1. Keep the room at an appropriate temperature and humidity. The room temperature of patients with chronic bronchitis should be relatively stable, generally 65 08 ~ 20℃ is appropriate. There should be heating facilities in winter. When heating with a coal stove, it is forbidden to make the room temperature rise and fall, which will make patients catch a cold and aggravate their illness. At the same time, due to the dry air and high room temperature in winter, the patient's respiratory mucosa will be dry and sore throat, which will make the sputum more viscous and difficult to cough up. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately increase the indoor humidity, such as using an air humidifier, or putting water in a container that is easy to conduct heat, such as an aluminum lunch box, on the heater and heating with a coal stove. The kettle can be placed on the coal stove to humidify the air. The relative humidity of the room should be 50% ~ 60%.
2, often open the window for ventilation. Because many patients with chronic bronchitis know that colds can easily induce respiratory infections, in winter, the room is always closed with doors and windows, so it is easy not to go out. In fact, window ventilation can release indoor dirty air and replace it with fresh air, which not only reduces the density of pathogenic microorganisms in the air, reduces the spread of respiratory diseases, but also avoids the adverse reactions such as irritability, burnout, dizziness and loss of appetite caused by dirty air. Therefore, it is very important to properly open windows to increase ventilation times and keep indoor air circulating and fresh.
3, avoid harmful and irritating gas stimulation. Patients with chronic bronchitis should pay special attention to avoid the stimulation of respiratory tract by harmful and irritating gases such as smoke, dust and gas. Wet sweeping and bed sweeping can be used, that is, a layer of wet towel is wrapped around the broom for cleaning, or cleaning can be carried out without patients to prevent dust from flying. It is best to install an exhaust fan or range hood in the kitchen to avoid the irritation of fishy smell and spicy lampblack to the respiratory tract.
Develop good living habits
1, quit smoking. Studies at home and abroad have proved that smoking is closely related to the occurrence of chronic bronchitis. The longer you smoke, the more you smoke and the higher the prevalence rate. After quitting smoking, symptoms can be alleviated or disappeared. Therefore, smokers should quit smoking.
2, strengthen nutrition, reasonable diet. Because of the long course of disease, weak gastrointestinal function, less food intake and long-term massive expectoration, patients ingest more protein, which leads to nutritional deficiency and decreased resistance. In cold winter, patients should be given light and digestible foods with high protein, high calorie and vitamins, such as lean meat, fish, eggs, walnuts, bean products, fresh vegetables and fruits. Honey, yam, ginkgo, walnut, pear, loquat, etc. It has a certain therapeutic effect on elderly patients with chronic bronchitis and can be eaten properly. Patients should avoid cold, greasy and spicy food and control salt intake.
Asthmatic bronchitis is mostly caused by allergies. Shrimp skin, dried shrimps, crabs, pickles and moldy foods can all induce the attack of bronchial asthma and should be avoided. If you have a bad appetite, you can give a semi-liquid or liquid diet and pay attention to adjusting the color and flavor of the food.
Patients should be encouraged to drink more water, at least 3000 ml per day, keep the respiratory tract moist and dilute the sputum, which is beneficial to expectoration.
3. Get dressed and keep warm. Elderly patients with chronic bronchitis have poor cold tolerance, are weak and afraid of cold, and encounter cold stimulation, which is easy to cause colds and upper respiratory tract infections. Investigation shows that about 80% of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis can cause acute bronchitis after catching a cold. Therefore, clothes should be increased or decreased in time according to the weather changes, and masks and scarves should be worn when going out in winter. As the saying goes, "A cold starts with the feet", and patients with chronic bronchitis should pay special attention to keeping their feet warm.