Xianyang is located in the hinterland of Qinchuan, Shaanxi Province, with the Weihe River running through the south and clear mountains and rivers, hence the name Xianyang. It is adjacent to the provincial capital Xi in the east, Yangling National Agricultural High-tech Industrial Demonstration Zone in the west and Gansu in the northwest. The whole city governs 1 city 2 districts 10 counties, with a total area of 10 196 square kilometers and a total population of 5160,000. Xianyang has beautiful scenery, four distinct seasons, rich products and outstanding people. It is the first stop of the ancient Silk Road and the crossroads leading to the northwest of China. With a history of more than 2,350 years, Xianyang is a Class A open city in China, a national historical and cultural city, a national double-support model city, a national health city, the first charming city in China, a geothermal city in China, the top ten livable cities in China, the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China, an advanced city in the creation of national spiritual civilization, and a famous health care cultural city in China.
With unique geographical advantages, it is a new hub of national three-dimensional transportation. Xianyang is located in the center of the motherland's territory and the origin of China. It has been an important town in the west since ancient times. Today's Xianyang is the most convenient city connecting the northwest with the world. It has one of the six major airports in China, the largest export airport and inland port in northwest China. From here, you can fly to more than 40 important cities in China within one hour. Adjacent to the largest railway station under construction in Asia, there are 9 railways and 6 expressway in China, and the only intersection of Beijing-Kunming and Urumqi-Shanghai high-speed railways under construction is also here. Xianyang will form a "one-day traffic circle" from land to other important cities. By then, it will take only four hours to get from Xianyang to Beijing and five hours to get to Shanghai by train, which will surely put wings on Xianyang's development.
Historical humanities are profound and profound, and it is a natural museum of Chinese civilization. Xianyang, located at the beginning of China's long history and culture, is an important birthplace of Qin and Han culture. The capital of Qin Shihuang is Xianyang, which makes it "the first imperial capital of China" and makes Xianyang a well-known place in China. Xianyang is full of Qin bricks and Han tiles, and there are as many as 495 1 piece of cultural relics in the territory. Twenty-eight tombs of Han and Tang emperors, such as the Changling Mausoleum of Emperor Gaozu, the Yangling Mausoleum of Emperor Jingdi, the Maoling Mausoleum of Emperor Wudi, the Zhaoling Mausoleum of Emperor Taizong, Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian, are endless and unparalleled in the world, and are known as the "Pyramid Capital of China". Without Shaanxi, we can't appreciate the history of China, and without Xianyang, we can't appreciate the glory of Qin and Han Dynasties and the infiltration and nourishment of China's original ecological culture. The famous Shang Yang reform in the history of China began in Xianyang, and the unified measurement method founded by Qin had far-reaching influence. The cultural elements created by Qin are innovative, open, innovative and enterprising, and honest and promising, which are the inexhaustible motive force for us to innovate constantly on the basis of practice and realize the great rejuvenation of the nation.
Modern industry has a solid foundation and is the bridgehead for implementing the strategy of developing the western region. Xianyang gave birth to China's farming civilization, and Hou Ji, the ancestor of agriculture, taught people to cultivate crops here. It is the "cabbage heart" of grain production in Guanzhong, which provides more than 2 million tons of commodity grain for the country every year, especially high-quality flour, and enjoys a high reputation in Sanqin. With an annual output of more than 4 million tons of fruit, it is the only best eugenic area in the world that meets the seven indicators of apple production, and it is the largest high-quality apple production base in China. More than 10% of the high-quality apples in China come from Xianyang, and one sixth of the concentrated juice in the world comes from Xianyang. At the same time, it is also the largest pollution-free boutique vegetable production base in Shaanxi, and its sales scope radiates northwest. Xianyang is also rich in natural resources such as groundwater, coal, limestone and geothermal. Today, Xianyang is an important industrial city in the northwest, the largest electronic industrial base in the northwest, and an important energy, chemical and textile industrial base in Shaanxi. It has formed a relatively complete industrial system with nine industries as the main body, including energy and chemical industry, equipment manufacturing, electronics, medicine, textiles, food, building materials, aviation logistics and solar photovoltaic, which has laid a solid foundation for the future development of the city.
With a beautiful and pleasant ecological environment, it is a modern and livable city where nature and humanity complement each other. Xianyang's natural landscape and human landscape complement each other, and it is an important tourist destination in the west. Weihe River, Jinghe River and Fenghe River meet in China, and 4 million mu of forest land is lush and the natural conditions are pleasant. The "five gods" such as magic knife, magic needle, magic pulse, magic bag and magic doctor are famous all over the country, and the "six therapies" such as dietotherapy, medical treatment, medication, hydrotherapy, pedicure and tea treatment stand out, attracting 65,438+at home and abroad every year. In recent years, we have devoted ourselves to creating beautiful, romantic and warm urban homes, and built a number of classical landscapes of Qin and Han dynasties with distinctive themes, and the whole city is full of rich ancient charm of Qin Feng. The landscape of "Xianyang Lake" composed of Weihe River water is rippling, adding aura and attracting popularity to Xianyang. In the past five years, Xianyang's air quality has remained above Grade II for more than 300 days, and the urban greening rate and per capita green area rank among the top cities in the north. Today, Xianyang has become a famous city of health culture in China, one of the top ten livable cities in China and a charming city in China, which makes everyone in Xianyang feel proud and envied by every outsider.
The development prospect is infinitely broad, and it is the big engine for the development of Xi 'an (Xianyang) international metropolis in the future. Xianyang has a golden historical opportunity, and the bright future of its development is enviable. The State Council's Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone Development Plan clearly stated that Xi (Xianyang) should be built into a modern international metropolis with an urban population of100000. By then, the 10 km long Fenghe River will become a clear water corridor, and the Weihe River will become the river of our city. In the past, Qin Dou's magnificent momentum of "phoenix tail running through the capital, bridge crossing the south, driving cattle by law" will reappear in Xianyang, a Xianyang with rich cultural background, a Xianyang with a more open and accelerated rise, and a Xianyang with sky blue and green land and more charm.
Introduction to Xianyang
Xianyang City is located in the middle of Guanzhong Plain, both at the southern foot of Jiujun Mountain and north of Weishui. Shan Zhinan is called Yang, and the north of the water is also called Yang, hence the name Xianyang. Xianyang is the first place in the history of China where the feudal dynasty and the A Qin dynasty unified China. The length from north to south is 145km, the widest from east to west is 106km, and the area is 10 196km2. It has jurisdiction over Xingping, Qin Dou and Weicheng, Wugong, Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan, Ganxian, Yongshou, Binxian, Changwu, Xunyi, Chunhua 10, 2 16 townships, 8 sub-district offices and 3,843 administrative villages. The population is 5 1.6 million.
Terrain: it is stepped from southeast to northwest, and it is divided into three units: one is the Weihe River and Jinghe Plain in the south, accounting for about1/5 of the total area; The second is the central platform area, which also accounts for about1/5 of the total area; Third, the northern plateau hilly area, accounting for about 3/5 of the total area. There are 1 1 rocky mountains in China, which are concentrated in the north. The urban area is 378-42 1 m above sea level. Shimen Mountain in the northeast is 1885.3 meters above sea level, which is the highest point in the city. The lowest place in the urban area is the Qinghe exit of Dacheng Town, Sanyuan County, southeast China, with an altitude of 362 meters. The mountainous areas in the territory are concentrated in the north-central part, mainly Malan Mountain and Shimen Mountain in the residual vein of Ziwuling, the central mountainous area, Bijia Mountain and Jiujun Mountain, and the North Zhongshan Mountain and Wufeng Mountain are arranged in turn from south to north.
Climate: Due to the topographical features, it is divided into two climatic zones with obvious differences: the southern plain has mild climate and distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature is 12℃ and the frost-free period is 2 13 days. In the gully region of the northern plateau, the climate is slightly cold, and winter and spring are slightly longer. The annual average temperature is below 10℃, and the frost-free period is 180 days. The average annual precipitation in the whole territory is 500-600 mm, increasing from south to north, with 50% concentrated in July, August and September. It often rains for a long time.
River: Jinghe River enters from the northwest and flows into Weihe River to the southeast. Weihe River flows from west to east along the southern boundary, forming a "human" water system. Its large and small river ditches, like capillaries, are injected into the two arteries of Jingwei respectively.
Mineral resources: mainly coal, iron, limestone, clay, iron ore, marble, etc. 16. The northern part of the city belongs to the "black belt" of Weibei, with coal reserves exceeding 654.38+000 billion tons, making it the second largest coalfield in Shaanxi. The central limestone reserves are 4 billion cubic meters.
Economy: Cultivated land is 4 1.54 million hectares, which is the main grain and cotton production base in Shaanxi. There are 9 provincial-level high-quality commodity grain base counties and 6 national-level high-quality commodity grain base counties in the city, and the per capita grain output ranks first in Shaanxi, providing more than 500 million kilograms of commodity grain every year. Diversified management has formed a 15 commodity base with cotton, apples, flue-cured tobacco, vegetables, caged chickens and pigs as the main products. In particular, new varieties such as "Red Fuji" apples have won many national and provincial quality fruit awards. Vigorously develop high-quality varieties such as Liquan Short Rich, Royal Gala and American No.8. American Red Globe Grapes have established 200 hectares of development demonstration parks in Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan and Yongshou. Livestock are mainly livestock and poultry, which are the main producing areas of Guanzhong donkey and Qinchuan cattle. Dairy goats have developed rapidly and become one of the dairy goat bases in Shaanxi. There are 50,000 hectares of natural secondary forests, and the dominant tree species are Quercus liaotungensis, Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla and Pinus tabulaeformis, with a total forest volume of 4.565 million cubic meters. 1 1.5 million hectares of grassland. Chinese herbal medicine is rich in resources, and 626 species have been found. Wild animal resources include birds 14, 30 families 140 species.
Xianyang is a new industrial city, which has formed an industrial system with textile, electronics, coal, petrochemical and machinery as the main body. After more than 50 years of development, the textile industry has formed a complete system of cotton spinning, wool spinning, chemical fiber, printing and dyeing, clothing, textile machinery and textile research, and has become the leading industry in the city to earn foreign exchange through export, accounting for13 of the textile industry in the province. The electronic industry has become an emerging industry with strong strength and high technical equipment level. 13 the largest color picture tube factory in China, Shaanxi color picture tube general factory and other large and medium-sized electronic enterprises are concentrated in the western suburbs of the city, with an annual output value accounting for nearly half of the province's electronic industry. Qin Dou is known as "Textile Electronic City". Xianyang has become the largest fruit production and processing base, livestock product production and processing base, electronic industry base, energy and chemical industry base, medical and health care base and textile industry base in Shaanxi.
Transportation: Longhai Railway runs through the east and west, where Xi 'an (Yang) Tongchuan (An) Hancheng Railway and Longhai Line meet; West (An)-Lanzhou (Zhou), 2 1 1 National Highway, Xian (Yang)-Song (Jiachuan), (An)-Bao (Ji), (An)-Tong (Chuan) and other highway trunk lines extend in all directions, and counties and towns have realized oilization. The completed high-grade highways from Xi to Tianshui and from Xi to Tongchuan pass through the territory. The ancient crossing of Xianyang for thousands of years has been replaced by railways and highway bridges across the Weihe River. Xi Xianyang International Airport is the fourth largest airport in China, with more than 80 international and domestic routes.
Scenic spots and historical sites: there are more than 5,000 cultural relics and historical sites in the city, including national cultural relics 12 and 73 provincial cultural relics. Ganling is world-famous. It is the first tomb in China history where Emperor Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Empress Wu Zetian were buried together. There are 27 imperial tombs such as Zhaoling (the tomb of Emperor Taizong), Maoling (the tomb of Liang Wudi) and Yangling (the tomb of Emperor Jingdi) and 256 tombs buried with them, forming a spectacular group of imperial tombs stretching for hundreds of miles. There are also the Qushou site in Zheng Guoqu, the Great Buddha Temple in Binxian County, the main hall of Tang Zhaore Temple, and the tomb of Yang Guifei. Xianyang is a famous historical and cultural city in China.
geographical position
Xianyang is located in the hinterland of Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province, between east longitude107 38' and north latitude10910', and north latitude 341'and 35 32', facing Xi 'an across the sea in the south. The total area of the city is 102 13 square kilometers, with a total population of 5 million. It has jurisdiction over 2 districts, 1 city,1county, 169 townships and 3736 administrative villages.
Xianyang has been a transportation hub since ancient times. The north of Xianyang in ancient times was related to the Jinghe River basin leading to Hexi Corridor. Nanweishui holds the world; West to west; East of Jingwei intersection. Zuo Zhu believed that the right controlled Long Shu, and the military strategists fought for war. Weihe River bends to the northeast here, forming the dividing line between East Avenue and West Avenue in Guanzhong. Since ancient times, people from the Central Plains and Chang 'an who traveled to and from Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and New Zealand have crossed the Weihe River here. Xianyang has become the transportation hub of the Central Plains, with Yangguan in the west, Xiaoguan in the north and Chang 'an in the east. Later, the Longhai, Xian Tong and Western Han railways were connected here, and the roads extended in all directions. Xianyang International Airport is one of the largest airports in China, initially forming a big traffic pattern of highway, railway and civil aviation.
In recent years, under the correct guidance of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, the whole city has insisted on developing transportation as a strategic measure to enrich the people and strengthen the city and build a strong city in the west, and has fully implemented the leap-forward development strategy of transportation, seized opportunities and accelerated development, and the city's transportation has made brilliant achievements.
1. Highway: By the end of 2008, the total highway mileage in the city was 4,683.933 kilometers, and the highway density was 45.87 kilometers per 100 square kilometers. According to the management units, the highway mileage managed by Provincial Expressway Group and Jiao Jian Group is 301.22km (excluding the expressway around the city), the national highway mileage managed by Xianyang Highway Administration Bureau is 859,866, and the rural highway mileage managed by municipal tunnels is 3,523.602km.. Rural roads in the city are 3386.929 kilometers, including county roads 1590.999 kilometers, township roads 1662.57 kilometers, and private roads 133.36 kilometers. According to technical classification: first-class highway173.15km, second-class highway 520.828km, third-class highway 1738.582km, fourth-class highway 1968.003km and peripheral highway 86.9/. At present, there are 3,685 administrative villages in 176 townships, and the total mileage of existing village-level roads is 1 1869 kilometers (including production roads). At present, the village-level highway with oil road (cement road) is 6700 kilometers, connecting 3289 administrative villages and 238 administrative villages.
2. Railway: Xianyang Locomotive Depot governs 20 stations of Longhai Line, Xian Tong Line and West Lake Branch Line, with a total length of 163km. In 2002, the cargo volume was 2810.76 million tons, the passenger volume was10.63 million person-times, and the total transportation revenue was 266.5859 million yuan, completing the annual plan.
3. Civil Aviation: Xi Xianyang International Airport is the largest airport in the northwest and one of the six aviation hubs in China. It is an important domestic trunk airport, international scheduled flight airport and regional central airport in China, only 9 kilometers away from the urban area. At present, the airport has established business relations with 26 airlines in 12 countries and regions, and with more than 90 major domestic cities and1/international airlines. An air transport network with Xi 'an as the center and connecting all parts of the motherland has been formed, including international routes to Japan, South Korea, Thailand and other countries, regional routes to Hong Kong and Macao, chartered flight routes to Singapore and Azerbaijan, and airport passenger throughput. The second phase of the project with a total investment of 7.3 billion yuan is under construction. After completion, the annual passenger throughput can reach more than 26 million passengers.
Climate environment
Xianyang city is located in the warm temperate zone, with continental monsoon climate, and the four seasons are hot, cold, dry and wet. Mild climate and abundant light, heat and water resources are beneficial to the development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline and fishery. The annual average precipitation is 537-650 mm, the annual average temperature is 9.0- 13.2 degrees Celsius, and the annual solar radiation is 4.61×109-4.99×109 joule/square meter. The average annual sunshine hours is 2017.2-2346.9 hours, and the sunshine hours in June, July and August account for about 32% of the whole year, which is very beneficial to the maturity of summer crops and the growth and development of autumn crops. Rich in natural resources. There are coal, limestone, clay, iron ore, marble, oil shale, petroleum, mineral water, geothermal water and other mineral resources. The proven coal reserves are 654.38+0.2 billion tons, and the raw coal production capacity is over 3 million tons. It is the second largest coal field in Shaanxi and the national energy reserve base. Limestone reserves are 500 billion tons, waiting for large-scale development. Geothermal area is 800 square kilometers. There are eight rivers in the territory, including Jinghe River, Weihe River, Fenghe River, Heihe River and Bahe River. Surface water runoff is more than 7 billion cubic meters, and groundwater comprehensive recharge is more than 7 billion cubic meters. The city has sufficient water supply. There are many kinds and wide distribution of cash crops, among which wild plants such as Hippophae rhamnoides, Astragalus membranaceus and Crataegus pinnatifida have great development and utilization value.
physical geography
◎ River water resources
The water resources in Xianyang city are mainly composed of river runoff and groundwater. The average self-produced surface runoff in the city for many years is 543 million cubic meters, the groundwater does not repeat 366 million cubic meters, and there are 6.079 billion cubic meters of inbound passenger water. Atmospheric precipitation is one of the main sources of surface runoff and groundwater recharge. The average annual rainfall is 567.9 mm, and the total annual rainfall is 5.86 billion cubic meters. The distribution of annual precipitation in various places shows the general trend of less in the south and more in the north.
This water system belongs to the Weihe River system in the Yellow River Basin. The main stream of Weihe River flows out from the southern edge, and the main tributaries flowing into the urban area are Qishui River, Xinhe River, Fenghe River, Jinghe River and Shichuan River, among which Jinghe River is the largest, forming two major water systems, Jinghe River and Weihe River. Rivers and canals 158, with an area of 100 km2, and 26 rivers with an area of 100 km2.
Groundwater resources are abundant, and the total water resources are165438+300 million cubic meters. There are 12 hot springs and 9 hot water caves. The per capita possession of water resources is 20.5% at the provincial level and 9.8% at the national level. It embodies the distribution law of the rich in the south and the poor in the north.
land resources
The total land area of the city is 10 19600 hectares, which can be divided into four categories according to the geomorphological characteristics: rocky mountains, hills, original sites and Sichuan roads. The soil distribution in Xianyang city belongs to the transition zone from the shrub cinnamon soil zone of semi-humid deciduous broad-leaved forest in warm temperate zone to the black loessial soil zone of semi-arid grassland in northern warm temperate zone. The northern part of Beishan belongs to the black loessial soil belt, and the southern part of Beishan belongs to the cinnamon soil belt. At the end of 200/kloc-0, the cultivated land area was 407,000 hectares, accounting for 39.9% of the total land area; Garden 1 18500 hectares, accounting for11.6%; Woodland179,800 hectares, accounting for17.6%; Grassland is 22,800 hectares, accounting for 2.2%. The cultivated land reclamation index of Xianyang City is 56.7%, which is much higher than the national and provincial average. The irrigated land area accounts for 48.3% of the total cultivated land area, which is higher than the national average.
Biological resources
Xianyang has a warm climate, moderate rainfall, complex terrain and vast land, which provides good conditions for biological reproduction. Plant resources are abundant. In 200 1 year, there are 50,000 hectares of natural secondary forests in the city, and the dominant tree species are Quercus liaotungensis, Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla and Pinus tabulaeformis. Robinia pseudoacacia is mainly planted in a large area, and poplar is mainly planted in the surrounding area. The total forest volume is 4.365 million cubic meters. 1 14700 hectares of grassland, and the theoretical carrying capacity is 15700 sheep units. Chinese herbal medicine is rich in resources and has a long history of development and utilization. In 200 1 year, as many as 626 species were found, distributed all over the city. Wild medicinal materials 138 species, 33 kinds of artificial medicinal materials. In addition, wild fruit plants, wild oil plants, fiber plants, spices and chemical raw materials plants all have certain reserves, but their development and utilization are not sufficient. There are more than 40 species of birds 14 orders and 30 families 14 families, and about 40 species of mammals/6 orders14 families. Wild animals with high economic value include raccoons, badgers, ferrets and songbirds.
◎ Mineral resources
22 kinds of mineral resources have been discovered in China, and 10 kinds have been developed and utilized, mainly including coal, iron, limestone, seasonal sandstone, clay, oil shale and petroleum. It is mainly concentrated in the central and northern Tai 'ao area, in which coal resources have the greatest economic value. Coal resources are concentrated in some areas of Binxian, Changwu, Xunyi, Chunhua and Yongshou counties. The proven reserves are1010 billion tons, and it is predicted to be about1500 million tons. The coal types are mainly unbonded coal and long flame coal, which are low metamorphic bituminous coal, with medium ash powder, low sulfur, low to medium phosphorus, low calorific value and high calorific value, and are good power coal and gasification coal. Limestone is an important mineral in Xianyang, second only to coal, with abundant reserves. It is mainly distributed in the northern mountainous areas of Ganxian County, Yongshou County, Liquan County, Chunhua County, Jingyang County and Sanyuan County in the central part, extending 75 kilometers from east to west, with good quality and large thickness, with an estimated reserve of 300 billion cubic meters. The content of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide in the ore is above 97% and 55% respectively. It is a high-quality ore for producing cement, calcium carbide, light calcium carbonate and calcined lime.
In April of 20021year, Xianyang ranked 90th in the national ranking of urban communication heat (prefecture-level cities) in 20021year.
In April, 20021,Xianyang was selected as one of the top 100 cultural cities in China in 20021.
In March of 20021year, Xianyang ranked 64th in the comprehensive strength ranking list of China in 20021year.
202 1, 1, the ranking of China urban science and technology innovation and development index was released in 2020, and Xianyang ranked 129.
202 1, 1, in 2020, the list of "Top Efficient Cities 100" in China was released, and Xianyang ranked 57th.
By the end of 65438+February 2020, Xianyang ranked 39th in the national ranking list of the number of urban universities, with 13 universities.
In June 2020 165438+ 10, the Central Civilization Office announced the sixth review of the list of national civilized cities with honorary titles, and Xianyang was selected.
From June 5438 to October 2020 10, Xianyang won the title of National Model City (County) with Double Support in 2020.
In June 2020, 5438+ 10, "Top Blue Sky Cities in China in 2020 100" was released, and Xianyang ranked 108.
In August 2020, the General Administration of Sports identified Xianyang as a national sports consumption pilot city.
In July 2020, the "2020 National Internet Celebrity Cities Ranking" was released, and Xianyang ranked 8 1.
In June, 2020, 20 19, the list of the best cities for studying in China was released, and Xianyang ranked 3 1 (on behalf of universities: Northwest A&F University).
In 2020, 20 19, the GDP ranking of cities in Shaanxi province was released, and Xianyang ranked fourth with 21953.3 billion yuan.
20 17, 1 1, Xianyang was included in the fifth national civilized city list and confirmed to retain the honorary title in the last national civilized city list.
On July 20 16, Xianyang was awarded the title of national model city (county) with double support.