Modern research
Main ingredients: piperine, piperine, piperine. The volatile oil contains piperonal, dihydrocarvonol, caryophyllene oxide, cryptone and so on.
Pharmacological action:
1. anticonvulsant and sedative effects piperine has obvious anticonvulsant effect on pentylenetetrazol convulsion and electroconvulsive. The anticonvulsant effect is similar to that of phenytoin sodium, but slower than that of phenytoin sodium. The effect of phenytoin sodium is extremely obvious after half an hour of administration, but it takes about one and a half hours. Piperine has obvious antagonistic effect on auditory epilepsy in rats. Piperine can antagonize epilepsy and epilepsy caused by electrical stimulation in mice.
Piperine has obvious sedative effect on mice. After intraperitoneal injection, eyes closed, head bowed, prone, little activity, in a quiet state. It still responds to mechanical stimulation and slight sound stimulation, and the righting reflex always exists, without movement disorder and disorder.
2. Insecticidal effect The water, ether or ethanol extract of pepper has been proved to have the effect of killing tapeworms in vitro or in the whole experiment of infecting rats, but it has no obvious effect on trematodes and nematodes.
3. Other experiments show that pepper can raise blood pressure, but has no obvious effect on pulse. Topical application can be used as irritant and erythema agent. Pepper has a weak antimalarial effect. It is also reported that piperine has antipyretic effect on typhoid fever in rabbits, anti-inflammatory effect on inflammation caused by Toona sinensis gum in rats and analgesic effect on pain caused by tail pressure in mice.
clinical application
Clinical report:
1. The crude extracts of pepper and piper longum were used to treat epilepsy and made into tablets (each tablet is equivalent to 0.5g of crude drug, pepper and piper longum), 2-4 tablets each time, twice a day. Treatment 150 cases, the total effective rate is 83.9%. Journal of Beijing Medical College1974; (4):2 14
2. Treat malaria with 10 ~ 15 slices of pepper, grind them into fine powder, put them in the center of the adhesive tape and stick them on Dazhui point. The course of treatment is 1, 7 days. If the tape is sealed, it can be replaced immediately. If the adhesive tape is used to hit the threshold, 6 cases are treated, 5 cases are cured, and they relapse after 7 days 1 case. (5): Seal 3
3. Mix and mash with 10 slice of raw pepper, 3 slices of jujube and 5 slices of sweet almond, and take it with warm boiled water. Adults should take 1 dose every day, and reduce it for the weak or children. Satisfactory results were obtained in 20 cases. Journal of traditional chinese medicine1966; (2): 14
4. Treat chilblain with equal amount of pepper and realgar powder, mix them evenly, apply them on the plaster or adhesive plaster for pain relief, stick them on the affected area, and wrap them with bandages. Every other day 1 time, 3 times for 1 course of treatment. Treatment 14 cases with satisfactory results. Journal of barefoot doctors1976; ( 1 1): 19
5. Treat children's diarrhea
A. Add white pepper 1 g (ground) and glucose powder 9 to make powder. Each dose is: children under 0 years old 1.3-0.5g, children under 3 years old 0.5- 1.5g, generally not exceeding 2g, three times a day, and 65438 is taken continuously for 0-3 days. 6(4): 192
B, white pepper 1 ~ 2 granules are ground into fine powder, filled in umbilicus, pasted with adhesive tape, and changed every 24 hours 1 time for 2 ~ 3 days. After 209 cases were treated with 1 ~ 2 days, 139 cases had normal stool, and 365438+ cases had significantly reduced stool frequency. (4):23
6. Treat children's dyspepsia with 30 pieces of pepper, 30 grams of Evodia rutaecarpa and 6 grams of clove, and grind them into fine powder. Apply powder 1.5g each time, adjust appropriate amount of vaseline to navel, and change dressing 1 time every day. 55 cases were treated, and were generally cured after external application of 1 ~ 2 times. New Chinese Medicine1974; ( 1):4 1
7. To treat toothache, grind 2 g of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 2g of isatis salt into fine powder, put 0.5g into a dry cotton ball, take 95% ethanol 10ml, heat it to the boiling point, that is, put the cotton ball into it with tweezers and take it out for a while. When the cotton ball cools to about 60℃, the patient bites with painful teeth and the pain stops soon. More than 100 cases have been treated with satisfactory results. (6):8
Prescription selection:
1. Treatment of nausea, vomiting, vomiting, the number of days can be different: pepper three points (end), ginger one or two points (slightly simmered). The first medicine, take two glasses of water, fry one cup, remove me, and take it three times at different temperatures. (Taiping Shenghuifang)
2. Treatment of gastrointestinal discomfort: blindly soak peppers in vinegar, dry them in the sun, soak them in vinegar for countless times, the more the better, and grind the vinegar paste into pills. Take ten pills in the light vinegar soup and add them to thirty or forty pills.
3. Treatment of stomachache: seven big red dates (with cores removed) and seven white peppers, tied with thread, steamed on a rice cooker for seven times, and pounded into pills, the size of mung beans. Take seven capsules each time, with warm boiled water, and use ten capsules for strong people. After eating them, the pain will stop, but if the stomach is hot and hungry, porridge and rice will be safe. This cold food and phlegm are all cured.
4. Xia Yue treats cold, diarrhea and cholera: Chili is ground into powder and rice balls are big. Drink 40 capsules per meter. (Simple hygienic prescription)
5. Treatment of toothache caused by wind insects: pepper, long pepper, etc. At the end, the wax pill is as big as pockmarked. Every pill is used and stuffed into a hole. (Simple prescription for hygiene)
Matters needing attention
Appropriate taboo: people with yin deficiency and excessive fire should not take it.
Toxic and side effects:' Chili is dry, eating it quickly leads to more people who like to eat it, which will cause great damage to the spleen, stomach and lung qi, and it will cause great damage to the qi if it lasts for a long time.' (Zhu Zhenheng)
Doctors' comments on medicine
Pepper is pungent and the temperature is high. Although it is essentially non-toxic, it is too pungent and warm, and it is harmful to eat too much and has a strong smell. The yang in the yang is also strong. Regulating the lower qi, warming the middle energizer and resolving phlegm, except for those with deficiency and cold of zang-fu organs due to stroke, can make the zang-fu organs not adjust, the phlegm go up, pungent and warm the stomach and disperse the wind and cool, so that the phlegm and qi will decrease and the zang-fu organs will be harmonious. However, if the blood is hot, it will cause fever due to yin deficiency, coughing and vomiting blood, dry throat and thirst, sudden rush of hot air, dark eyes and bad breath, floating teeth, epistaxis, intestinal wind and dirty, hemorrhoid leakage and so on. So don't take it lightly and take it by mistake, so that all diseases can be brought into play immediately and caution is the best. (Classic of Materia Medica)
Pepper, remove the cold phlegm in the stomach, spit water, and vomit immediately after eating, which is very effective. ("Herbal Yi Yan")
Pepper is hotter than Sichuan pepper. Anyone suffering from fire cold, phlegm food accumulation, intestinal slippery cold dysentery, malicious abdominal pain, stomach cold vomiting, floating heat toothache has curative effect. A cold can be removed and a disease can heal itself. (seeking truth from materia medica)
Pepper, spicy, is pure yang, suitable for people with cold and wet stomach. Heat patients eat it, heat hurts qi, and yin suffers from it. When Jane is addicted to it, she will be ill for several years, but she won't doubt it. Later, she will gradually know its disadvantages, so she will never be tortured by it again, and she will only eat one or two pills, even if it is dizzy or astringent. This is something that the ancients have never tried. Geisin was out of breath and hot all over.
Note: Pepper can be divided into black and white. When the fruit at the base of the ear begins to turn red, cut off the ear, dry it in the sun or dry it in the sun, and then turn it into dark brown. Pick the fruit, which is commonly known as' black pepper'. If all the fruits have turned red, they are harvested, soaked in water for several days, wiped off the exocarp, dried in the sun, and the surface is grayish white, commonly known as' white pepper'.