Liu Chen Ruan Ji, Qiao Guo Ji Kang, Hanoi Dan Tao, Guo Pei Liu Ling, Liu Chen Ruan Xian, Hanoi Xiang Xiu, Langxie Wang Rong.

First of all, the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest are not academic groups or political organizations. After gathering for a period of time, they naturally broke up for some reasons. They gathered for a short time, probably within five or six years from the beginning to Jiaping.

First, Ji Kang

I. Life:

Ji Kang, uncle night, was born in Huang Chu, Wei Wendi for five years, and was born in Luo County in 224 AD. His ancestor's real name is Xi, and his ancestral home is Shangyu, so he moved to Luozhou to avoid disaster. Luo Di has Ji Shan, so he changed her surname. His family has been Confucian for generations, with no deep political foundation and no wealth in economy. It is just the cloth of an ordinary scholar-bureaucrat family. His father died when he was very young. He was brought up by his mother and brother. However, due to the love of his family, he developed an arrogant, willful and straightforward character.

Ji Kang studies hard. He reads widely, does not follow the teacher, and is rich in knowledge. His cultivation in all aspects of culture and art was particularly profound, especially his guqin playing skills, which were second to none at that time. He is also good at cursive script, and ink is listed as a wonderful cursive script. He is eloquent, good at writing articles, and even considered a wizard. Ji Kang is not only upright and talented, but also handsome. He was 7 feet 8 inches tall, handsome and naturally beautiful. He was called "Dragon Zhang Fengzi" and was recognized as a handsome man at that time.

Ji Kang is seven feet eight inches long and has a unique charm. Those who see it sigh: "Su Su, Mix, is bright and clear" or a cloud: "Su Su is like a scattered wind, high and Xu Yin." Gong Shan said, "Uncle Ji is a night walker. If Yan Yan is lonely, he will be drunk, and if Yushan collapses. " Rong Zhi. 5.

With these inner beauty and outer beauty, Ji Kang gained a good reputation among literati. Although he was not born high, at the age of twenty, Cao Lin, the son of Pei Wang Cao Cao, took a fancy to him and married his daughter Changle Pavilion. From then on, he became Cao Shi's in-laws, successfully embarked on his official career, and was recruited as a doctor by the court.

Ji Kang's youth was spent in a relatively stable period of Cao Wei's regime, which determined that he had an ambition to help the world and serve the country in his early years. Later, Ji Kang changed. He is a handsome man, but he doesn't pay attention to dressing up. He also made himself look like a degenerate. He said: I often don't wash my hair on January 15, and I don't bother or take a shower. He still has a lot of lice on him, and when he itches, he will touch and scratch on any occasion. He also likes to have fun while the iron is hot under the willow outside. This kind of performance is actually a way for the people to destroy people, to express their ultra-refined feelings and contempt for fame and fortune.

At the beginning, Ji Kang was between eighteen and twenty-seven. He spent his youth in this changeable era. His outlook on life and fame has changed a lot here, which is a key change in his life.

Second, take medicine:

In the eyes of people at that time, taking medicine not only brought the hope of becoming an immortal, but also was elegant and noble in itself, which invisibly improved people's social status and identity. People who take medicine are proud of it, and people who don't take medicine admire people who take medicine. Later, taking medicine seemed to become a symbol of high society.

Ji Kang believed in taking medicine, and he incorporated it into his health theory. Ji Kang pointed out that to guide the cultivation of rationality, we should start from two aspects: First, "cultivate nature and protect the spirit, settle down with the whole body, love and hate are not confined to feelings, worry about happiness, and be flat and ruthless." "Second," take a deep breath, take food for health, have a blind date, and practice both inside and outside. "So, feeding is an important means of nurturing and one of the ways to live forever. Ji Kang not only takes medicine at home, but also often goes out to collect medicine. " A clock that picks herbs and takes food to change her appearance. "On one occasion, his friend Wang Lie, a herbalist, collected liquid stalactites on a cliff fault, which tasted like japonica rice. They thought it was a foreign body, but when they brought it to Jikang, it had solidified into hard. When they arrived at the scene, the stalactites at the fault had been compounded. Wang Lie thought it was "Uncle didn't get along well all night. "."Ji Kang is also very sorry. According to relevant historical records, after taking cold food powder, the drug attack will make the whole body cold and hot, and people's mood will be very violent. Some people even draw their swords to chase flies, and some people will kill themselves with knives at the slightest sign of trouble. Ji Kang didn't reach such a bad temper, but his temper seemed strange enough at that time. And what is the actual effect of Ji Kang taking food? It seems that there is a big gap with your expectations. The original intention of Ji Kang's taking food was to preserve health and relieve realistic contradictions, but it backfired, adding fuel to the fire and making him react more strongly in realistic contradictions.

Third, metaphysics:

Ji Kang has more works than Ruan Ji in metaphysical papers. Ji Kang and Ruan Ji share the same basic metaphysical views, but there are also some differences. Unlike Ruan Ji who only studied (Lao Zi, Zhuangzi and Yi), Ji Kang tried to explain various natural, social, humanistic and psychological phenomena with metaphysics.

For example, On Sound without Sorrow and Music: analyzing the relationship between sound and human feelings. It is difficult to understand Uncle Zhang Liao's theory of being naturally eager to learn: an analysis of whether people are naturally eager to learn. The audacity theory: an analysis of the relationship between human wisdom and courage. Interpretation of the theory that there is no good or ill luck in a difficult house: an analysis of good or ill luck in a house. Health preserving theory and difficult health preserving theory: discrimination of health preserving problems. Ji Kang's views on these issues may not be correct, but his spirit of daring to discriminate and express his views is commendable. What is more valuable is that Ji Kang's metaphysical theory is often strongly critical, and he put forward the proposition that "the more famous, the more natural". This is the core view of metaphysics, so Ji Kang's sentence is a fundamental denial of Confucianism and a challenge to Sima's family. But it is also the fundamental proposition of this sentence that gives Ji Kang a new positive factor in metaphysics.

Fourth, literature:

Ji Kang and Ruan Ji are equally important in Zhengshi literature. Ji Kang has mastered the creative skills of poetry, prose and fu. Judging from his specific works, he is more proficient in four-character writing, not only in quantity, but also in level. For example, Giving Scholar to Join the Army is a group poem containing 18 works. This poem was probably written in middle age (about 30 years old), but it is not a temporary work. Metaphysical ideals can be seen in poems, such as the fifteenth poem:

Our troops rest in the orchid garden, feed horses on grassy slopes, shoot birds at the water's edge and fish in the long river. Hongyan looked at the south and played the banjo with her hand.

Every move has a leisurely pace. I am very happy that the secrets of nature can be understood!

If you are good at fishing, you will forget about fish. No one can say anything about the death of the British.

The last four sentences are familiar to metaphysical scholars, and they still write a unique artistic conception from the whole poem. In particular, five or six sentences are full of movement, free and easy, virtual and real, elegant and beautiful. It is mentioned in Qiao Wen's "On World Newspeak" that it is not difficult for Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, to try to turn these two sentences into painting images. He said: it is easy to draw banjo, but difficult to see rainbow. The key to seeing one's hometown lies in "seeing". It really takes a lot of skill to show this subtle expression.