Appreciation of Ji Zhongsan This is the second song in Yan Yanzhi's Fu of Five Gentlemen, and the object of singing is Ji Kang, a famous man in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Ji Kang is called Zhong Zhongsan because he used to be a doctor in Zhong San. He was the son-in-law of Cao Wei's imperial clan, so he didn't cooperate with Sima's political group at that time. Although he advocates Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, loves health preservation and takes food as the first priority, he is full of sense of justice and rebellious spirit. He bravely attacked hypocritical etiquette and people with seditious tendencies, and was finally killed by Si Mazhao. This poem praises Ji's stubborn character and expresses his attitude towards life.
The sentence "scattered in the middle school but not connected with the world, willing to be a Xia person" is a summary of Ji Kang's personality. Ji Kang can't live in harmony with secular people. In his own "Breaking Up with Shan Juyuan", he said that if he wanted to learn from Ruan Ji, he would "fail" regardless of human mistakes, which showed that he was straightforward in nature and said that he was "intolerant and really not strong", which reflected his disharmony, vulgarity and arrogance. According to the annotation of Huang Tingjing, eating chardonnay is a method of cultivation for immortals, which means that in my illusion, I felt the colorful chardonnay in Japan and China, so I swallowed chardonnay in my mouth, which is a way to gain enlightenment. It is said in the poem that Ji Kang was born with the temperament of becoming an immortal and gaining enlightenment, and was naturally superior to others. According to Biography of the Book of Jin, "He has always lived on cultivation, played the piano and composed poems, and was self-sufficient in his arms, thinking that immortals are natural and unlearned." It can be seen that Ji himself attaches importance to innate endowment and thinks that this is the foundation of enlightenment.
Two sentences, "Interpreting the form to test the immortal, knowing the strength of speech", come from the word "Dining Xia Man", saying that Ji Kang's learning method seeks the immortal, and "Interpreting the form" means "autopsy", which means that those who learn the immortal abandon the form and soar. Shan Li's Annotation of Selected Works quoted Ji Kangzan of Gu Kaizhi as saying that Baojing, the magistrate in the South China Sea, was a man of insight, and Xu Ning in the East China Sea was in charge. Xu Ning was very surprised when she heard a wonderful piano sound in the room in the middle of the night, so she ran to ask Bao Jing. Bao thought Ji Kang was playing the piano. Xu Ning asked, "Ji Kang has been killed. Why is he still here?" "Bao said:" The third-level trace shows the end, but the real body is solved. This is the basis of Ji Kang's theory of "form solution". It can be proved from the "explanation" that he has died silently. Ji Kang once wrote "On Health Preservation", which talked about how to cultivate one's self-cultivation and prolong life. "Biography of Sun Chuo in Jizhong" said: "Ji Kang wrote the theory of health preservation, and when he entered Romania, the capital called him a god." "The Book of Jin" also said in his biography that he thought that "as for reasonable guidance and upbringing, it can reach the ethics of Taiping period and Peng Zu, which is the book" On Health Preservation ". It is pointed out that the article "Theory of Health Preservation" is Ji's masterpiece, and the so-called "theory of spitting" here refers to this. The word "Zhuangzi" is like "Happy Travel": "The mountain is inhabited and its spirit is condensed." Sheng Da, on the other hand, said, "It is condensed when God uses his ambition regardless." "Concentration" means that the spirit reaches a quiet and single state. Ji Kang's mental outlook and profound self-cultivation can be seen from his article On Health Preservation.
If the sentence "Xing Jie" is mainly about the idea that Ji Xuexian was born, then the sentence "Setting up a custom instrument and seeking seclusion in the mountains" is about his life experience. Ji Kang was an unruly man and was deeply dissatisfied with the political darkness at that time. He once taunted Si Mazhao's confidant Zhong Hui to his face. He is not Tang Wu, but his thoughts are very thin, which is quite different from the views of secular people. Therefore, the poem says that he is in the secular world, which is actually contrary to the popular view. According to Shi Chuanzhong, Ji Kang once collected herbs and went to Shanze, but he was too happy to return. When he saw it, he thought it was a god. He also said that he swam into the mountains with Sun Deng and other hermits, and the past was very close, so the poem said that he lived in the mountains and could live in harmony with hermits. These two sentences show that he is contrary to the secular and wants to live in seclusion.
Those two sentences, "Who can tame the dragon?" It is an explanation and summary of the fake murder. According to the biography of Ji Kang in the Book of Jin, Ji Kang offended Zhong Hui, who went to see Si Mazhao, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, and said, "Ji Kang, Wolong, can't get up. The public has no worries about the world and cares about health. " He also said that Kang helped and was killed. However, it can be seen that at that time, some people compared Ji Jia to a dragon, and The Book of Jin Ji Kang Biography also said that "people thought the dragon was Zhang Fengzi". Therefore, Luan and Long are also compared to Ji's family, thinking that although they are often devastated, their indomitable character can't be tamed by anyone. The implication is that Ji Kang has been vilified and even killed from time to time, but his nature of not being bound by the secular will not change, which is the real reason for his pain. In this way, the author praised Ji's personality spirit, and at the same time expressed his refusal to yield to secular personality.
The poems in Yan Yanzhi's Fu of Five Gentlemen are quite rigorous and consistent in structure. The first two sentences are an overview of the most important activities or ideological core in a person's life, such as whether Ruan Ji hides or not, Ji Kang's discord and vulgarity, Liu Ling's affection for wine, Ruan Xian's excellent materials and beauty, and Xiang embroidery's indifference. The last four sentences describe the main behavior and character of the characters, often taking biographies of historical figures and selecting their typical examples, so that the character's conduct can be revealed in a few words. The last two sentences can dig out new ideas on the basis of reciting history, prove the present with the ancient, and show your embrace with the ancient things. Commenting on this group of poems, He Chao said, "I can talk about it myself, but I still don't digress." This means that they can tell their own stories while sticking to the historical topic, so the poem Luan Ao expresses Yan Yanzhi's own attitude towards life and current affairs.
The structure of this group of poems is also quite similar to that of later regular poems. The first two sentences always lead the way, the last four sentences fill in the blanks, and finally summarize the discussion, which means that endless meaning lies in words. For example, "The Biography of Xie Shu Lingyun in Song Dynasty" said: "When catching the Song family, Yan and Xie Tengsheng flourished, and the wind of extending the New Year was clear and dense, showing off before the road. It points out the clarity and detail of Yan's style, and Wu Junyong is an excellent example.
Poetry: "Sanqu in Jizhong" Author: Poetry Classification of Yan Yanzhi in Northern and Southern Dynasties: Sorrow and Resentment.