First, health care enters a critical period when people reach middle age.
Middle-aged people are the "best years" in life, and many people shoulder important tasks in all aspects. As the backbone of society, this requires them to have strong physique and abundant energy. However, "people have a lot to do in middle age", and the two heavy burdens of work and family on their shoulders show the heavy responsibility and busyness of middle-aged people. In addition, their physical strength has dropped from the peak and started to decline. Many physiological and psychological characteristics of middle-aged people also make the morbidity and mortality higher than that of the elderly. Malignant diseases in the elderly are mostly hidden dangers buried in middle age. Therefore, from now on, middle-aged people should use health preservation to resist diseases, nip in the bud and live a chic middle-aged life. 1. Middle age is the key period of health preservation.
People's physical and mental development reaches its peak in middle age, and with the slow physiological changes, physical strength and energy begin to decline. Therefore, middle-aged people need health care more than young people, pay attention to various changes in the body, nip in the bud and delay the aging process.
Middle-aged people are the backbone of society and the pillar of family. People often use "prime of life" to summarize middle-aged people. What age group do middle-aged people refer to? The most common saying is "middle age is around 40 years old". 199 1 year, the world health organization reclassified the life period as: young people under 44 years old; 45 ~ 59 years old is middle age; 60 ~ 74 years old are young old people (or old people); 75 ~ 89 years old for the elderly; People who are over 90 years old live a long life. The middle-aged people we refer to here are people aged 45-59.
Middle age is the most precious, wonderful and eventful period in life. Most people used to think that the golden age of human brain use was between the ages of 20 and 29, and then it began to decline gradually. But recent research shows that 40 ~ 49 years old is the best period of life wisdom. The United States once tested the ability of people aged 20-70 to solve daily problems, and put forward that the order of wise periods in life is: 45-49 years old; 30 ~ 39 years old; 50 ~ 59 years old; 60 ~ 69 years old; There are signs of mental decline after 70 years old.
The research report pointed out that after middle age, people will soon move from strong to aging, and various organs of the whole body will begin to fibrosis, leading to gradual weakening and decline of function. At this time, the regenerative ability and immune function of human cells began to weaken gradually. The function of endocrine glands, especially gonads, is gradually declining. The ability of sensory organs gradually decreases with age. It can be said that all parts of the body and organs are gradually aging. Skin ages faster than other parts of the body, because it is attacked by wind, sun and cold and is often damaged. With the increase of age, the skin becomes thinner, elasticity gradually loses, subcutaneous fat decreases, and skin wrinkles gradually form, especially around the eyes and lips. Due to the decrease of vascular elasticity, blood pressure increases with age. Due to the decline of the strain capacity of the heart and lungs, it often leads to the inability to engage in manual labor like young people, the elasticity of the eyeball lens is gradually lost, the natural adjustment ability of the eyeball is gradually weakened, and the vision is reduced, which makes people feel blurred when reading or working at close range, resulting in presbyopia. The decrease of bladder reserve capacity leads to frequent urination and nocturia. The decline of brain power is mainly manifested in the recent and mechanical memory decline. Due to changes in metabolism and endocrine, abdominal and waist fat increased and began to "get fat". Middle-aged people may have coronary heart disease, cancer and various nervous system diseases at any time due to excessive psychological pressure. All these changes and manifestations did not happen suddenly, but happened constantly and developed gradually. Although this is the natural law of human body, if we can pay attention to nutrition and health care, we can delay or alleviate the occurrence of the above-mentioned physiological phenomena of decline. If it is not prevented in time and continues into old age, it will become an incurable senile disease, so middle age is a critical period after health care. There is a reason for sudden death in middle age.
Middle-aged people often think that they are in the prime of life, and they often ignore the necessary rest and entertainment in their busy work, leaving their bodies and minds in a state of tension for a long time. Although I won't feel it for a while, fatigue and tension day after day will cause "sudden death", so middle-aged people should learn to take care of themselves so that their work and life can be harmonious.
Middle age is a "crisis-ridden" period, and many middle-aged people have been killed by diseases. In our daily life, we can often hear or read the news that a middle-aged scientist, writer and artist died suddenly with a "healthy" body, which makes people feel sorry. Someone once published a thought-provoking investigation report: according to the physical examination survey of more than 1 100 middle and senior intellectuals in 22 universities and scientific research institutions in 0 provinces and cities and the statistics of recent deaths of more than 20,000 middle and senior intellectuals, their life expectancy is about 10 years shorter than the national average life expectancy, of which 365,438+. The two major diseases that lead to the premature death of middle and senior intellectuals are malignant tumors and cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 53.87% and 20. 17% of the causes of death respectively. Although this material comes from intellectuals, it also has reference significance for other working people. According to a recent pathological anatomical data in Shanghai, 160 people died suddenly, and middle-aged people aged 30-59 had 123 people, accounting for 76.9%. Among 50 cases of sudden death in sleep, middle-aged people account for 80%. This shows that the incidence of sudden death in middle age is high.
An important reason for the premature death of middle-aged intellectuals is overload operation. Especially some middle-aged intellectuals, mostly in their forties and fifties, are generally overworked. Whether it is the front line of production, administration or social activities, their burden is very heavy.
In addition, most housework in China has not been socialized, and many middle-aged intellectuals often have to do housework after finishing their work. Moreover, there are old people and young people in the world. I am very tired, but I want to save money and nutrition for all ages.
In addition to the above social reasons, from a medical point of view, the adaptability of middle-aged people to coronary heart disease is worse than that of the elderly, and coronary heart disease is a major cause of sudden death. Modern medicine believes that the collateral circulation of coronary vessels in the heart has not been formed or is not complete enough because of the short time of middle-aged people suffering from coronary heart disease. Once the cardiovascular system fails, it can not compensate and continue to supply blood to the heart through collateral circulation, which leads to severe ischemia and hypoxia of the heart, and finally induces fatal ventricular fibrillation, leading to sudden death of patients.
Middle-aged intellectuals are the most dependent part of our society, but their premature death has become a problem that cannot be ignored due to the comprehensive effect of many unfavorable factors such as physiology, work, family and social activities.
On the surface, "sudden death" is extremely sudden and unpredictable. But in fact, "sudden death" is also a development process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and its sudden death is not without cause. On the contrary, sudden death is almost invariably taken away by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Long-term fatigue and mental stress are important factors leading to coronary heart disease and hypertension. Many people think that coronary heart disease, hypertension and hyperlipidemia are "patents" for the elderly. However, this disease often appears in some middle-aged people who usually feel good about themselves in physical examination. Because these diseases are generally mild or moderate among young and middle-aged people, and the physical function of young and middle-aged people is stronger than that of the elderly, they may not have obvious feelings about the disease itself and often take it lightly. In this way, it is equivalent to laying a fuse for the outbreak of sudden death.
There are still some people who know that they are sick, but because their illness is not serious or they are too busy at work, they insist on working despite their illness and neglect the necessary treatment and rest. They thought that they were in the prime of life, had some minor illnesses and disasters, and the first resistance passed. As everyone knows, once you fall, you may never get up again.
In addition, bad habits such as smoking and drinking are also very harmful to health. Excessive smoking and drinking just happens when work or life is unsatisfactory, working overtime and burning the midnight oil. At this time, the harm of tobacco and alcohol to human body is even worse than usual, which makes people's body and mind fall into a vicious circle.
In short, although "sudden death" occurs suddenly, the "incubation period" is very long. As long as hidden dangers are discovered early, they can be prevented before they happen. Early detection and timely treatment of diseases; Get rid of bad habits; Reasonable arrangement of work, rest and entertainment is very important to keep healthy. At the same time, maintaining mental health can not be ignored. People's emotions will have a great influence on their physical condition. As the saying goes, "Laugh for ten years, worry for ten years", which is not idealism, but the embodiment of consciousness's reaction to matter in people. As we all know, people's conscious activities such as nervousness, fear, shame and anger are accompanied by changes in physical activities such as increased heart rate, sweating, blushing, shortness of breath or pause. Therefore, maintaining an optimistic, stable mood and a good psychological state can often play a miraculous effect that no medicine can match. When people reach middle age, they must not leave listening to music, dancing, outing and sports activities to teenagers, but only concentrate on their work and housework. Sports activities and entertainment play an excellent role in regulating emotions and eliminating tension and fatigue. Many elderly people who have been engaged in intense work for a long time are fishing fans, dance fans and sports enthusiasts. 3. Physical changes of middle-aged people
The main purpose of middle-aged people's health preservation is to keep healthy, resist aging and delay aging. Although aging is inevitable in life, appropriate measures can slow down its progress. Aging mainly starts from human physiology. Middle-aged people should face up to aging, plan ahead early and strengthen self-care, so as to resist aging and prolong life.
Aging is an inevitable stage in life. The aging process reflects the gradual decline of the internal structure and function of the human body, and middle age is the transition period from adulthood to old age. Generally speaking, from the age of 40, that is, entering the aging period, people's various physiological functions and energy begin to decline, and the aging phenomenon is gradually obvious at the age of 45-50. The physiological changes of middle-aged people are mainly reflected in the following aspects.
(1) changes of bones in middle-aged people
With the increase of age, the moving organs of the human body will inevitably age and degenerate. Bones are composed of organic and inorganic substances. Inorganic matter accounts for 2/3 of the weight of the bone, which ensures the hardness of the bone; Organic matter accounts for 1/3 of the weight of bones, which ensures the elasticity of bones.
When people reach middle age, when the growth period of bones is completed, calcium ions in human plasma are continuously exchanged with calcium in body fluids and calcium in bones, but the body constantly regenerates and absorbs bones, resulting in a negative balance of normal calcium exchange. This can lead to osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Therefore, the elasticity and toughness of middle-aged people's bones decrease and brittleness increases, which is prone to fracture. The articular cartilage becomes thinner, the joint capsule becomes stiff, the elasticity of the joint ligament weakens, and the range of motion of the joint decreases. Osteoporosis in middle-aged people, without any symptoms at first, can be called recessive osteoporosis. To a certain extent, after X-ray examination, cortical bone becomes thinner and trabecular bone becomes thinner. At this time, a fracture will occur in the case of minor trauma. According to statistics, people lose 30% calcium in middle age. However, when they are osteogenic, calcium is often concentrated in bone joints, forming various hypertrophic joint lesions, which is hyperosteogeny. Therefore, hyperosteogeny is a manifestation of calcium deficiency in human body.
(2) Changes of digestive system in middle-aged people.
By middle age, the nature of people's labor in social production posts has been basically stereotyped, and the variety and quantity of diet have basically formed habits. Most middle-aged people have a relatively stable diet. In the middle of middle age, the anabolism and catabolism of human body are in a state of balance, so the functional state of gastrointestinal tract is relatively stable. However, with the increase of age, the digestion and absorption function of gastrointestinal tract decreased. In the late middle age, some middle-aged people's teeth began to fall off, so that food directly entered the stomach without full chewing, which obviously increased the burden on the stomach. In addition, with the increase of age, the gastrointestinal mucosa and muscles atrophy, and the digestive juice secreted by the gastrointestinal mucosa decreases, especially bile and pancreatic juice, which delays the digestion and absorption of foods such as fat and protein. Intestinal peristalsis slows down, which increases the absorption of water and is often prone to constipation. Therefore, the decline of gastrointestinal function will inevitably lead to the decline of systemic nutritional status. Therefore, some people say: "With the change of age, gastrointestinal function declines, which is a real threat to middle-aged people." This is not unreasonable.
(3) Changes of respiratory system in middle-aged people.
With the increase of age, the physiological adjustment function of middle-aged people gradually decreases, and the defensive reflex ability decreases, which leads to the decrease of the responsiveness of the upper respiratory tract to harmful stimuli, so it is easy to cause damage to the lower respiratory tract. At the same time, vital capacity and pulmonary blood decreased, respiratory function reserve decreased gradually, and residual lung capacity increased gradually. In addition, after middle age, the pectoral muscles and ligaments atrophy, and the ribs harden, which leads to the hardening of the chest, obvious kyphosis of the thoracic vertebrae, barrel-shaped deformation of the chest, and weakened elasticity of lung tissue, which is easy to form "senile emphysema". Due to the decrease of alveoli and capillaries, the decrease of gas exchange, the decrease of bronchial submucosa cells, the increase of connective tissue and fat, and the atrophy of mucosa and mucous glands, the resistance of middle-aged people to exogenous and endogenous poisons is reduced.
Middle-aged people's respiratory mucociliary epithelium began to atrophy and fall off, which hindered the clearance function of mucociliary system, and the decline of immune function was also a factor that made the lower respiratory tract vulnerable.
(4) Changes of cardiovascular system in middle-aged people.
Throughout one's life, the heart beats around the clock. Like other organs, its function will gradually decline with age. The main changes are myocardial atrophy, fibrous tissue increase, lipofuscin deposition in myocardium, which leads to dark brown color, endocardium hypertrophy, valve fibrosis and calcification, and the number of special myocardial fibers in conduction system and pacemaker cells in sinus node decreases, so the heart rate can change slowly or rapidly, and even arrhythmia occurs.
The blood volume of the heart gradually decreases with the increase of age, so the blood volume of the heart gradually decreases, and the coronary blood flow also decreases. When people reach middle age, their blood volume will decrease by 0.75% ~ 1.0% every year. 4. Psychological stress of middle-aged people
Middle-aged people are the backbone of society, shouldering the role of connecting the preceding with the following, with declining physical fitness, increasing diseases and great psychological pressure. Therefore, the mental health care of middle-aged people is very important. Only by maintaining psychological balance and self-regulation can the tree of middle-aged life be evergreen all the year round.