Tang Yin
Tang Yin (1470- 1523), whose name is Bohu and whose name is Wei Zi, was born in the sixth year of Chenghua in Ming Xianzong and Yinri in silver moon, hence the name Tang Yin. Han nationality, a native of Suzhou in Ming Dynasty, was born in a merchant family, with his father Tang Guangde and his mother Qiu. Smart since childhood. When he was in his twenties, his family suffered a change. His parents, wife and sister died one after another, and his family came down. At the suggestion of his good friend Zhu Yunming, he studied hard. At the age of 29, she took the Yingtianfu public examination and won the first prize of "Xie Yuan". At the age of 30, I went to Beijing to take the exam, but I was accused of being an official because of cheating in the examination room. From then on, I decided to make progress and make a living by selling paintings. Nine years (15 14), at the invitation of Ning Wang Zhu, he went to Nanchang for more than half a year. Later, when he found out that Ning was up to something, he pretended to be crazy and even streaked in the street to get away. Life was hard in his later years and he died at the age of 54.
Although Tang Bohu was a gifted painter with outstanding talents, ideals and ambitions in history, his cynical and arrogant personality was not suitable for this society. He had a rough life and died at the age of 54. The last poem he wrote before his death expressed his deep-rooted complex feelings of nostalgia for the world and resentment and world-weariness: "Being born in the dead is over, why not die in hell?" . Dead people are almost the same as dead people. You should only wander in a foreign land. "
He is good at landscapes, figures, flowers and birds. His landscape paintings were studied by Chen Zhou in his early years, and then by Li Tang and Liu Songnian. He painted mountains and painted mountains with an axe, which was majestic and steep, but his pen was fine, his layout was sparse and his style was elegant. Figure paintings are mostly ladies and historical stories, inheriting the tradition of the Tang Dynasty, with clear lines, gorgeous and elegant colors, beautiful posture and accurate modeling; He is also a freehand brushwork figure, and his pen is concise and interesting. His flower-and-bird paintings are freehand and elegant. In addition to painting, Tang Yin also engaged in calligraphy, learning from Zhao Mengfu, and his calligraphy style was fantastic and handsome. There are some paintings that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Riding a Donkey to Home, Singing in the Mountain Road, Mingming, Uncle Wang's Palace Prostitute, Li Duanduanju, Autumn Wind and Fan, and Qiuci Cuan.
Tang Yin is also very accomplished in literature. Gong's poems have been written for many years, and his paintings and sentimental works express his wild and uninhibited mind and indifference to the world. Slang and slang are used in poetry, which is easy to understand and simple in meaning. He wrote the Collection of Six Confucian Laymen, and the Qing Dynasty compiled the Complete Works of Six Confucian Laymen.
Flirting Scholar
Tang Bohu's "Lighting Chou-heung" is an ancient historical story in China, which took place in the Ming Dynasty. The protagonist of the story is the gifted scholar Tang Bohu, that is, Tang Yin.
As early as Jiajing or Wanli in Ming Dynasty, Xiang recorded the story with Chou-heung in his note Miscellaneous Notes on Banana Window. Later, the story about Tang Bohu and Chou-heung in Zhou Xuanyong's Lin Jing Miscellanies was more detailed, which basically formed the embryonic form of "San Xiao". At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Feng Menglong compiled a widely circulated Book of Warning with the title of The Marriage of Tang Jieyuan Xiao Yi. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there appeared such zaju as Smile Before Flowers written by Meng Shunqing and Flower Boat Edge written by a single person for one month, which made them enter thousands of households in the form of stage performances. As a matter of fact, according to the notes such as Tea Guest Talk and Ear Talk, there was indeed a matter of selling oneself into slavery in the history of the Ming Dynasty, but this was a scholar named Chen, and a busybody attached it to his name. According to historians' research, Chou-heung was a prostitute named Lin Nuer in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, who was 20 years older than Tang Bohu. Hua Taishi is from Wuxi, 27 years younger than Tang Bohu. Therefore, Tang Bohu and "San Xiao" divorced from the marriage relationship.
Some operas describe Tang Bohu as a womanizer, a slut, a hooligan and a literary hooligan with eight or nine dissatisfied wives. He is best at flirting with women and playing tricks. Tang Bohu will be wronged if he lives in heaven. This century-old "unjust case" will be overturned again.
Tang Bohu is a poor scholar. "In the reflection room, the bottle is broken, and there are many things besides clothes and shoes" (Tang Yin's Book with Wen Zhiming). He sells paintings for a living, and it is still difficult to maintain his life. How can he afford eight or nine wives? In fact, Tang Yin didn't take a concubine to marry a little girl. His original wife died of illness, and the second wife thought that Tang Bohu had no hope of becoming an official. The last confidante was Shen nine niang, and the rumor among the people was the ninth wife. In addition, another reason for the rumor is the different interpretation of the word "romance".
Tang Yin is a gifted scholar in Wuzhong, as well as Wen Zhiming and Zhu Zhishan. Tang Bohu is especially good at writing and painting. Although he is handsome, he is sometimes informal.
The wife of China, a bachelor of Wuxi aristocratic family, came to Wuzhong to burn incense with a maid and servant, and happened to meet Tang Bohu who came to visit Tiger Hill at the invitation of Wen Zhiming and Zhu Zhishan. At this time, Tang Bohu saw a beautiful handmaid in the crowd in Washington, and she was hooked up. She followed her to a temple unconsciously.
Liu Wuquan walked into the hall and upon the Buddha statue. Tang Bohu also knelt beside Meidochan. Meidochan accidentally left his handkerchief on the ground and was picked up by Tang Bohu. When people from Washington came to Tiger Hill, Tang Bohu met the little maid by a rock and returned her handkerchief. The handmaid looked at the scholar with the handkerchief and smiled.
Wen and Zhu didn't see it on the road, so they had to go back by themselves. When Washington and his party returned to the boat after swimming in Tiger Mountain, Tang Bohu also rented a boat to accompany them. The handmaid's name is Qiu Xiang, and she is Mrs. Hua's favorite handmaid.
When the boat came out to pour water on the way, Chou-heung just fell on Tang Bohu. Chou-heung saw Tang Bohu. He was not in a hurry, but smiled there and smiled for it. When the ship arrived in Wuxi, people from Washington all landed, and Tang Bohu quickly recovered. In front of Washington, Chou-heung saw Tang Bohu still chasing him foolishly, so she walked in with a smile. At this point, Tang Bohu won the beauty of her heart, San Xiao.
In order to go further, Tang Bohu put on casual clothes and applied for a teaching position in Washington, DC, named Hua 'an, and taught Wenhua and Hua Wu, two sons of Bachelor of Chinese Studies, to read and write. One day, Chou-heung sent tea to the Fahrenheit brothers. She saw a portrait entitled "A pair of idiots" on Hua 'an's desk and secretly showed it to her wife. Although the lady was furious, she really seldom saw the exquisite brushwork, and it was only after the second daughter-in-law was rescued by Tang Bohu's cousin that she offered to draw a statue of Guanyin as a model for her, that the lady turned her anger into joy.
At this time, Tang Bohu took the opportunity to ask Chou-heung to help me polish the ink, so as to further contact Chou-heung. Since then, Tang Bohu has met Chou-heung many times, but Chou-heung promised to come down but didn't keep the appointment. Wen and Zhu came to Wuxi to visit after a long separation. Zhu Zhishan lied that Hua 'an was a runaway servant and wanted to take him home. Don't want to go back, and Hua doesn't want him to go.
Just when Wen and Zhu had no choice but to walk out of Washington, they chased them out and confessed everything, so the three men devised a plan to force the China bachelor to promise to choose one of all his handmaids as his wife. Mrs. Hua agreed, and all the maids in Washington got together to choose.
However, Tang Bohu looked at almost all the maids, but remained silent. He just whispered, I want to see all the maids because I am kind. The lady asked the second daughter-in-law puzzled. Second grandma said Chou-heung was the only one who didn't come out. After the lady told her, Chou-heung appeared, and Tang Bohu was very satisfied.
The next day, when the bachelor learned that Chou-heung had fled that night, he sent someone to Zhujiajian to inquire, but he heard that Hua 'an was at home. When Hua learned the truth, he rushed to the Tang family and saw that it was Hua 'an, so he invited Chou-heung. When the truth came out, Hua laughed. From then on, two families in Tang Hua thought they were in-laws and interacted with each other.
Zhu Zhishan
Zhu Yunming (1460- 1527) was originally named Xizhe, and his real name was Shan Zhi. Because his right hand has six fingers, he is called "Zhi Sheng", and he also refers to the old firewood of people in Shan Zhi and mountainous areas. Han nationality, from Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). His family background, his poetry and calligraphy ability, especially his "Wild Grass" are praised by the world, as well as Tang Yin, Wen Zhiming and Xu Zhenqing. Li Ming called him one of the four gifted scholars in Wuzhong. Because of their close relationship with Tang Yin, there are many anecdotes about them among the people.
Zhu Zhishan was gifted and studious since childhood. At the age of five, he can write Chinese characters one foot square, and at the age of nine, he can write poems, so he is called a "child prodigy". /kloc-at the age of 0/0, he is well-read, with magnificent articles and extraordinary intelligence. At the age of 7, he was a scholar, and at the age of 32, he was a juror. He used to be an official in Xingning County and Yingtianfu. Because of his wandering nature and dissatisfaction with official corruption, he resigned and returned to the Soviet Union under the pretext of making friends, inviting guests to drink heavily and cooking wine to relieve his worries, so as to vent his anger.
Zhu Zhishan is one of the "three great calligraphers in the middle of Ming Dynasty". His calligraphy absorbed the essence of Yu Shinan in Tang Dynasty and Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty, and promoted the cursive scripts of Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi and Tang Huaisu in Jin Dynasty. It has developed into its own unique weeds and is known as "the first in the Ming Dynasty". Although Zhu Yunming has no famous paintings, he can also paint, but he rarely writes, and there are even fewer handed down works.
Jiajing died in the fifth year (1526) at the age of 67. After his death, Zhu Zhishan was buried in Zhu's ancestral grave in Hengshan, a suburb of Suzhou, but the grave has been leveled.
My grandfather Zhu Hao was born in Zhu Yunming, and he was a scholar in the Ming Dynasty (1439). He went to Shanxi to participate in politics as Chief Secretary, and resigned at the age of 60. He is good at poetry and likes to write cursive script, seeking words from far to near. Scholars in Suzhou admire him very much, and dozens of people make friends with him. Chenghua Guimao (1483) died at the age of 79. Zhu Yunming's father, Zhu Sui, was not as famous as his grandfather and died five months earlier. Zhu Yunming was twenty-four years old that year. Zhu Yunming's biological mother died when he was sixteen. Therefore, Zhu Yunming's youth is very unfortunate. Grandfather Xu Youzhen (1407— 1472) was born in Wuxian, Suzhou. Ming Xuande eight years (1433), Jinshi. Later, due to his meritorious service in welcoming the restoration of English sects, he was appointed as the minister of war, a university student in Huagai Hall and an uncle in martial arts. Xu Youzhen's talent is unparalleled. He is proficient in astronomy, geography, Taoism and Buddhism, as well as technology. Calligraphy was good at cursive script, and Huai Su and Mi Fei's brushwork made him famous at that time.
Wen Zhiming
(1470 ~ 1559), whose first name is wall, the word Ming, and the later word Zhong, Zhiyun, is a layman in Hengshan, posthumous title. Changzhou (now Suzhou) people. Born in Chenghua, Ming Xianzong for six years, he died in Jiajing period of Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty at the age of ninety, and served as an official in Hanlin. One of the founders of Wu Pai. Together with Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan and Xu Zhenqing, they are also called "Four Talents in Jiangnan" (also known as the Four Talents of Wumen). It is also called "Ming Sijia" with Shen Zhou, Tang Bohu and Chou Ying. At the age of 54, at the age of 54, Gong Sheng tried to be an official. He was awarded a letter to imperial academy, so he called it a letter to be served.
Wen Zhiming was born in an official family, and his early fame and career were not smooth. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people who passed the examinations at all levels and passed the examinations in Shangguan, Zhou and County schools were generally called "students" or "Jinshi". Wen Zhiming took the exam at the age of a student until he was 53 years old in the first year of Jiajing (1522), but he failed to get it. He was already a teenager. At the age of 54, he was recommended to the court in Beijing by Li Chongsi, the minister of the Ministry of Industry. After examination by the official department, he was awarded a low-paid post in imperial academy. At this time, his calligraphy and painting have gained a good reputation, and there are many requirements for his calligraphy and painting, which makes him jealous and excluded by his colleagues in imperial academy. Wen Zhiming was very unhappy. As he arrived in Beijing the following year, he wrote a letter asking to resign and go home. He made three resignation reports in three years before he was approved. He left Beijing at the age of 57, set sail south and settled in Suzhou. From then on, he devoted himself to poetry and painting, no longer seeking official positions, and sent himself away by playing with ink. Famous in his later years, he is known as "writing all over the world". People who bought his calligraphy and painting called him "envious of the sea and mountains" as soon as they stepped on the threshold. Nearly 90 years old, he still worked tirelessly and wrote an epitaph for people. Before he finished writing, he "put down his pen and sat down and died."
Xu Zhenqing
Xu Zhenqing (1479-151year) is called Long Valley and Guo Chang. A native of Meili Town, Changshu, he moved to Wuxian (now Suzhou). Ming dynasty writers. Together with Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhiming, they are also called "Four Talents in Jiangnan" (also known as the Four Talents of Wumen). It is famous for the quatrains of "every family in Jiangzuo, flowers and trees in Yangzhou in foggy month".
Xu Zhenqing was born smart, but not very liberal. 16 years old wrote "Qian Xin Collection", which is famous in Wuzhong. However, he tried many times in his early years. After reading Li Sao, he wrote a collection of sighs. You Jiang Ji, written in the 14th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (150 1 year). In the 16th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1503), he co-edited New Records of Taihu Lake with Wen Zhiming. In the eighteenth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1505), I heard that Tatar invaded and the officers and men failed in the Anti-Japanese War, so I wrote a long poem "You Yu Tai". In the same year, he was a scholar, and later he was awarded the deputy curator of the left temple of Dali Temple. In the fifth year of Ming Dynasty (15 10), he was demoted to Dr. imperial academy.
Xu Zhenqing occupies a special position in the field of poetry, and there are many poems, known as "Xiong Wen". Later, he befriended Li Mengyang and He Jingming, writers of the Ming Dynasty, repented, and advocated retro. Together with He Jingming, Bian Gong, Kang Hai and Wang, they are called "the first seven sons". Qin Yi Lu, written by him, only talks about the Han and Wei Dynasties, but ignores the theory of restoring ancient ways after the Six Dynasties. His poems are elegant in style and gallop between Han and Tang Dynasties. Although deliberately retro, there is still a romantic feeling in Wuzhong.
Xu Zhenqing believed in Taoism in his later years and studied health preservation. Zheng De died in the sixth year of Ming Dynasty (15 1 1) at the age of 33, and his tomb was located at the northern end of Yujiabang, Wandian Bridge at the foot of Huqiu Mountain. Xu Huiqing's other works include The Land, Yi Wen and Lin Yi.