Poison is a kind of poison, and its forms are mainly manifested in four kinds: poisonous insect poison, animal poison, plant poison and article poison. All kinds of mysterious ideas attached to it are directly related to the ideological characteristics of a specific era, the level of social productivity and the purpose of animal husbandry. In primitive times, law was just a disease name, which was called law disease at that time. For example, the disease of the marquis of Jin Dynasty was called the disease of law in Zuo AD, and "On Collection of Collected Works of Yu Su" said: "The kidney transmission of the spleen is called hernia, and the abdomen is warm and painful, then the disease is called the disease of law and is white." The ancient diseases at that time mainly referred to nephropathy, schistosomiasis and hepatitis. The method of the Zhou Dynasty mainly refers to poisonous insects in nature, such as cockroaches that can shoot people with sand. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were poisonous insects in nature and parasites in human body. Poisoning methods in the pre-Qin era mostly refer to naturally occurring poisonous insects, mainly including water method, moth method and spectre method. After the Han Dynasty, people associated witchcraft with black witchcraft, and witchcraft began to become complex and mysterious. The "witchcraft disaster" during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty caused the biggest unjust prison in history. There were exorcists in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and dogs spread rabies in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the Sui Dynasty, the ghost cat was summoned by a spell to steal money. What is particularly ridiculous is that Emperor Yang Di used magic to steal beautiful women, and in the Tang Dynasty, he also used magic to fight in the court. Chinese medicine attaches great importance to the treatment of curses, and there are records of witchcraft in Dunhuang unearthed documents. There was a disgusting trick of gold silkworm in the Song Dynasty. There was a life-picking method in the Yuan Dynasty and a rice field tree method in the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Yao Hezhuang's technique was also very shocking. In the Qing Dynasty, there were frog laws in Guangxi and divine laws in Fujian. For money and power, husband and wife sacrificed naked to God. [9] People regard law as the god of law or the king of medicine, and think that worshipping this god of law or the king of medicine can protect them and give them wealth and strength. All this is just an illusion.

2. What is the composition of poison?

A kind of performance ceremony and poison called "spell" is a basic part of the existence and development of ancient poison.

Method is actually a magical belief. For such a simple concept, whether it is conscious or unconscious, it has a tendency to act, and all kinds of related behaviors are derived from similar purposes and States. For the behavior classification of methods, I initially put forward the following types: first, spell method. This is the simplest and most basic form. The wizard's words can control each other and make them sick. Even some wizards' words have witchcraft effect, which is irony, and some wizards do harm through the power released by hatred. Such as "Beiqin, Bei Ya and Beina" in Longzhou, Pingxiang, Jingxi and Napo of Zhuang nationality in southern Guangxi, are obvious examples. The second is the contract law. Various nationalities have various names for methods, but after careful analysis, there is only one thing. Behind these methods, one thing is related to the special power of methods. Not everyone can master the method, only those special people can master it. This special power is the medicine king hidden behind the method. Those who master the method seem to have to sign a contract with the drug king and constantly release the method to harm people. This is different from the concepts of magic and witchcraft in western academic circles. The word magic has more than one meaning: it is not only related to special power, but also related to the fuzziness of utility expressed in scientific terms. Magic, like magic, cannot be mastered by everyone, only those special people can master it, so it is impossible for everyone to understand it. Third, the magic method. For this kind of magic, people think that it is mostly mastered by witches and ghosts. It can be inherited or learned. This is the type of chicken ghost in Longzhou, Tiandeng and other places. For magic, you must release the damage on the 15th of each month, or you will bring about your own destruction. All these spells were created by inventors with their own wisdom, and their essence is to influence and dominate objective things through concrete actions of subjective fantasy.

3. What is the logic of poison application?

Dharma is a kind of black witchcraft handed down from ancient times. As witchcraft, its system and structure can be divided into "theoretical witchcraft" and "pseudo-skill". Theoretical witchcraft is also called "pseudoscience" because it is a distorted system of natural laws, and the thinking mode of its cognitive system can not correctly reflect the "truth" of the objective world, and it is a set of wrong guidelines to guide actions. The so-called "pseudo-technology", in popular terms, is magic, which was created by the inventor of witchcraft with his own wisdom. It fantasizes about the phenomenon of influencing and dominating objective things through concrete subjective actions. "Theoretical witchcraft" is not a guiding principle that spell creators must follow, but an abstract principle summarized by researchers through exploring the commonness of various spells. The essence of these abstract principles is a summary of some ways of thinking of human beings, and they are also abstract principles on which ancient scientific and technological civilization was built. The study of various specific spells that make up this method shows that this method is based on two ways of thinking: one is analogy thinking. This way of thinking is hidden behind the belief in magic, which embodies a basic way of thinking for human beings to master and understand the world. This way of thinking cannot be measured by modern scientific thinking standards. The application of analogical thinking in science is based on known or understood cases to illustrate phenomena that have not been fully understood. In the process of application, we can produce a prediction about the interpreter, and then check whether this prediction is correct through observation and confirmation. Although the method of poison is also based on analogy, it forcibly transfers some characteristics to people or things, which cannot be measured by the experimental experience standard of scientific activities, otherwise it can only be misunderstood. For example, in the production process of the method, Longzhou, Napo, Pingxiang and Jingxi used a nest of more than three milk swallows to soak in water. If any of them curl up and die, they are considered male and female. Their situation of life and death intertwined until death is very similar to that of men and women in love. So it's basic to use it as a method. The analogical thinking of taking images is widespread in primitive society, and there are still remnants in modern society. This is one of the main reasons for the existence of superstition and cult organizations in modern society. The second is the contact law. Its basic concept is that once things touch each other, they will always keep some connection, even if they are far apart. For example, the Yi people in Yunnan have a poison called love medicine. If a bird falls to the ground and dies, scraping some powder at the place where the bird died becomes poison. If you give it to an outsider, you can control it. Its application thought is also based on the law of contact.

4. Who will keep cockroaches? Where is the main area where poison circulates? Who abides by the law in China?

The people who raise magic are basically poor and marginalized. Among these magicians, there are men, women and children of all ethnic groups and regions, but most of them are adult women. Women's witchcraft and witchcraft are recorded in Qu Fei's Generation Beyond the Ridge in the Song and Zhou Dynasties, Li's Notes on South Vietnam in the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Xintai's Notes on Traveling in Guangdong, and New Stories of Southern Yunnan in the Qing Dynasty. These adult women are called "aunts", such as Pingxiang in Longzhou, "North Asia, Qin Xin and Beina" in Jingxi, and Wuming, Mashan and Shanglin are called "Mufa". They think that these aunts' words have witchcraft effect, but in fact they are all satire. An adult woman was accused of grazing innocently, and the persecution of her was unprecedented cruelty. For the characteristics of this kind of adult women, Chinese and foreign views are the same. "The witch in the traditional stereotype is an adult woman who lives alone. She doesn't conform to men's views on women's normal behavior. She is too confident, doesn't need love, doesn't give love (although she can be a witch), doesn't serve men, doesn't raise children, and doesn't care about the weak. She has the power of a spell and relies on it to protect herself and curse others. In addition, she may have other more mysterious forces that are not taken from the established order. In order to make a living, all witches threaten men's authority with their unique power, and social order depends on women who conform to men's ideal female behavior. Therefore, if a woman is identified as a witch, not only men, but also women and children will oppose her. " [10] These indicate that the origin of this method may have some connection with matriarchal society. After entering the patriarchal clan system, especially since entering the class society, the status of women has gone from bad to worse. In men's eyes, women are unclean, especially their menstrual bleeding once a month, which is considered to be the most filthy, just like that horrible method, which is very horrible. Here, people think that women are vicious, and such women are accused of being witches for no reason, because it is generally believed that adult women who live alone do not have appropriate offensive outlets.