The top ten thinkers in the world refer to the ten most influential thinkers in the pre-Qin period. From "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals": "Being gentle, Confucius being benevolent, being both, Guanyin being noble and clear, Liezi being noble and empty, Chen Pian being noble and neat, Yang Gui being centered on me, Sun Bin being noble and powerful, expensive but not expensive, and the son being kind but not expensive. These ten people are all heroes in the world. "

Chinese Name: Top Ten in the World

Representative works: Laozi, Analects of Confucius, Mozi, etc.

Occupation: thinker

Time: Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period

Members: Confucius Liezi, etc.

Nationality: China.

introduce

The top ten thinkers in the world refer to the ten most influential thinkers in the pre-Qin period. From "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals": "Being gentle, Confucius being benevolent, being both, Guanyin being noble and clear, Liezi being noble and empty, Chen Pian being noble and neat, Yang Gui being centered on me, Sun Bin being noble and powerful, expensive but not expensive, and the son being kind but not expensive. These ten people are all heroes in the world. "

Lao Dan

Lao Zi, surnamed Li Minger, is called Bo Yang. Huaxia nationality, a native of Qurenli in Chugu County, lived between 57 1 and 47 1 years ago. He was a great philosopher, thinker and founder of Taoist school in ancient China, and was honored as the ancestor of Li by the emperor of Tang Dynasty. Laozi is a world cultural celebrity and one of the world's 100 historical celebrities, including Tao Te Ching (also known as Laozi). The essence of his works is simple dialectics, which advocates inaction, and his theory has a far-reaching impact on the development of China's philosophy. In Taoism, Laozi is regarded as the ancestor of Taoism. Laozi and Zhuangzi of later generations are also called Zhuang zi.

Confucius

Confucius (September 28th, 55 BC1year-April, 479 BC 1 1), surnamed Kong, was born in Xiayi County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, and was born in Lu, now Qufu City, Shandong Province. China is a famous great thinker and educator. Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and was the founder of Confucian school.

Educated by Laozi, Confucius led some disciples around the world for fourteen years. In his later years, he studied six classics: Poetry, Shu, Li, Yue, Yi and Chunqiu. According to legend, he has 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their re-disciples recorded the words and deeds, quotations and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled the Confucian classic The Analects.

In ancient times, Confucius was regarded as a "saint of heaven" and a "muduo of heaven". He was one of the most knowledgeable scholars in the society at that time, and was honored by the rulers of later generations as the saint, the most holy and the most holy teacher of Confucius, the master of Wang Xuan and the teacher of all ages. His Confucianism has a far-reaching influence on China and the world, and Confucius is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World". Confucius is regarded as the ancestor of Confucianism (non-Confucianism). With the expansion of Confucius' influence, Confucius' sacrifice once became a "great sacrifice" at the same level as the ancestor of God and country. This honor is only Confucius besides Laozi.

Mozi

Mozi (the year of birth and death is unknown), whose real name is Zhai (dí), was born in the Song Dynasty at the end of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Mozi, a descendant of Mu Yi, an aristocrat in the Song Dynasty, worked as a doctor in the Song Dynasty. He was the founder of Mohism and a famous thinker, educator, scientist and strategist in the Warring States Period.

Mozi is the only philosopher born as a farmer in the history of China. Mozi founded Mohism, which had a great influence in the pre-Qin period, and was called "one of the best" with Confucianism. He put forward the viewpoints of "universal love", "non-aggression", "Shang Xian", "Shang Tong", "ambition", "ghost", "death", "unhappiness" and "frugality". Take universal love as the core, frugality and sage as the fulcrum. Mozi founded a set of scientific theories with outstanding achievements in geometry, physics and optics during the Warring States Period. At that time, a hundred schools of thought contended and were called "non-Confucian Jimo". After Mozi's death, Mohism was divided into three schools: Xiangri Chi Mo, Xiangfumo and Denglingmo. According to the historical data of Mozi's life, disciples collected his quotations and completed Mozi, a book handed down from ancient times.

Avalokitesvara

Yin, whose real name is Wengong, is, Mr. and Guanyin. Tianshui, Gansu, has studied ancient books since childhood, is proficient in calendars, is good at observing astronomy, learns astrology, and can know the past and see the future. From officials of the Zhou Dynasty to doctors, Zhou was in chaos for 23 years. He quit his job as a doctor and was transferred to Hanguguan. When I met Laozi, he was awarded the Tao Te Ching. Buried in Guoyang County, Anhui Province.

Liezi

Liezi, a Han nationality, was originally named in Yukou ("Liezi" is the honorific title of the world). He was born in Putian (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province), the state of Zheng in the Eastern Zhou and Warring States Period in China, and later was the Ancient Emperor Lieshan. An outstanding representative of Taoist school, a famous thinker and writer. It has a far-reaching influence on later philosophy, literature, science and technology, health preservation, music and religion. He is the author of Liezi, whose theory originated from Huangdi Laozi and belongs to Laozi. The pre-Qin school of philosophy (Liezixue) was established. He is an important successor of Taoist school between Laozi and Zhuangzi.

Chen Qing

Tian Pian was a thinker in China during the Warring States Period. Also known as Chen Yong, a native of Qi, has the same surname as the imperial clan of Tianqi. He is one of the most influential scholars in Jixia Academy. He studied Huang Lao and is as famous as Shen Dao. He once gave lectures and was eloquent. The masterpiece is Tian Zi.

Yang Sheng

Yang Zhu (about 395 BC-about 335 BC), about 450 BC-about 370 BC, surnamed Yang, was a great thinker and philosopher in the early Warring States period in China, who advocated the ideas of "emphasizing righteousness", "rebirth" and "not losing a dime". He is the founder of Yang Zhu School of Taoism. His dissolution can be found in Liezi, Zhuangzi, Mencius, Han Feizi and Lv Chunqiu. During the Warring States period, there was a phenomenon that "the words of the world did not belong to Yang, but to Mo", which showed the great influence of his theory.

The famous disciples are Meng Sunyang and Xin, and those who inherit this theory are Zi, Zhan He, Ta Xiao and others. His theory is not shallow and simple "selfishness". They developed Laozi's thought, aiming at realizing the overall harmony of society through individual self-improvement. Their views of "attaching importance to life" and "whole life" are very enlightening to later Zhuang Zhou.

Liezi is a Taoist work in the pre-Qin period, including an article entitled Yang Zhu. According to archaeological proof, this article is Yang Zhu's theory, which is in the same strain as Yang Zhu such as Zhongshu and Mou Wei, and represents Yang Zhu's philosophical thought. Among them, merciless records prove that Confucian scholars such as Mencius and Xunzi took Yang Zhu out of context.

Bin Sun

Sun Bin (birth and death year unknown), whose real name is Sun Boling (genealogy can be found in Sun Shi, Shandong Province), was a strategist in China during the Warring States Period, Han nationality, and was born in Juancheng, Shandong Province. Born between A and Gan (now north of Juancheng County, Heze City, Shandong Province), he is a descendant of Sun Wu.

Bin Sun, a former classmate of Pang Juan, was physically disabled by Pang Juan. Later, he went to Qi with the help of an envoy of Qi, and was appointed as a military adviser, helping Tian Ji, the general of Qi, to defeat Pang Juan twice, winning the battle of Guiling and Maling, which laid the foundation for Qi's hegemony.

In Tang Dezong, 64 famous martial arts masters such as Sun Bin were enshrined in Wu Wang Chengsi, known as the sixty-four generals of Wu Wang Chengsi. Song Huizong addressed Sun Bin as Wu Qingbo, one of the seventy-two generals of Wu Song Temple.

Liao Wang

Liao Wang (? —? ), Han nationality, Warring States, a famous strategist and strategist. Jia Yi's On Qin: "Wuqi, Sun Bin, Dai Tuo, Ni Liang, Liao Wang, Tian Ji, Lian Po and Zhao She made their soldiers". Because there are few records about Liao Wang in the History of Shu and Hubei in the past dynasties, this passage in On Qin is intended to illustrate the contrast between the six countries and the State of Qin, and the famous ministers and generals of the six countries are all listed. Thus, Liao Wang should be one of the six generals.

Xiaoji

Ni Liang was born in the Warring States Period. A famous soldier and strategist. Jia Yi's On Qin: "Wuqi, Sun Bin, Dai Tuo, Ni Liang, Liao Wang, Tian Ji, Lian Po and Zhao She made their soldiers". "Jiao's Artistic Forest-Benefit in Face": "Take Tuo and Ni Liang, know the strength of soldiers, the generals are United, and the enemy is unstoppable, Zhao Weiqiang."

Ni Liang is the ancestor of Ni Kuan, an ancient imperial historian in the Western Han Dynasty. ~/before kloc-0/03). Ni Kuan was born in Qiancheng County (now Jani Village, Shi Cun Township, Guangrao County, Dongying City) when he was Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. My family was poor when I was a child. Every time I work in the fields, I always hang the Five Classics on a hoe hook and read them whenever I have time. It is widely circulated because of the story of "hoeing the ground with classics".