Salvia miltiorrhiza has a long history of medical application in China and has a wide range of functions.
According to traditional medical records, Salvia Miltiorrhiza is cold in nature and bitter in taste, belonging to the heart meridian and pericardial meridian, and specializes in separating blood.
Salvia miltiorrhiza can dredge blood vessels and is good at promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, so it is commonly known as "blindly salvia miltiorrhiza reaches four things."
Commonly used preparations include Danshen tablets, compound Danshen tablets, Danshen Xinshu tablets, Danshen injection and compound Danshen injection.
Modern medical research and clinical practice show that Salvia miltiorrhiza has the functions of dilating coronary artery, increasing coronary blood flow, slowing heart rate and improving myocardial hypoxia, and is often used to treat coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, chest tightness and palpitation.
Can be used for treating myocardial infarction and myocarditis, and improving acute symptoms and ischemic changes of electrocardiogram.
Salvia miltiorrhiza can inhibit platelet aggregation, inhibit platelet release reaction, reduce blood viscosity and blood lipid, and can treat hyperviscosity.
Salvia miltiorrhiza can resist erythrocyte aggregation, alleviate atherosclerosis and inhibit the transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin, so it has antithrombotic and anticoagulant effects.
Saviae Miltiorrhizae Radix dilates blood vessels, improves microcirculation, dilates heart, brain, kidney, limbs, mesenteric blood vessels, arteries and veins or capillaries, accelerates blood flow, depolymerizes accumulated blood cells and increases the number of open capillaries, and can treat thrombosis and thromboangiitis obliterans.
Salvia Miltiorrhiza has the effects of cooling blood and nourishing blood, calming heart and tranquilizing mind, and can be used to treat high fever and anxiety.
Salvia miltiorrhiza has the function of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and regulating menstrual blood, so it can treat women's irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, limb pain and so on.
Salvia miltiorrhiza has the function of lowering blood sugar, and it can prevent and treat diabetes if taken regularly.
Salvia miltiorrhiza can improve liver function, and has certain curative effect on early cirrhosis, hepatosplenomegaly and hepatitis.
Salvia miltiorrhiza has the functions of cooling blood and removing blood stasis, clearing away heat and toxic materials, treating sores and swelling, increasing phagocytosis of macrophages, removing blood stasis and promoting tissue repair.
Siwutang, four herbs, consists of four herbs: Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum Chuanxiong, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata.
It has always been regarded as the basic prescription for nourishing blood and regulating menstruation, treating dizziness and irregular menstruation, such as dizziness, deafness, fright, dull lips and claws, etc. If a woman with liver-blood deficiency and chong ren has a weak pulse condition, her menstrual flow will be less or closed, while blood deficiency will lead to poor blood circulation.
Angelica sinensis in the prescription nourishes blood and softens the liver, and regulates menstruation with blood; Rehmannia glutinosa nourishes yin and blood; Supplemented with white peony root and nourishing liver; Chuanxiong rhizome is used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
If the four drugs are used together, the medium coke will have a good effect, but it will not be delayed.
"On Women's Knowledge" said: "Blind attention to Salvia miltiorrhiza, merits and demerits are the same as four things", which was endorsed by doctors in past dynasties and quoted in the book.
Medical practitioners are regarded as suspense and lack of objective basis.
The students at school also proposed to discuss with the teacher, and the answer was not satisfactory.
In recent years, Guan Shi of Wuhan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine has found evidence from inorganic elements in traditional Chinese medicine.
When the weight of salvia miltiorrhiza participating in Siwu decoction is equal, the iron content of salvia miltiorrhiza is 2.76 times that of Siwu decoction.
It's amazing that the ancients came to such an accurate conclusion completely by relying on Chinese medicine theory and clinical observation without testing equipment and accurate calculation!
Salvia miltiorrhiza is the dry root and rhizome of salvia miltiorrhiza. Labiatae.
Bitter and slightly cold.
Heart tropism and liver meridian.
Its functions mainly include removing blood stasis and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and dredging menstruation, and clearing heart fire.
Used for irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain, heat pain, sore pain, upset and insomnia; Hepatosplenomegaly, angina pectoris.
Can be used for treating chest pain, hypochondriac pain, rheumatic arthralgia, abdominal mass, sores, traumatic stress, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and postpartum stasis pain.
It has good curative effect on chest and rib pain, abdominal mass, irregular menstruation and amenorrhea pain, and is often used in combination with Chuanxiong.
For pain in chest and abdomen, it belongs to qi stagnation and blood stasis. It is often used with Amomum villosum and Sandalwood.
Can be used for treating fever with blood, rash on body surface, dizziness, and restlessness.
Often used with fresh rehmannia root, buffalo horn and Scrophularia root.
Used for palpitation and insomnia.
It is often used with Ziziphus jujuba seed and Semen Platycladi.
Usage and dosage: decoction, 9 ~ 15g.
Preventive measures of veratrum nigrum.
Variety textual research
Salvia miltiorrhiza was first seen in Shennong Herbal Classic, and it was listed as the top grade.
Later generations of materia medica collected, "Wupu Materia Medica" contained: "Small stems, square and stubble (that is, white Su), hairy, red roots, purple flowers in April, roots in March and May, dry in the shade.
"Materia Medica" said: "Miao was born in February, one foot tall, with square stems and green stems.
Leaves are hairy, like, flowers in March, red and purple, flowers.
Roots are red, as big as fingers, more than a foot long, and there are several roots in a seedling.
Compendium of Materia Medica says: "There are five leaves everywhere in the mountains, such as wild sharp leaves and green wrinkled skin.
Small flowers spike like moths, with fine seeds inside, purple roots and fleshy.
The main morphological characteristics are exactly the same as those of salvia miltiorrhiza. In labiatae.
plant morphology
Perennial herb with thick roots and red outside.
The stem is 40-80 cm tall and villous.
Leaves are often odd pinnate compound leaves; Leaflets 1-3 pairs, oval or oval, hairy on both sides.
Cymes with 6 flowers, forming terminal or axillary pseudoracemes, densely glandular hairy or villous; Bracts lanceolate, calyx purple, with 1 1 pulse, about 1 1 mm long, with glandular hairs outside, 2-lipped, wide triangular upper lip and tip.
3 small polymeric tips, 2 teeth on the lower lip, triangular or nearly semicircular; Corolla blue-purple, 2-2.7 cm long, hair ring in the tube, upper lip sickle-shaped, lower lip shorter than upper lip, 3-lobed, with the largest middle lobe; Stamens are inserted at the base of lower lip.
Nutlets are black and oval.
Flowering from April to June; The fruiting period is July-August.
Chemical Research
The roots mainly contain diterpenoid quinone pigments, tanshinone Ⅰ, Ⅱ A, Ⅱ B, cryptotanshinone, isotanshinone Ⅰ, Ⅱ, isotanshinone (1) and milrinone. Tanshinone methyl ester, hydroxytanshinone Ⅱ A (hydroxytanshinone), dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ (dihydrotanshinone I), salvianolic acids A, B, C, methylneoquinone and salvianolic acid.
In addition, rust alcohol, δL- dehydromirone, δL- tanshinone IIA, danshensu D and 1, 1- dihydrotanshinone were also reported.
Besides diterpenoid quinones, there are protocatechuic aldehyde, β-sitosterol, D (+) β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid (i.e. danshensu, salvianolic acid) A), carboxylic acids A and E, etc.
Pharmacological research
The role of cardiovascular system ① strengthens myocardial contractility, improves cardiac function, and does not increase myocardial oxygen consumption ② dilates coronary arteries and increases myocardial blood flow; Dilate peripheral blood vessels and increase blood flow; Decreased cerebral blood flow ③ Anti-thrombosis increased fibrinolytic enzyme activity; Prolonging bleeding and coagulation time; Inhibit platelet aggregation (increase the level of cAMP in platelets and inhibit TXA2 synthesis); Improve hemorheological characteristics (reduce blood viscosity and shorten erythrocyte electrophoresis time) ④ Improve microcirculation.
Promoting tissue repair and regeneration ① Promoting tissue repair and regeneration Salvia Miltiorrhiza preparation treatment: necrotic myocardium is cleared quickly; Fibroblast differentiation and collagen fiber formation were obvious; Granulation is mature.
Local congestion is relieved, blood circulation is improved and healing time is shortened.
② Inhibition of hyperproliferation can inhibit hyperproliferative fibroblasts.
Protecting liver: improving liver microcirculation.
Antibacterial: Salvia miltiorrhiza preparation contains cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone, which have inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli and Proteus in vitro.
root of red-rooted salvia
(1) Overview
Alias Danshen, Ginseng, Dahongpao, Red Root, etc.
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Labiatae, used as medicine by root.
It has a wide range of uses, mainly used for removing blood stasis and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation, nourishing the heart and removing annoyance, etc. It has a good curative effect on coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease.
It has good curative effect on chronic hepatitis, early cirrhosis and other diseases.
Mainly produced in Sichuan, Shandong, Zhejiang and other provinces, and now distributed in most parts of the country.
(2) Plant characteristics
Herbs perennial, 30-80 cm tall.
The roots are slender and cylindrical, and the skin is vermilion.
The stem is quadrangular with branches on the upper part.
Leaves opposite; A single pinnate compound leaf with 3 ~ 5 leaflets.
The apical lobule is larger than the lateral lobule, and the lobule is oval.
Cymes are axillary, lip-shaped, blue-purple, with upright upper lip and short lower lip.
Nutlets are rectangular and dark brown or black when mature.
The flowering period is from May to 65438+10, and the fruiting period is from June to165438+10.
(3) Growth characteristics
Salvia miltiorrhiza likes an environment with warm and humid climate and plenty of sunshine.
Cold-resistant, afraid of drought and water accumulation, not strict with soil requirements. Neutral soil, slightly alkaline soil and slightly acidic soil can be cultivated.
Harvest processing
Harvest the seeds in autumn165438+1October of the year of rooting and propagation, and harvest the seeds in two years.
Salvia miltiorrhiza root is brittle and easy to break. When digging, pay attention to drying 50% to 60%, rub a bunch of roots, pile them up for 2 ~ 3 days and then dry them.
3000 ~ 4500 kilograms of dry goods are produced per hectare, which are smoked with sulfur before storage and placed in a ventilated and dry place.
Danshen tea
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is a perennial herb in Labiatae. Its root is cylindrical and reddish brown, and it contains tanshinone, sapogenin and vitamin E.
It has the effects of dilating coronary artery, tranquilizing, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, clearing away heart fire and resolving phlegm.
6 grams each time, slice and brew tea with boiling water until the taste is light.
65438+ 0 ~ 2 times a day, suitable for the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, is a mild blindly health drink.
Pregnant women and people without blood stasis should use it with caution.
Coronary heart disease and angina pectoris are similar to chest pain in traditional Chinese medicine.
Danshen tea has the function of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and is suitable for chest obstruction caused by heart pulse stasis and chest yang occlusion.
Modern clinical research shows that Salvia Miltiorrhiza not only has a satisfactory effect in treating coronary heart disease, thromboangiitis obliterans, persistent hepatitis, advanced schistosomiasis, hepatosplenomegaly, etc., but also improves the condition by more than half after taking Salvia Miltiorrhiza.
At present, for the treatment and prevention of coronary heart disease, Danshen tablets and granules made of Danshen as the main raw material are generally taken, which shows that this product has a remarkable effect of dilating coronary arteries.
Green tea has the function of clearing away heart-fire, resolving phlegm and eliminating dampness. Tang Bencao said that it has the function of "clearing away diseases and clearing heat, eliminating overnight eating and facilitating urination".
Modern research believes that caffeine in tea has the function of expanding cardiovascular system and strengthening capillaries; Its polyphenols can also reduce blood fat and blood sugar, and can prevent and treat coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia such as elevated cholesterol, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in time.
Salvia miltiorrhiza tea is obviously an ideal tea for preventing and treating coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.