The traditional method of prolonging life in China is called sanitation, health preservation, generous life or moral life. Health is the meaning of defending life; Health preservation means life-saving; Good health means being kind to life; Daosheng demanded that all the above laws should abide by certain written laws. There is a saying in Tao Te Ching that "man should follow the laws of nature and the universe".
The so-called health preservation is a measure to preserve body and mind, maintain or improve health and reduce and prolong life according to the law of life, which is equivalent to the activities in modern medicine. Health preservation is a cultural phenomenon, and it is the material wealth and spiritual wealth created by the Chinese nation in the historical practice of maintaining human health and racial continuity. It has certain nationality, tradition and continuity.
Because health activities involve the study of human life phenomena, its content will naturally be carried out in many aspects of daily life, which will inevitably involve various cultural phenomena. Therefore, the contents of ancient health activities are mostly scattered in many cultural categories, such as medical culture, food culture, tea culture, religious culture, folk culture, martial arts culture and so on.
Due to the different perspectives of their own practice and experience, the health-keeping activities in the past dynasties have their own emphasis on regulating diet and daily life, taking drugs and adopting medical skills (acupuncture, massage, etc.). ), practice martial arts qigong, cultivate spirit, control desire, cultivate morality, etc. , also have their own uses.
trait
The way of keeping in good health of the Chinese nation has basically summed up the theory of keeping in good health in medicine, diet, religion, folk customs, martial arts and other cultural aspects for thousands of years. Its content is nothing more than the following four points.
1. Let it develop naturally
Let nature take its course embodies the idea of "",emphasizing that in the process of health preservation, we should conform to the laws of nature and not violate them. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the unity and coordination between man and society. As Huangdi Neijing said: "Knowing astronomy from above, geography from below, and personnel from the middle can last long."
2. Have both form and spirit
In the process of health preservation, we should not only pay attention to physical maintenance, but also pay attention to mental and psychological adjustment, such as having both form and spirit, having both form and spirit, and having both form and spirit.
3. Dynamic and static combination
Modern medicine advocates "life lies" and "exercise leads to yang", and advocates fitness, but it also advocates "to be static and dynamic" and "not to be light." As the Zhouyi Biography said, "Motion and static coexist, thinking that everything changes", Jing Lei easily said, "Everything in the world originates from motion and static."
4. Comprehensive and thoughtful support
Health care is not limited to one method, and health care activities should be carried out in various ways and ways, such as form, spirit, movement, quietness, food and medicine. In addition, different health care methods should be adopted according to people, places and times, which are called "nursing based on reason" and "nursing based on syndrome differentiation".
content
Under the guidance of the theory of health preservation, the content of health preservation has been gradually established in the past dynasties and has been continuously developed and improved. It mainly includes the following seven aspects.
1. Shenyang
Including mental and psychological recuperation, hobby recuperation and moral quality recuperation. It combines traditional medicine, religion and folk culture.
2. Behavior support
Including daily activities such as clothing, food, shelter and transportation. It combines traditional medicine, religion, folklore, art and culture.
Nourish air
Mainly aimed at the "internal cultivation" of medical fitness qigong. It combines traditional medical culture, religious culture and martial arts culture.
cultivate
It mainly includes physical fitness and physical fitness activities. The content combines medical culture and martial arts culture.
feed
The main contents are the selection, preparation and application of health food, as well as diet and moderation. The contents include medicine, medicine, food, tea, wine and folk customs. Daily life contains food and nutrition, which has a wide application range and is suitable for more people.
6. Drug maintenance
The main content is the selection and modulation of health-preserving drugs. Its preparations are mostly pure natural edible plant medicines; Its preparation methods are mostly rough blending, and its dosage forms are mostly integrated with food. In ancient times, it was often called medicinal diet and French diet. Its application range is also very wide, suitable for more people, and its nutrition content also involves medicine, medicine, food culture and so on.
7. Surgery
It is a non-food and non-drug health care method other than the above health care technology, that is, health care is carried out by means of * * *, pushing food, acupuncture, bathing, ironing, magnetic suction, utensils and so on. Its content mainly involves medical culture.
In a word, the characteristic of health preservation is to emphasize individual behavior, and the methods adopted should vary from person to person. The so-called trial support, support for people, does not force unity within the group. For example, A needs to pay attention to the body, B needs to pay attention to the diet, C needs to pay attention to the spirit and so on. If we indiscriminately ask Party A, Party B and Party C to strengthen their physique or change a certain diet structure, we may not be able to meet everyone's health needs.