Lao zi Lao zi

On February15th of the lunar calendar, a great man, Lao Zi, was born in Qurenli, Li Xiang Township, an ancient county in the east of Chu, which is now Taiqinggong Town, Lu Yi. He was a great philosopher, thinker and founder of Taoist school in ancient China, and was rated as one of the top 100 celebrities in the world today. As we all know, before Laozi, there were only some philosophical viewpoints in the society, and a systematic philosophical theory was formed from Laozi. Therefore, Lu Yi is not only a sacred fairyland, but also the birthplace of oriental philosophy.

According to Sima Qian's Historical Records (Volume 63) and Lao Zi Han Fei Biography, "Lao Zi was born in Qurenli, Chuku County, and his surname is Li. His name is Bai Yang, posthumous title Yong and Zhou Shoucang in history. Confucius must ask Laozi when he is suitable for the week. " Sima Zhen's "Historical Records" says: "The bitter history is also. Confucius must ask Laozi when he is suitable for the week. " Sima Zhen's Historical Records says: "The bitter county belongs to Chen, and Chu destroyed Chen in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the bitterness belongs to Chu, so it is a bitter county." Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics said: "I remember Lao Tzu's tablet on the edge of Shao, saying that Lao Tzu is Chu-like, empty and barren. Now, after all the hardships, the city still exists. It is in the east of the hometown, and the vortex water is in the sun "(the Wohe River was diverted from the south of Taiqing Palace to the north of Taiqing Palace in the early Yuan Dynasty). Looking through the national history of past dynasties, all kinds of ci books and famous works, as well as the annals of Henan Province, Moral Guidance, Luyi County Annals, Jiangnan Annals, Anhui Annals and Mizhou Zhi Zhi, it is clearly recorded that Laozi was born in Taiqinggong Town, Luyi County, Henan Province. Historians, philosophers, religious figures and experts on the elderly have all written books or published papers on the ancient evidence that Laozi was born in Taiqinggong Town, Lu Yi. According to the Records of Haozhou, Taiqing Palace is forty-five miles west of the city, and now it belongs to Lu Yi, the birthplace of Laozi. There are 200 volumes in Jiangnan Tongzhi (Anhui and Jiangsu are now collectively referred to as jiangnan province during the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty), and there is a Mistaken Mirror, which specifically researches the mistakes in the old records, including the research on Li Er. The conclusion is: "Li Er was born in Lu Yi, not Jiangnan. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Mizhou was adjacent to six counties. Now only Qiaocheng and Chengfu counties are in the south of the Yangtze River, and the rest belong to Henan. The old record of Fengyang characters in Li Er is wrong. " . In the reconstruction of Annals of Anhui Province, there are two records: "The Taiqing Palace is forty-five miles west of Bozhou, where I was pregnant, and the base address still exists. The old name was Amethyst Palace, and Tang Tianbao changed it in two years. " The other paragraph is: "Bozhou, Shiyuan, Chen Tuan, now Luyi County, Guide House, Henan Province, the old record was collected in Yingzhou, and it was mistaken for Laozi. I will break it." Write clearly and automatically correct past mistakes. 199 1 year, Xinhua News Agency reported in Hefei in May 10 that Bozhou, Anhui Province decided to hold the world symposium on Laozi, saying: "Laozi, also known as Yong, is an ancient thinker of the same age as Confucius and the founder of the Taoist school in China. His hometown is in Luyi County, Henan Province, which is adjacent to Bozhou." Seeking truth from facts is our traditional style of study and should be carried forward.

Laozi is an influential figure in the history of thought, culture and religion in China. Laozi is a man, but he is a god and a leader of Taoism. The masses all respect the old gentleman. Laozi has a historical evolution from man to god. In the Tang Dynasty, it was not sudden that I was named "Emperor Taizong Xuanyuan". Gai had already been named "Emperor Taizong Xuanyuan". From Sima Qian's point of view, "Gai Laozi is over 60 years old, or over 200 years old, to cultivate Buddhism and support his life." It shows that it has been circulated in the Western Han Dynasty that Laozi is a living immortal who has lived for hundreds of years. The inscription of Laozi written by Bian Shao in the Eastern Han Dynasty said: "Laozi was born of nature", and also said: "Laozi was separated from the chaotic vitality and began with the three lights". In the post-Han period, Laozi was completely deified and became a god and leader. So Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty made the Huang Lao Pagoda Hall in the palace, juxtaposing Huang Lao with the pagoda, the former being the first of Taoism and the latter being the first of Buddhism. The so-called "Huang Lao" here refers to Lao Zi. Thus, in the eighth year of Emperor Yan Xi (A.D. 165), Zuo Guan, a regular servant, was killed and went to Guxian to offer sacrifices to Lao Zi. In the ninth year of Yan Xi (166), Emperor Huan visited Lao Zi in the Dragon Palace. It can be seen that Lao Tzu has become a sacred leader at this time. Now there are Taoist temples all over the country. Taiqing Palace in Lu Yi was built in the eighth year of Han and Yan Xi, and Laojuntai was built in the early Tang Dynasty. The incense is enduring, and Laozi is honored by the masses as the old gentleman on the throne.

The 5,000-word Tao Te Ching left by Laozi is extensive and profound, which is a great treasure of Chinese culture-and the first masterpiece of China's philosophical ontology. Its contents involve philosophy, literature, military science, aesthetics, medicine, sociology, ethics, astronomy, and health preservation, and it is known as an encyclopedia. His theory of inaction, the dialectical theory of the transformation rate of one thing and two things, and the profound philosophy of "harmony between man and nature" have influenced China people's thoughts and behaviors for 2,500 years. As a cultural gene, it permeates people's lifestyles, lifestyles and ways of thinking. It affects China people's world outlook, outlook on life, values, aesthetics, outlook on life and death and other cultural concepts. Tao Te Ching has not only influenced the history of thought for 2,000 years since the Han Dynasty, but also attracted the attention of western thinkers and became one of the world's philosophical treasures. Since ancient times, there have been more than 3,000 commentators, and the publishing circulation ranks second in the world. Nowadays, the global "Laozi" is hot, and the study of old learning is unprecedentedly high. In recent years, international Lao Tzu academic seminars have been held in various places. 1993, Germany held an international symposium on Laozi; 1994, Lu Yi held an international symposium on Laozi; 1995, China Academy of Social Sciences held an international symposium on Taoist culture in Xi 'an. Such frequent international activities to study the elderly are unprecedented in history, pushing the study of the elderly to a new stage and reaching a new level.

On the one hand, Laozi's thought has a profound ideological and cultural foundation because it systematically summarizes the cultural traditions since ancient times; On the other hand, on the basis of inheritance, Laozi opened up a new direction of cultural development, and established a philosophical system with Tao as its ontology for the first time in the history of China, which laid a philosophical foundation for the cultural development of China. Laozi's thought has exerted an all-round influence on China culture and has a very positive significance for the development of modern culture. Laozi's greatest contribution in the history of China's philosophy is to point out that metaphysical Tao is the origin and foundation of all things in the universe, and to establish a systematic philosophical thought system with Tao as the core, including ontology, dialectical method, epistemology and philosophy of life. Laozi's ontological thinking and methodological thinking make "Tao" truly become the noblest concept and the most basic motive force in China's thought. From the following aspects, we can see that Laozi's philosophy is the basis of China's traditional philosophy: Taoism in pre-Qin, Taoism in Han Dynasty, metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Buddhism in Sui and Tang Dynasties, Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, and the introduction of Taoism, morality, being, nothingness, movement, quietness and infinity. Because Laozi's thought is an ideological system with rich concepts and has many in-depth and accurate views on nature, society and people, it has gained some special theoretical qualities, including many theoretical growth points and different ideological systems. Therefore, the development of modern China philosophy and China culture still needs to learn from Laozi's philosophy. Laozi's wisdom has guiding significance for solving various problems faced by modern human beings. He put forward the category of "Tao" as the root and foundation of life value. Laozi's "Tao" is not only the foundation of all things in the universe, but also the foundation of all things' existence and development. Metaphysical "Tao" has become a way of human behavior and life when it is implemented in the relationship between man and nature, man and society, and man and himself. In the relationship between man and nature, Lao Tzu emphasized the subjectivity of man and the objectivity of natural laws, and advocated that man should obey nature and oppose its plunder. In the relationship between individuals and others, and with groups, Laozi put forward the principle of "indisputable", and advocated solving disputes through setbacks, sharing weal and woe, and opposing fame and gain, so as to achieve harmonious coexistence between people and society. On the self-improvement of individual life, Laozi put forward "the way of long life and long vision". Laozi's thoughts not only have a great influence on the formation and development of China's traditional culture, but also provide positive wisdom for the current and future culture and life of mankind. We should carry forward the excellent traditional culture of the motherland, open up a harmonious world and create a beautiful world.

Thinker and founder of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period. Said, surnamed Li Minger, the word Bo Yang, Guxian (now Luyi County, Henan Province) people. He was a historian in charge of book collection in the Zhou Dynasty. Confucius once asked him for a gift, then retired and wrote Laozi. When I say Lao Tzu, I mean Tai Shiyun or Lao Laizi.

Laozi explains the evolution of all things in the universe with Tao, and puts forward the viewpoints of "Tao gives birth to one, two, three and all things" and "all things in the world are born out of it, but nothing is born". It is emphasized that people should follow the example of "Tao" in their thoughts and behaviors, that is, "live without living, walk without relying, and grow without killing." He attacked the rulers at that time: "The damage of Heaven cannot be compensated; People have different ways, and the damage is not enough. "He put forward that' misfortune is a good place to rely on and happiness is a bad place to lurk', which is full of dialectical materialism and is a classic language that people often quote. Materially, he emphasized "contentment" and "no desire", and further put forward the idea of "governing by doing nothing" in politics, pointing out that people can do nothing when dealing with things selflessly, so that people can strive for fame and fortune, live in harmony and develop together. This is an important concept of modern enterprise management. His views of "man everywhere, earth with heaven, heaven with Tao and Tao with nature" reflect the idea of respecting objective laws and protecting nature, which is quite consistent with today's views of attaching importance to environmental protection. Or conversely, as early as two or three thousand years ago, our ancestors foresaw the importance of environmental protection. No wonder Mr. Ji Xianlin, a famous contemporary scholar, emphasized that the oriental culture will gradually replace the western culture in 2 1 century, that is, "the comprehensive thinking of oriental culture will help the poor analytical thinking of western culture and raise the culture of all mankind to a higher and newer stage. "

Lao Zi, surnamed Li, was born in Bo Yang, a native of Chuguoku County (now Luyi County). He lived about 57 1 year to 47 1 year ago and was a Tibetan caretaker in the Zhou Dynasty. Laozi is a great ancient thinker known to our people. The classic Tao Te Ching written by Laozi initiated ancient Chinese philosophy. His philosophical thoughts and the Taoist school he founded not only made important contributions to the development of China's ancient ideology and culture, but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of China's ideology and culture for more than two thousand years. ......

Laozi was a thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period. Taoism deified it and regarded it as the founder. According to legend, there is "Laozi", that is, "Tao"

Moral classics. In the pre-Qin period, he lived in the same era. The Book of Rites and the works of pre-Qin philosophers or call him "Lao Dan", or

Call him "Lao Zi". The Book of Rites Zeng Ziwen contains the famous Confucian saying "I have heard of Lao Dan", which shows that Laozi and Confucius are at the same time.

But a little earlier than Confucius. However, since Sima Qian was skeptical about Laozi's Biography in the Western Han Dynasty, the academic circles have been very interested in Laozi's Biography.

There are still different opinions about the age of people's books and surnames, so I won't go into details. As for the place of origin, there are also different opinions.

However, after the Han Dynasty, it was generally believed that Laozi was from an ancient county (now Lu Yidong, Henan Province) and built a temple here.

Laozi's life story is only described sporadically in pre-Qin classics, among which Zhuangzi recorded Laozi's death, which was thought by predecessors.

Words. What is more credible is the record of Confucius asking Laozi questions. Biography of Lao Fei in Historical Records said that Confucius asked.

Courtesy to Laozi, Laozi replied: "As Confucius said, people's bones are rotten, and words are only in their ears. This gentleman has the right time.

If you drive, you will get tired if the time is wrong. I heard that Liang Jia is hiding in Xu Ruo. A gentleman is virtuous and his appearance is stupid. Get rid of the child's arrogance

Qi and desire, posture and desire are not conducive to the son's health. If so, that's why I sued my son. "Later, Confucius sheng.

Praise Laozi: "Birds, I know they can fly;" Fish, I know it can swim; Beast, I know it can walk. Walking may be a waste,

The swimmer can be nylon, and the flier can be Tai. As for dragon five, I don't know. He took advantage of the storm to go to heaven. I saw Lao Tzu today, and his

Dragon evil! "I cultivate morality, and his learning is based on self-concealment and anonymity. Seeing Zhou's decline, he left, which is crucial (Hanguguan).

At the request of Guan Ling Yin Xi, he wrote a book of more than 5,000 words, telling the meaning of morality and parting, and I don't know the end. Generally speaking, old

Sub-activities took place around the 6th century BC.

It is generally believed that Laozi is the founder of Taoism. His thought takes "eternal ignorance" and "Tao" as the core, and takes action to oppose and use it.

Weakness is the essence of law, which aims at being quiet and natural, and has two aspects: governing the country and governing the body. But Sima Tan.

The "Tao" mentioned in Six Essentials actually includes two schools: those who have laws and those who have no laws.

The History of Literature and Art of Han Dynasty narrates the Taoist theory, and also distinguishes between "knowing the essentials, sticking to the foundation, emptying to be self-sustaining, and being humble to be self-sustaining."

This gentleman's skill lies in the south "and" If left unchecked, it will be heartbroken to learn etiquette and abandon benevolence and righteousness, saying that it can be cured only by clearing up deficiency "

Two situations. The former refers to the Huang-Lao School in the Warring States Period, while the latter refers to Taoism in Laozi and Zhuangzi. Lao Tzu opposed the law, but Shen

Harmless, Shen Dao, Han Fei, etc. They all learn the morality of Huang Lao, focusing on the magic of accusation. Zhuangzi explained Laozi's thoughts with a laissez-faire attitude.

Han Fei interprets and criticizes Tao Te Ching from the perspective of a powerful legalist, and has written Jie Lao and Yu Lao. During the Warring States Period,

Some of Laozi's thoughts are combined with the concept of criminal name and the concept of rule of law, forming the theory of Huang Lao. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the study of Huang Lao prevailed, and Chen Ping,

Sean, Gaigong, Cao Can, Kung Fu, Wang Sheng, Huang Zi, Zhang Shizhi, Sima Tan and others have all ruled the situation, and so have the rulers.

Follow the law of Huang Lao Jing. During the Western Han Dynasty, there appeared a special book to explain Laozi's thoughts, which was recorded in Hanshu Yiwenzhi.

Wenzhi includes Biography of Lao Zi's Neighborhood, Lao Zi's Comments on Fu Classic, Lao Zi's Comments on Xu Classic and Liu Xiang's Comments on Lao Zi.

When he became emperor, Laozi was written by the hermit Zhuang in Shu, and Laozi was written by Anqiu, a native of Changling, Jingzhao.

Chapters and sentences

Taoism was formed in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It mainly comes from ancient witchcraft Shinto and immortal Taoism in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, but it has nothing to do with Laozi.

It doesn't matter. Taoism takes Laozi as its founder because:

First of all, Lao Tzu's book has the principle of quietness without desire, nourishing the spirit and prolonging life. This is also a major feature of Huang Lao's research, so the company

Ma Su specifically mentioned Taoism that "God is the foundation of life and shape is the tool of life", and it is necessary to "determine its God first" and then "have it"

Rule the world. "(1) Mawangdui Han tomb silk" Sixteen Classics and Five Righteousnesses "also said that" the beginning lies in the body, but there is a positive degree, and then,

Outsiders. "This is even more obvious in books such as Huai Nan Zi that explain Lao Tzu's thoughts. Zhuang Zun further pointed out: "You

Peace of mind, ambition to dive, consideration without desire, attributed to inaction, so you can prolong your life and live with Tao for a long time. "②

"Historical Records" is also called "Laozi is over 60 years old, or over 200 years old, relying on Buddhism to support his life", which shows Laozi's body.

The idea of cultivating a long life. Even if you believe what Zhuangzi said, it's not "I don't know what to do". According to Ma Xulun's "Laozi School"

"Joe" textual research, "Confucius met Laozi at the age of fifty-one, which was in the eighteenth year of the week (before 502), and Gai was eighty or ninety years old", also.

Longevity These are all in line with the purpose of Taoism to attach importance to life. In the book "Lao Zi", there are words such as "the god of the valley is immortal", which are easy to be

Make a religious explanation: cultivate immortality.

Second, any more mature religion has a relatively complete religious philosophy and moral norms, while witchcraft or immortals.

Art lacks this content, only Laozi has both ontology and cosmology, as well as charity, modesty, frugality, quietness,

Moral propositions such as simplicity and lewdness can be used as the basis for the establishment of Taoism. Laozi's adoption of Tao Te Ching is very rich.

This infectious verse form, without losing its speculative color, was regarded as "Jing" in the Western Han Dynasty. Its sentences are concise and implicit,

It is convenient for many explanations.

In particular, Laozi put forward that the mysterious and unspeakable "Tao" is an absolute encyclopedia, with no beginning and no end, so he gave Tao.

Teaching practice provides the ultimate value goal and spiritual pillar, and meets the needs of pursuing the eternal existence of body or spirit.

Thirdly, the worship of Laozi did not start from Taoism, but was honored as a "great man in ancient times" in Zhuangzi Tianxia.

The description of real people in Zhuangzi is deified. The immortal family was first called Huangdi. Old and legendary Huang.

Emperors are juxtaposed, collectively referred to as "Huang Lao", with high prestige and status above Confucius. Therefore, at the latest at the turn of the Han Dynasty, so did Lao Tzu.

Immortalization and religiousization. For example, the article in Fable of Zhuangzi said that "Lao Dan traveled westward to Qin", and Liu Xiang collected Laozi at the end of the Western Han Dynasty.

"Fairy Biography" said: "Laozi's westward journey made the shade see a purple floating, and Laozi led a green cow across" (3) cloud.

Cloud is actually a copy of Hu Hua's theory in later generations. At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huan Tan's "New Theory: Removing Masks" also included "Laozi and Tian talk about self-cultivation,

The exaggeration of "hundreds of years old".

On the occasion of Zhang, the profit magistrate wrote "Notre Dame de Laozi" and said:

"Lao tze, tao also. It was born before the invisible, started before the beginning, and walked in the yuan; Floating six deficiency, out

When you enter the nether world, you can see the difference between mixing and turbidity, and you can see the difference between clear and turbid.

Almost at the same time, the book of divination also contains "Laozi's prophecy", which shows that Laozi has been regarded as a religious prophet.

As far as the continuity of history is concerned, Taoism conforms to this trend of immortality and deification of Laozi, so it summarizes Taoism in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

It's called yellow. At that time, people who advocated immortal Taoism regarded Laozi as an immortal. Emperor Huan extended Xi for eight years (165),

Chen Xiangbian Shao wrote "Lao Zi Ming", saying that Lao Zi was "a real earthquake in Sanchuan when he was hiding, and he used the Yin and Yang of Xia Yin as a metaphor for him".

"The world's good people are much the same, enduring, with Lao Tzu grasping the qi of chaos, starting with the three lights, observing the astronomical phenomena and making predictions, P (L)

Ascend (fight) the stars, change with the day, keep abreast of the news, adjust the three lights and four spirits, think about Tian Dan, Taiyi Zifang, and be authentic.

As a man, cicadas slough all over the world. Since sacrifice and farming, the world has been the teacher of saints. " ⑤

Confucianism worships Confucius, and Taoism describes Laozi from its own teachings, mainly to fight against Confucianism. For example, it is believed that

The annotation of Old Xiangzi II for Zhang Lu denounces Confucianism as "great fallacy" and "five classics and half evils". Pay attention to the "hole" again

De Rong, only the Tao is from "said:" The Tao is very big, teach Kong Qiu to know; Later generations do not believe in Taoism, but think that Confucius' book is supreme;

Tell the truth and tell it to the later sages. "As pointed out by previous scholars, when Buddhism first entered China, it was often attached to the immortal Huang Lao.

Amazing, at that time, there was a saying in the society that "Laozi went to the righteous emperor as a pagoda", which was originally not intended by Taoism to belittle Buddhism.

However, after the Jin Dynasty, Buddhism flourished, and in order to compete with Buddhism, Taoism insisted on the saying that "Laozi became Hu".

Taoism takes Laozi's Tao Te Ching as its main classic, and its teaching methods or classics often imply that Laozi gave it to him.

There are all kinds of magical legends. Old Xiangzi Jules said, "One is Tao", "One is anger, and the other is too high."

Old gentleman. "

"Miscellaneous Answers to Bao Puzi's Internal Articles" continued: "The old gentleman is really in shape and thinks about it. His surname is Li Mingyong, and his word is Bo Yang. He is nine feet long.

Yellow, bird's beak, rhinoplasty, beautiful girl five inches long, ears seven inches long, forehead three classes up and down, full of gossip, turtle as a bed,

Jinta Yutang, with silver as its rank, five-color clouds as its clothing, overlapping crowns and swords as its front, has 12 people from Huang Tong to 120.

Qinglong, there are two (three) sixteen white tigers on the right, twenty-four suzaku in front, seventy-two Xuanwu in the back and twelve Qiong Qi in the front and back.

Thirty-six times to ward off evil spirits, lightning shook in the sky, which is because of the immortal classics. Seeing the old man will prolong life, like the sun and the moon,

I know everything. Biography of the Immortal, Mystery, Biography of the Old Man Gao and so on, and I was born from the left armpit of Mother Li.

Wait, and so on. There are many scriptures and biographies of immortals that deify Laozi. The classics are Tai Shang Lao Jun Tian Kaijing and Tian Zun.

The name of the old gentleman was robbed by the classics, representing Hu Jing of Laozi; One of the most influential figures in Ji is Yin's Shang Gao.

The Biography of the Old Gentleman, The Sage of the Grand Old Gentleman Xuanyuan written by Tang Yin and Cao Wen, The Biography of Youlong written by Jia Shanxiang in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty.

Xie Shouhao is the author of "The Holy Story of Mixed Yuan" and so on. Of course, although Laozi is respected by Taoists, his position in Taoism is slightly different.

Arithmetic, for example, in the immortal system of Nantian Shidao, the position of Taishang Laojun is second only to the three-day infinite avenue of Taiqing Xuanyuan.

On the other hand, the Shangqing school and the Lingbao school ranked Taishang Laojun behind the original Tianzun (called the "King of the Yuan Dynasty" by the Shangqing school) and Taishang Daojun.

(that is, Lingbao Tianzun, which was called "Too High Yu Sheng Chen Dadao Jun" by the Shangqing School). There is also a queen of the Qing Dynasty.

Sheng Jiu Xuan Di Jun (the full name of Wen Zi, the Taoist book of the Qing school, is Wen Zi Sutra of the Emperor Lingshu of Shen Qing),

The surname is Li, referred to as "Jun Hou". In Tao Hongjing's Bitmap of True Spirit, Emperor Genque ranks third in the middle.

It is called "Ren Chen Taiping Lord". And Lao Dan, who is on the right side of Tai Chi. The Taiqing Taishang Laojun fell to No.4 Middle School.

First, he is the master of Taiqing Road (Shangqing School called Laoshitiandao "Taiqing Family"). Kou, a Taoist priest in the Northern Wei Dynasty, also said that he was too old.

Teach him Taoism and found Taoism in northern Shi Tian. Among the philosophers, Lou Guandao especially praised Laozi, advocated the theory of "transforming Hu" and told Laozi that he was in the Tang Dynasty.

The rise of generation status has played a role in promoting.

Emperors of past dynasties worshipped Laozi, setting up temples and temples first, and then Taoist temples and palaces, which were sealed as real cards. The temple was founded in Han Dynasty (at the beginning of theory).

Yu Qin). In the eighth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (165), the commander of the Emperor Huan sent Ba to see Lao Zi in Kuxian Temple, and kissed Lao Zi in the temple the following year.

Zhuolong Palace, with a canopy, uses suburban music. In the Tang Dynasty, he worshipped Laozi Yujia as his teacher. Wude three years (620) in May, Jin

Ji, a native of Zhou, claimed to meet Lao Zi in the mountain and asked, "I will talk to my ancestors and Tang Gaozu. After cracking down on thieves this year,

Children and grandchildren enjoy the longevity of the country. "All landowners high-impedance built a temple in his place. After Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, he declared, "My lineage began with Zhu Shi. "

Today, I am regarded as my ancestor. In February of the first year of Emperor Gaozong (666), he visited laojunmiao, Bozhou, and later named Lao Zi "Taishangxuan".

Yuan Di ". Later, Xuanzong repeatedly added the words "Great Sage Xuanyuan Emperor" and "Sage Avenue Xuanyuan" during the Tianbao period.

"Emperor" and "Great Sage", and set up Taiqing Palace in Xijing and Bozhou. Song Zhenzong avoided it.

Zhao, a sage of the Song Dynasty, was taboo and changed Laozi to "Zhenyuan Emperor". In August of the sixth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (10 13), the plus sign is

"Too old gentleman mixed Yuan Emperor Suntech", personally went to the Taiqing Palace in zhenyuan county, Bozhou the following year to present a precious book. This title is on the way.

It has been used for teaching ever since. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty celebrated Lao Zi's birthday on February 15th, it was the first year of Song Huizong's reunification (118) in April, once again.

The imperial edict regards Yuan Di's birthday on February 15th as Zhenyuan Festival (a kind of Zhenyuan Festival). Today is an important festival of Taoism.

note:

① ③ Historical Records (10, page 3292), Volume VII (2 14 1 page), and Xieji is quoted from Biography of Immortals, Zhonghua Book Company, 1959.

(2) Collected Taoist Scriptures, Volume 22, page 229, was jointly published by Cultural Relics Publishing House, Shanghai Bookstore and Tianjin Ancient Books Publishing House, 1988.

(4) the whole Chinese volume 32.

⑤ Lishi Volume III

6. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Volume IV, Page 1082, Zhonghua Book Company, 1965.

⑦ Tang Yao Hui respected Tao.

⑧ Collection of Imperial edicts of the Tang Dynasty (Volume 1 13): The female crown of Taoist priests is the imperial edict of monks and nuns.