Winter diet
People who are weak should not eat blindly.
In the cold winter, many people like to eat hot pot. Hot pot is not greasy, but it produces more heat and has strong ability to keep warm and keep out the cold. Therefore, it is good to eat more dog meat in severe winter.
However, we must not blindly eat dog meat, so as not to eat rabies meat and get rabies.
Do not drink tea after eating dog meat. This is because tannic acid in tea and protein in dog meat combine to produce a substance called protein tannic acid. This substance has a certain astringent effect, which can weaken intestinal peristalsis and reduce the moisture in the stool. Therefore, toxic substances and carcinogens in the stool will stay in the intestine for too long and are easily collected by the human body. Therefore, it is not advisable to drink tea immediately after eating dog meat.
It is not advisable to eat casserole dishes often.
For the dishes stewed in casserole, protein, an animal edible raw material, degrades due to long heating time, and the hydration ability of water is weakened, and a large amount of gelatinous liquid is precipitated, which increases its toughness and makes its taste worse, which is not good for human body. Moreover, the loss rate of minerals and vitamins in raw materials during casserole stew is high.
In addition, due to strict sealing, it is difficult for the odor substances in the raw materials to escape, and there are still some valeric acid and low fat in the raw materials and soup materials, which generate substances harmful to the human body in the thermal reaction.
Don't drink overheated drinks.
Drinking beverages with excessive temperature will cause extensive skin and mucosal damage. Protein begins to denature at 43℃, and gastrointestinal mucus will be irreversibly degraded at 60℃. When the temperature is above 47℃, all blood cells, cultured cells and transplanted organs will die, so don't drink overheated drinks often in winter.
Avoid eating sweet potatoes with dark spots.
Sweet potato with brown or black spots on the skin is polluted by black spot pathogen. The toxin discharged by black spot fungus contains sweet potato ketone and sweet potato ketol, which makes sweet potato hard and bitter, and is harmful to human liver. The biological activity of this toxin can't be destroyed by boiling, steaming and roasting, so eating raw or cooked sweet potatoes with dark spots will be poisoned.
Oranges should not be eaten too much.
Oranges are high-calorie fruits. If you eat too much at a time, adults and children will get angry and have symptoms such as dry mouth and sore throat. Therefore, oranges should not be eaten more. If they are already "on fire", they can use 50 grams of kelp, wash it and chop it up, and fry it instead of tea.
Avoid pickled sauerkraut that is not fully preserved.
Salt-free pickled cabbage contains a lot of nitrite, which enters human blood circulation, oxidizes normal low iron into high iron, and makes red blood cells lose their oxygen-carrying function. Lead to systemic hypoxia, chest tightness, shortness of breath, fatigue, listlessness and other symptoms. In addition, ammonium nitrite compounds are carcinogens.
As the temperature drops day by day, although the clothes get thicker one by one, it seems that it is still difficult to resist the cold feeling. In fact, clothes can only keep warm. If you want to increase the body's heat energy, you must rely on the efficacy of food.
Eating hot pot and drinking is not suitable for everyone.
Traditional ways to keep out the cold include eating hot pot and drinking. Eating hot pot in winter can really increase the feeling of warmth, but hot pot heating is not suitable for everyone. This is because the winter climate is relatively dry and the hot pot seasoning tends to be warm. Those who have symptoms of yin deficiency and internal heat such as dry mouth, sore throat and dry stool should eat less or not.
After drinking, people will feel warm all over, so many people think it is a good way to keep out the cold, and even some winter swimmers will deliberately drink some wine before going into the water. In fact, this warmth is just an illusion. After drinking, the whole body feels warm because alcohol causes sympathetic nerve excitement and releases more energy in a short time. But this warmth is very short-lived. With the expansion of blood vessels, people will feel colder after losing a lot of heat.
Ten principles of healthy diet in winter
Winter is the best season for food supplement. While enjoying delicious food, people can also metabolize and keep healthy. However, we should also pay attention to the balanced intake of nutrition in winter diet. Next, let's take a look at the 10 winter diet health guide.
1, staple food and non-staple food
Usually, the staple food we refer to refers to rice, noodles, miscellaneous grains and so on. And non-staple food refers to meat, eggs, vegetables and other foods. Staple food and non-staple food are indispensable.
Some people advocate eating more meat and less food, which is not in line with the way of health preservation. Some people want to lose weight and only eat staple food instead of non-staple food, but in this way, excess starch will be decomposed into glucose in the body and stored as fat. Some people think that the staple food is not nutritious, they don't eat dinner, their diet is impermanent, and snacks are constantly available. These do not meet the requirements of healthy diet.
2. The ratio of flour and rice to coarse grains is 4: 6.
Eating coarse grains has become a new fashion in recent years. Many people like to eat coarse grains, thinking that it has high nutritional value and good taste, which is beneficial to teeth and facial muscles.
However, although coarse grains are good, it is not advisable to eat more. Because it contains too much dietary fiber, it will affect the human body's absorption of protein, inorganic salts and some, and even damage the human reproductive capacity. In the daily diet, it is healthiest to control the ratio of flour and rice to coarse grains at 4: 6.
3. Acidity and alkalinity
In fact, the acidity and alkalinity of food is not determined by our taste, but related to its mineral content.
So fruits usually taste sour, such as lemon and carambola, but they are all alkaline foods. Another example is rice, which has no obvious taste response and is acidic food. According to the classification of daily food, most animal foods are acidic foods, such as fish, meat and shellfish. In addition, most cereals and some nuts are also acidic foods.
4. Meat and vegetarian food
Reasonable combination of meat and vegetables can not only satisfy people's appetite, but also avoid increasing the burden on blood and heart due to eating too much animal food. Our China people's eating habits are mainly based on plant food, supplemented by animal food. This diet is more conducive to longevity.
5, thin
Every meal should be lean, and some people only eat dry food in order to save trouble, which not only affects the absorption effect of the stomach, but also easily causes imbalance in the proportion of nutrients. Of course, eating thin rice is not a good habit. Nutrition experts suggest that fat people should be diluted first and then dried, while thin people should be dried first and then diluted.
6. Variety and quantity
The more kinds of food you eat every day, the better, but the quantity should be properly controlled.
7, ups and downs.
Eat more bitter and spicy, and eat less sweet and sour.
8, small fire and fire
Eat more food cooked with low fire (stew, stew, heat and simmer) and less food cooked with high fire (fry, explode and burn).
9. Cold and hot
There are four kinds of food: cold, hot, warm and cold. Nutrition experts suggest a balanced diet, supplemented by heat for those who are cold and cold for those who are hot. If this balance is destroyed, it will definitely hurt the body, and maintaining this balance can prolong life.
For example: drink a bowl of cool mung bean soup in hot summer; When it is cold in winter, drink red bean soup; To eat cold crabs, you must eat some Jiang Mo and have another drink after eating; To eat instant-boiled mutton in winter, you must match some cold cabbage, tofu, vermicelli and so on.
10, hungry and full
Don't be too hungry and full, too hungry hurts the intestines and too full hurts the stomach. Scientific diet is conducive to protecting organ health. If the long-term hunger and satiety are not balanced, it will not only affect the gastrointestinal function, but also get chronic digestive tract in the long run. Therefore, if you want to be healthy, you can divide it into two types: hunger and cold.
Matters needing attention
Adapting to the climate characteristics in winter and paying attention to nourishing yin can get twice the result with half the effort. In addition, the cold weather also makes people's metabolism rise, and skin blood vessels contract and dissipate less heat. Therefore, in the winter diet, you can add more paste and strong flavor, such as stew, boiled fish, hot pot and so on. Specifically, the key points of healthy diet in winter are as follows:
Eat more high-calorie foods to keep out the cold.
The principles of diet in cold winter are: first, rich nutrition and sufficient calories; Second, food should be warm, which helps to protect yin qi in the body. Under the guidance of this theory, Chinese medicine has summarized some cold-proof foods, such as mutton, beef, ham, chicken and dog meat. Zanthoxylum bungeanum, pepper, garlic, ginger, mushroom, leek, leek; Walnut, longan, chestnut, jujube, preserved apricot, litchi, orange, grapefruit, pine nuts, etc. Fruit not only supplements enough nutrition, but also protects human yang, making people feel warm after eating.
Eat more nutritious food.
Although winter is refreshing, it is too dry. When the humidity of the weather is only 22%, it is inevitable that your lips and tongue will be dry. Dry winter is particularly prone to cough, which is almost always a dry cough, and the treatment method is mainly moistening dryness. In short, everyone should "moisten" when it is dry in winter, such as eating boiled sugar water, carrot horseshoe water, stewed apples with Fritillaria and so on.
Pay attention to food supplement.
Because of this, many people are used to taking some supplements in winter. Ginseng, velvet antler, donkey-hide gelatin and astragalus are beneficial to people, but if taken improperly, they often bring some side effects. Proper food supplement is economical and has no side effects. Therefore, tonic health care in winter should first follow the principle that "medicine is better than food".
Eat less salty and suffer more.
In winter, the kidney meridian is vigorous, the kidney dominates salty and the heart dominates bitter. According to the five elements theory of traditional Chinese medicine, saltiness wins bitterness, and kidney water wins heart water. If the salty taste is too much, it will make the kidney water, which is already high, stronger, thus weakening the power of the heart yang. Therefore, we should eat more bitter food to help the heart yang and resist too much kidney water.
It's good to eat hot pot in winter, because eating hot pot can warm up the human yang. Avoid eating sticky and cold food, because this kind of food belongs to the yang, which is easy to damage the yang of the spleen and stomach. However, when the zang-fu organs are deficient in heat, get angry or have a fever, you can eat some cold foods appropriately, but not too much or too much to prevent damage to the spleen and stomach. In addition, for normal people, the winter diet should follow the principle of "nourishing yang in autumn and winter" and eat more high-calorie foods, such as lotus root, fungus and pepper. In order to avoid vitamin deficiency, you should also eat more fresh fruits.
Eat more root vegetables containing inorganic salts.
People's fear of cold is related to the lack of inorganic salts in their diet. Eat more vegetables with roots in winter, such as carrots, lilies, sweet potatoes, lotus roots, Chinese cabbage and vegetables. Because the roots of vegetables contain more inorganic salts, salt is very important for human body to keep out the cold and can enhance the heat-producing function of human body. The content of calcium in human body can improve the flexibility and excitability of human heart, blood vessels and muscles, and calcium supplementation can improve the cold resistance of human body. Foods containing more calcium include shrimp skin, oysters, peanuts, clams, milk and so on.
Eat more foods containing vitamins.
Eat more foods rich in vitamins A, 2 and C. The cold climate will strengthen the oxidation function of the human body, and the vitamin metabolism of the human body will also change significantly. In order to prevent the occurrence of angular stomatitis, cheilitis and glossitis. 2 mainly exists in animal liver, eggs, milk, beans and other foods; Vitamin A can strengthen the body, and you can eat more animal liver, carrots, pumpkins and sweet potatoes. Vitamin C can improve the human body's resistance to cold, and has a good adjuvant therapeutic effect on preventing and treating diseases such as colds, hypertension and arteriosclerosis. We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, such as Chinese cabbage, rape, spinach, carrots, bean sprouts, oranges and kiwis.
◎ Appropriate supplementation of selenium-containing foods.
At the turn of winter and spring, hepatitis virus is particularly active. In order to prevent hepatitis and protect the liver, we should choose foods rich in selenium in our diet. Such as animal liver, oysters, lean meat, selenium-enriched tea, etc. It can not only improve the selenium level of human body, but also protect the liver, which has a good preventive effect.
◎ Appropriate supplementation of iodine-containing foods
Because the human thyroid gland can secrete a hormone called thyroxine, which can produce heat, accelerate the oxidation process of tissues and cells, improve the basic metabolism of the human body, increase heat, accelerate the blood circulation of the skin and produce a warm feeling. Adequate thyroxine plays an important role in human cold resistance. Foods rich in iodine include hairtail, shrimp and oysters.
◎ Appropriate supplementation of iron-containing foods
Experiments show that the body temperature of anemic women is 0.7℃ lower than that of women with normal hemoglobin, the heat production is less 13%, the metabolism is obviously reduced, and they are more afraid of cold than ordinary people. Therefore, we should eat more iron-rich foods such as animal blood, egg yolk and spinach in winter.
Eat some ginger properly.
People often say that "there is ginger in winter, and it is not afraid of wind and frost". Regular consumption of ginger can promote blood circulation, sweating, gastric juice secretion and intestinal peristalsis, help digestion and stimulate appetite. Ginger also has antioxidant effect, and is often used for adjuvant treatment of exogenous cold, headache, cough, stomach cold and vomiting.
Don't neglect drinking water.
Many people think that winter is cold and people sweat less, so they can drink less or not. This understanding is wrong. Although people sweat less in winter, tissue fluid can lose a lot of water through skin evaporation. An adult loses about 600 ml of water a day. This kind of water evaporation is done unconsciously, so it is also called "non-inductive evaporation". When people breathe, they also lose water. When inhaling oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide from respiratory tract, the body surface must be kept moist. This alone consumes 500 ml of water every day, and when defecation loses water, the water discharged by the human body is about 2500 ml a day. In winter, as long as the human body loses 5% water and can't replenish it in time, the skin will shrink, the muscles will become weak, and the metabolites in the body will stay, and people will feel tired, irritable, headache, dizziness, weakness, and even induce more serious diseases.
porridge
Speaking of tonic, there are two kinds, one is food tonic and the other is medicine tonic, but "medicine tonic is not as good as food tonic". Eating porridge in winter and drinking a bowl of hot and delicious porridge in cold temperatures is a good meal for adults who come home from work, children who come back from school and elderly people who rest at home. Porridge is generally cooked with rice, which tastes sweet and flat, while other rice, such as millet, millet and barley, tastes sweet and slightly cold. So it is more beneficial to eat rice in winter. Rice has the effects of regulating stomach qi, tonifying spleen deficiency, strengthening bones and muscles and regulating five internal organs. In addition to cooking rice porridge, you can also cook it into:
Yam porridge
50g of Chinese yam (peeled), 50g of rice, 50g of honey and 50g of edible oil. Cut the yam into small pieces, fry it in oil, add honey, cook the rice into porridge, add the fried yam and cook it. Yam is a good product for invigorating spleen.
Li Zizhou
50 grams of chestnuts (peeled), 50 grams of rice, a little salt. Cook raw chestnuts in a pressure cooker (less water), peel them, mash them, put them in washed rice, add water to cook porridge, and add salt to taste. Chestnut can be used to treat waist and knee pain caused by deficiency of kidney-qi.
Sesame porridge
Sesame 10g, rice 50g, and appropriate amount of honey or salt. Stir-fry sesame seeds, wash rice and cook it into porridge. Add sesame seeds and honey or salt to serve. Sesame is divided into white sesame and black sesame, and white sesame is good for intestines and lungs; Black sesame can enter the kidney and strengthen the bones and muscles.
Almond porridge
About 20 almonds (peeled), 50 grams of rice, a little sugar or salt. Wash rice and cook porridge. When it is almost cooked, add almonds and continue to cook until it is cooked. Add some sugar or salt. Almonds can relieve cough, asthma, phlegm and dryness.
Walnut gouqi porridge
30 grams of walnut kernel, washed and mashed; Lycium barbarum 15g, washed; 50 grams of rice, washed and boiled with appropriate amount of water. Because the urine is not clean.
Pear porridge
3 pears, washed, peeled, pitted and cut into pieces. Add appropriate amount of water and boil for half an hour. Wash 50 grams of rice and cook it into thick porridge. When it is almost ripe, add pear juice and pear pieces and cook until it is cooked. It has the effects of moistening lung, clearing heart fire, resolving phlegm and reducing fire, and is effective in treating cough caused by lung heat in children.
Tripe rice porridge
200g tripe, 50g rice and a little salt. Wash the tripe with salt, dice it, boil it into rotten porridge with washed rice and water, and season it with a little salt. It is a good food for children with weak body, loss of appetite and limb weakness after illness.
Grains healthy Zhou
Ingredients: 50g of rice, buckwheat 1 spoon, coix seed, black rice, gordon euryales, brown rice, red beans, wheat kernels, red dates 10, longan 10.
Practice: Wash buckwheat, coix seed, black rice, Gordon Euryale seed, brown rice, red beans and wheat kernels, then soak them in clear water for two hours, shell longan, and wash red dates and rice for later use; Pour the above raw materials into a pressure cooker, add a proper amount of water, cover the pressure valve, turn off the fire after the gas is exhausted, and then turn off the fire after the gas is exhausted. Just spray it three times.
knack for cooking
1. If you cook porridge with a rice cooker, it will be soft and rotten.
2. If you like sweets, you can add white sugar or brown sugar when you eat, which is better for enriching blood and benefiting qi.
In addition to the miscellaneous grains mentioned above, you can also make your own decisions according to your own situation. However, no matter what is added, it is suggested that the raw materials should not be short of coix seed, black rice, Gordon Euryale, brown rice, red beans, red dates and longan.
4. Don't save rice. Its function in porridge can not only make porridge sticky, but also alleviate the rough taste of miscellaneous grains and protect the stomach.
It is ok to replace it with glutinous rice, but it is easy to increase the burden on the stomach. And glutinous rice is also high in calories, and rice is the best.
Tips: Through the narration of the above article, I believe everyone knows something about winter diet. Although winter is a good time to make up, we should also make up according to the principle, and we should not make up indiscriminately. I recommend some tonic methods and principles to you. I hope everyone can pay attention to them and let you really mend your body.