In Zhuangzi's view, the biggest defect of the shape-keeping school is that it is promising and violates the laws of pure nature. He said: "To repair a shape, you must use things first, and those who have more than enough things have them." If you are alive, you must first stay in shape, and those who live and die in shape have it. "
In other words, keeping in shape is inseparable from things, including all kinds of daily necessities. In order to obtain these things, it is necessary to work hard on the body, resulting in mental losses, which is exactly contrary to the purpose of health preservation.
Zhuangzi criticized "conformal" by grasping some unnatural deaths in life. He said: "People in the world think that keeping the shape is enough to survive, but keeping the shape of the fruit is not enough to survive."
Zhuangzi believes that everything is born of heaven and earth, and when Yin and Yang are mixed, it becomes a constitution, and when the breath disappears, it returns to the early Yuan Dynasty. Life and death are out of your control. "You can't be born with it, but you can't stop it." In that case, fitness is useless.
In view of the defects of physical cultivation, Zhuangzi put forward the idea of "nourishing the mind". He said: "husband is cold and lonely, doing nothing, this world is peaceful, and the quality of morality is also ... endless work is harmful, and intensive use is exhausting." The nature of water is clear if it is not mixed, flat if it does not move, and closed if it does not flow. This is also the image of heaven. Therefore, it is said: clear but not miscellaneous, static and unchanged, light and inaction, moving and heaven, this way of nourishing the spirit is also. "
Zhuangzi further pointed out that the most important thing to recuperate is to require a high degree of concentration. "No matter how ambitious you are, you will be condensed in God.". Ambition is the mind. If you concentrate your mind, you can achieve a state of concentration. And to do this, we must go through strict training.