1, women are more likely to have children when they are fat.
"Eat more and see how you are so thin and pregnant?" Presumably, we often hear such "old people's words" in our lives, and there is also a saying that plump women are "good-natured" among the people. Is it easy to get pregnant when you are fat?
In the eyes of obstetricians, this must be a misunderstanding. Appropriate nutrition increase is necessary, but overnutrition and even obesity will have many adverse effects on pregnancy. Obesity not only affects the probability of pregnancy, but also affects the health of the fetus during pregnancy, and the risks of birth defects, abortion and death before and after birth are relatively increased. Therefore, it is suggested that obese women should have pre-pregnancy consultation before preparing for the second child, and moderately and severely obese women should start preparing for pregnancy through diet and exercise adjustment from 1-2 years ago.
The vitality of overnourished eggs decreases, which affects fertilization.
After the liberalization of the two-child policy, there are not a few obese pregnant women. Li Yingtao, director of obstetrics in the Third Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said that obese women are prone to various difficulties in the process of pregnancy preparation. Once pregnant, it will increase some health risks and bring great challenges to doctors.
Studies at home and abroad show that overweight and obesity are one of the causes of male and female infertility. This is because obese women are often overnourished, which will reduce the vitality of eggs and affect fertilization. Not only that, female obese patients are often accompanied by menstrual disorders, thick body hair, multiple acne on the face and other problems, which are all due to endocrine disorders caused by obesity, which in turn leads to metabolic syndrome. These diseases include polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism and so on. , causing feminization and even infertility.
Obesity increases the risk of pregnancy and affects the results of prenatal examination.
In fact, everyone can know a little about the health hazards caused by obesity, but during pregnancy, traditional views always make us too tolerant of obesity.
Li Yingtao introduced that the adverse effects of obesity on pregnancy are manifested in many aspects. For example, the risk of gestational diabetes in obese women is 1.5~20 times that of normal women; Obese people are prone to pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, which is 2-3 times higher than normal people; Obesity is easy to cause birth defects, abortion and death before and after birth; When obesity is complicated with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, it is necessary to induce labor in advance, which will lead to higher perinatal fetal mortality.
In addition, obese mothers are often weak in abdominal muscles and prone to hypotonic contractions, resulting in stagnation of labor; Obesity can also lead to the increase of overdue pregnancy, so forceps delivery, negative pressure suction and cesarean section also increase, and the neonatal mortality rate is higher than normal.
Obese women have difficulty in prenatal examination, fetal position fixation and delivery because of thick abdominal wall fat; If cesarean section is needed, it is inconvenient to operate, and it is easy to liquefy the wound fat after operation, which leads to poor healing and increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and puerperal infection.
First, distinguish between simple obesity and symptomatic obesity.
Obese pregnant women can't lose weight through surgery or drugs during pregnancy, so they can only take preventive strategies, so it is best to control their weight before pregnancy to avoid excessive weight gain.
Li Yingtao suggested that obese women need to consult a professional doctor before pregnancy. They can go to endocrinology, respiratory medicine, cardiovascular medicine, digestive medicine or general surgery to preliminarily judge the causes of obesity and overweight, and screen whether there are obesity-related complications such as diabetes, hypertension, fatty liver, apnea hypopnea syndrome and hyperlipidemia.
Director Li introduced that there are many reasons for obesity, which can be divided into simple obesity and symptomatic obesity. Knowing the reasons can effectively reduce weight and control weight before pregnancy.
Simple obesity is related to lack of exercise, lifestyle and education. Among them, unreasonable dietary structure is the main cause of obesity. The diet of obese women is often too high in calories, fat and carbohydrates, and the nutritional ratio of the three is out of balance, especially animal foods and foods with high fat content.
Symptomatic obesity includes endocrine abnormalities (hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes); Drug-induced obesity (using adrenocortical hormone, antipsychotics, insulin, etc.). ); Central obesity (dysfunction of hypothalamus and cortex).
Dieting is not the best choice to lose weight before pregnancy.
Controlling pre-pregnancy weight is very important for obese women to prepare for pregnancy. Director Li suggested that obese women should lose weight and control their weight from 1-2 years before pregnancy. Dieting is not the best choice to lose weight before pregnancy. It is scientific and reasonable to control diet and exercise. The goal of losing weight is to lose more than 5%, and the key is to establish a healthy lifestyle.
First, a balanced diet.
On the basis of the balance of dietary nutrients, the principle of reducing the daily total calorie intake is "low energy, low fat, suitable for high-quality protein" (such as fish, eggs, bean products, chicken, milk, etc. ).
Don't overeat, chew slowly and prolong the eating time; You can eat less and eat more to reduce hunger. Professional nutritionists can also give professional nutrition guidance, learn simple diet planning methods, such as share control, healthy food selection, and suggest total control, nutritional balance and food diversification.
Secondly, moderate exercise.
Pregnant obese women should have at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day. Do at least 180 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (50%~70% of the maximum heart rate) every week for at least 5 days, and do not exercise for more than 2 consecutive days.
Reduce sedentary time, especially avoid sedentary (> 90 minutes). Moderate intensity exercise is suitable for exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, playing badminton, table tennis, dancing, swimming, aerobics, dancing, cycling, skipping rope and climbing stairs.
In addition, Director Li reminded that pregnant women should also pay attention to adequate sleep, adjust psychological stress and maintain emotional stability.
What is obesity?
Body mass index greater than 28, waist circumference greater than 80 cm.
Women can judge whether they are obese by body mass index (BMI). Body mass index = weight (kg)/height (m) squared. According to the obesity standard drawn up by the World Health Organization (WHO), the normal range of body mass index (BMI) is 18.5~24.9kg/m2, 25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 30kg/m2 is overweight, and BMI ≥30kg/m2 is obesity. However, this is based on white research data. In 2004, the China office of the International Society for Life Sciences (ILSI) put forward the standard of body mass index for China people, with body mass index < 18.5 as underweight, 18.5kg/m2 ≤ 24kg/m2 as the normal range, and 24kg/m2 ≤ 28kg/m2 as the body mass index.
In addition, waist circumference and body fat can also be used as obesity assessment tools. If a woman's waist circumference exceeds 80 cm, she is considered obese. But even if the weight is not heavy, the waist circumference is not big. If the body fat of women over 30 years old exceeds 30%, it is also considered an obese group.
Nanfang Daily reporter Li correspondent during the day
2. How do women have children?
1, age
The decline of a woman's age directly determines her fertility. Whether it is good or not depends mainly on her physical quality. The younger a woman is, the easier it is to have children, which is most in line with the reproductive age range. The older you get, the greater the chance of having a boy, and the safer and smoother the production process, because women have strong fertility and good personal health when they are young. Then it is also a good guarantee for ovarian function, and individual fertility will also be improved because of these factors. Therefore, if you want to have a boy, female friends must take the opportunity and never drag themselves into older women.
2. Living habits
Every woman's living habits also directly determine her fertility, and in the process of fertility, because the individual's physique is very healthy, the risk of fertility is minimized, so for daily living habits, healthier living habits will greatly promote fertility, especially those female friends who like health preservation very much. In the process of pregnancy, they know how to take probiotics to improve the alkaline constitution, so that their bodies can be conditioned by the alkaline constitution to the greatest extent.
3. Know how to be self-disciplined
Women who know self-discipline generally like sports very much in their lives and are very strict about their three meals a day. They will never overeat and eat junk food casually, so that women's fertility can be greatly improved. The quality of women's eggs is also guaranteed, so they generally know how to control their own bodies and know how to adjust according to their actual situation. Such women are very prone to pregnancy. And the constitution after pregnancy is also very healthy. It won't be difficult to give birth to a boy. It will maximize the chances of pregnancy and provide a very good nutritious living environment for the fetus, so that the child's physique will be healthier in the future.