the water's edge, they look at the sky and the moon for a while, and at the hidden moon for a while, and you recite poems sentence by sentence. Fei Ying, a white crane, let Shi Xiangyun sing a beautiful sentence of "crossing the crane shadow in a cold pond" with the help of God. Not to be outdone, Lin Daiyu said, "Leng Yue buried the flower soul.".

Xiangyun clapped her hands and said, "Great! This can't be right. What a buried soul! " He sighed again: "Poetry is solid and novel, but it is too decadent! Now that you are ill, you shouldn't say such strange and complicated things. "

"Leng Yue Buries the Soul of Flowers", just five words, is enough to become a spiritual biography of Lin Daiyu. She unconsciously predicted her fate. Lin Daiyu's short life, first buried flowers, then was buried by flowers. Hometown is far away under the fence. After Lin Daiyu died, there was nowhere to die, but she was buried under the moon and among the flowers, waiting. She waited for her soul to be transported back to the south as soon as possible and buried beside her parents. Although she has no living relatives in the south, she still wants to go back. Her soul still wants to go back.

This Mid-Autumn Festival, Lin Daiyu summed up her life in five words in advance. This Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon is cold. Tears are getting cold. My heart is a little cold, but Lin Daiyu hasn't realized that colder days are yet to come. It's getting colder and colder. At the moment, Lin Daiyu can only see the moon, but only the moon. She can't see herself crying behind the moon recently.