Area: the total area of the city 1 1258 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 963 square kilometers.
City business card
★ China's historical and cultural city
★ Excellent tourist city in China
★ China Brand Economy City
★ Charming city with China characteristics
★ Top 100 cities with investment environment in China.
★ Top Ten Cities for Afforestation and Greening in China
★ National advanced city prospering through science and education
★ Top 50 financial and ecological cities in China
★ National advanced cities for voluntary blood donation
★ National environmental protection model city
★ National Garden City
★ Civilized cities in Jiangsu Province
★ Best investment city for Zhejiang businessmen (outside the province)
★ Top Ten Candidate Cities for Economic Vitality of ★CCTV (China Central Television)
★CCTV2006 Candidate Cities of China's Charming Cities
★ Ranked in Forbes "Best Business City in Chinese mainland" list for many years.
★ It has been rated as "strongly recommended investment city" by Taiwan Province Electric Power Association for many years.
★ One of the five central cities in China section of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge.
★ One of the four mega-cities planned and constructed in Jiangsu Province and the core cities of the three metropolitan areas.
physical geography
Xuzhou is located in the northwest of Jiangsu province, east longitude11622 ′ ~11840 ′, north latitude 33 43 ′ ~ 34 58 ′. The east-west length is about 2 10/0km, and the north-south width is about140km, with a total area of11258km2, accounting for 1 1% of the total area of Jiangsu Province. Except for a few hills in the central and eastern regions, most of them are plains. The elevation of hilly land is generally around 00-200m, and the hilly area accounts for 9.4% of the city. Hills and mountains are divided into two groups. One group is located in the middle of the city, with different mountain heights. Dadong Mountain in the northeast of Tongshan County is the highest peak in the city, with an altitude of 36 1 m. The other group is located in the east of the urban area, with the highest point of Maling Mountain in the north of xinyi city, with an altitude of 122.9 meters. The general topography of the plain decreases from northwest to southeast, with an average slope of 1/7000- 1/8000. The plain accounts for about 90% of the total land area, and the altitude is generally between 30 and 50 meters.
Xuzhou is located in the lower reaches of Yi, Shu and Si, a tributary of the ancient Huaihe River, with the old course of the Yellow River as the watershed, with Yi, Shu and Si in the north and Sui and An in the south. Rivers crisscross, and lakes, swamps and reservoirs are all over the country. The abandoned Yellow River runs through the east and west, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the north and south, with Yishui, Shushu waters and Roman Lake in the east and Xia Xing, Dasha River and Weishan Lake in the west. There are 2 large reservoirs, 5 medium reservoirs and 84 small reservoirs, with a total storage capacity of 336.5438 billion cubic meters. There are many water conservancy facilities such as bridges, culverts, canals and gates, and a water network system with multi-functions such as flood control, irrigation, shipping and aquatic products has been initially formed.
Xuzhou has a warm temperate and semi-humid monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, no heat in summer and no cold in winter. Annual temperature 14℃, annual sunshine hours 2284-2495 hours, sunshine rate 52%-57%, annual frost-free period 200-220 days, annual precipitation 800-930 mm, and rainy season precipitation accounts for 56% of the whole year. Excellent climatic resources are conducive to crop growth. The main meteorological disasters are drought, flood, wind, frost, freezing and hail. The climate is characterized by four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine, moderate rainfall and both rain and heat. Among the four seasons, spring and autumn are short, winter and summer are long, the weather in spring is changeable, summer is hot and rainy, autumn is crisp, and cold waves frequently strike in winter.
Xuzhou is located at the intersection of north and south, and there are legends of heroic beauty in history. Lakes and mountains, combining rigidity with softness, the natural scenery has both the abrupt atmosphere in the north and the beauty of Zhong Ling in the south. Here the mountains are surrounded by water, and the hills are four in one. Mountains surround the city and the city is surrounded by mountains. The landscape features are very obvious. So the Yellow River passes through the city, and the Grand Canal flows alongside the city. It has always been known as "the key to the north and the gateway to the south". It has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times and is known as the "thoroughfare of five provinces".
mineral resources
Xuzhou is an important coal producing area in China and an electric power base in East China. It has more than 30 kinds of minerals such as coal, well salt, iron, titanium, marble and limestone, with large reserves and high grade. The proven reserves of coal are more than 3.9 billion tons, the predicted reserves are 6.9 billion tons, and the annual output is more than 25 million tons; Well salt reserves are 22 billion tons, with high grade, and the resource conditions for developing coal chemical industry and salt chemical industry are very superior; The annual production capacity of gypsum is 5 million tons, ranking first in East China.
Xuzhou is also a national grain and cotton production base, a production and processing export base of high-quality agricultural and sideline products, a demonstration area of straw raising livestock, a demonstration area of forestry science and technology development, and one of the five major vegetable producing areas. It is the hometown of ginkgo and apple in China, and one of the four plywood processing bases in China, with rich agricultural and sideline products resources.
History of Xuzhou
Xuzhou, known as Pengcheng in ancient times, has a history of civilization of more than 5,000 years. Emperor Yao established Dapeng country. Xuzhou has a history of more than 2,600 years and is the earliest city in Jiangsu. Yu Xia divided the whole country into Kyushu, and Xuzhou was one of them. At that time, "Xuzhou" was just the name of a natural economic region, and Pengcheng became the central city of this region.
When Emperor Yao established the Kingdom of Shi Peng in Peng Zu, Pengcheng got its name. During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Da Peng was very powerful and was once one of the five tyrants. Legend has it that Peng Zu, the founder of Dapeng Kingdom, lived to the age of 800 and was the founder of cooking and qigong in China. Peng Zu has a great influence in history. He was highly praised by Confucius and regarded as one of the founders by Taoism. Peng Zu's diet regimen plays an important role in the formation and development of China culture in the future. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Pengcheng was the capital of Song, Xu and Chu. On the occasion of the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, established Pengcheng as its capital. Pengcheng is also the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei and the Western Jin Dynasty, which lasted for more than 500 years. Liu Bang, the cloth emperor who came out from here, unified the whole country and created a glorious Han Dynasty in history. During the Western Han Dynasty, Pengcheng was an important vassal state of Liu, Wang, Chu and Pengcheng. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao moved to Xuzhou to administer Pengcheng, formerly known as Xuzhou.
Historically, Xuzhou citizens produced 1 1 founding emperors, so Xuzhou is also called "the land of the Millennium, the hometown of a generation of emperors".
More than 6000 years ago, the ancestors of Xuzhou lived and worked here. At the end of primitive society, Yao called Peng Zu a big country, and Xuzhou was called Pengcheng.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Pengcheng belonged to Song, and then to Chu. After the reunification of Qin Dynasty, Pengcheng County was established.
During the Chu-Han period, the overlord of the western Chu Dynasty built Pengcheng as its capital. Pengcheng County was established in the Western Han Dynasty and Pengcheng was established in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the name of the state. Jurisdiction over counties, townships, five counties and sixty-two counties. Yong County, in today's Dingdu County, Shandong Province. At the end of Han Dynasty, Pi moved to the east of Pi County, Jiangsu Province. The Three Kingdoms Cao Wei moved the capital to Pengcheng, which is now Xuzhou, Jiangsu. The jurisdiction is equivalent to the north of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu and the south of Shandong.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao moved the secretariat of Xuzhou to Pengcheng, which was called Xuzhou from the beginning.
Each generation of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties set up Pengcheng State or Xuzhou, mostly in Pengcheng.
Xuzhou was established in the Sui Dynasty, and then Pengcheng was ruled by Pengcheng County.
In the early Tang Dynasty, the names of Xuzhou and Pengcheng County were exchanged many times, and Xuzhou was the resident of our province in the middle and late period.
In the Five Dynasties, there were Xuzhou in each dynasty, which ruled Pengcheng and led 7 counties.
Xuzhou was established in Song and Yuan Dynasties, and its subordination and jurisdiction changed frequently.
At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Xuzhou was once the capital of Zhili, and later it belonged to Nanjing.
In the early Qing Dynasty, Xuzhou was successively Zhili Prefecture, belonging to jiangnan province and Jiangsu Province. At the end of Yongzheng, it was promoted to Xuzhou Prefecture, which governed 1 state 7 counties.
In the early Republic of China, the government was abolished, and Xuzhou was subordinate to Guo Tongshan County. Later, Xu Haidao was established to govern Tongshan (Xuzhou).
During the Japanese-Puppet War, Xuzhou was located in Tongshan County and was once the capital of Puppet Huaihai Province. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the National Government still owned Xuzhou, which belonged to Jiangsu.
1949 Xuzhou was temporarily managed by Shandong Province because Jiangsu Province was not completely liberated.
1953 65438+ 10 Xuzhou was officially placed under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu province.
Xuzhou now governs Fengxian, Peixian, Tongshan and Suining counties, Pizhou, xinyi city, Gulou District, Yunlong District, jiawang district, quanshan district and Jiuli District. June 5438 +20051October statistics: area 1 1258.3 square kilometers (including municipal districts 1037.7 square kilometers), population 9 16000 (including municipal districts/kloc-0)
General situation of economy
According to the China City Competitiveness Report issued by China Academy of Social Sciences, in 2006, Xuzhou ranked 42nd among 200 cities in China and was in a leading position among cities in northern Jiangsu. The report also shows that Xuzhou ranks high in terms of "cultural competitiveness", "regional competitiveness" and "environmental competitiveness", among which cultural competitiveness ranks 10 in the whole country. Experts pointed out that Xuzhou's competitiveness has steadily improved, showing great development potential.
Xuzhou has obvious geographical advantages, rich resources, strong industrial base, strong scientific and educational strength, excellent investment environment and vigorous economic and social development. In the regional economic structure of China, Xuzhou is at the junction of the eastern coastal development, the rise of central China and the western development. It is the junction of the Yangtze River Delta and Bohai Bay, and has obvious regional strategic characteristics of moving eastward and westward, connecting north and south, two-way opening and gradient advancement. At the same time, Xuzhou is also a key area for the development and construction of the East Longhai Line industrial belt in Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu Province regards the construction of the East Longhai Line Industrial Belt as a major strategy for the development of Jiangsu's regional economy, and is taking a series of effective measures to accelerate it, striving to build the East Longhai Line Industrial Belt into a new growth pole of Jiangsu's regional economy, and turn Xuzhou into an economic development "vibrant city" with strategic advantages of connecting the east with the west and connecting the north with the south. In 2006, Xuzhou achieved a regional GDP of142.9 billion yuan, an increase of 15 1%, surpassing the average growth rate of Jiangsu Province for the first time. The per capita GDP reached 16258 yuan, an increase of 5.8 percentage points higher than that of the whole country, and the absolute value exceeded 258 yuan, surpassing the national average for the first time. In the ranking of comprehensive competitiveness of mainland cities published by China Academy of Social Sciences, Xuzhou ranked 33rd, up 17 places from 2003. Together with Beijing, Shenyang and other 15 cities, Xuzhou was rated as a city with a steady improvement in comprehensive competitiveness.
Xuzhou's industry has basically formed four pillar industries: machinery, building materials, chemicals and food; new medicine, electronic information and environmental protection equipment are emerging industries; traditional industries such as coal, electricity, building materials, textiles and metallurgy have accelerated their development, forming a distinctive industrial system. Three enterprises rank among the top 500 in China, 10 enterprises rank among the top 100 enterprises in the same industry in China, and the output of more than 50 products ranks first in China or Jiangsu Province. Xuzhou's traditional service industry started earlier and has a solid foundation. The modern service industry has a sound format and a high level. Wal-Mart, Carrefour, Golden Eagle International, Central Department Store, Wangfujing Department Store and other well-known domestic and foreign businesses have settled in, forming the largest, most comprehensive and top-grade "business center circle" in Huaihai Economic Zone.
In recent years, Xuzhou City has made full use of the favorable opportunity of Jiangsu Province to speed up the revitalization and development of the East Longhai Line industrial belt in northern Jiangsu Province, and made great efforts to implement the four strategies of "big industry support, big project drive, big business circulation and big city construction" in accordance with the idea of "promoting point, line and area, and coordinating development among cities", thus making the city's economy and society develop rapidly. At present, Xuzhou has basically formed a distinctive industrial system, with construction machinery, building materials, chemicals and food as pillar industries, new medicine, electronic information and environmental protection equipment as emerging industries, and traditional industries such as coal, electricity, building materials, textiles and metallurgy have accelerated their development.
Xuzhou traffic
The traffic in Xuzhou is convenient and developed. Longhai and Beijing-Shanghai railway trunk lines intersect vertically and horizontally, and the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway to be built will run through Xuzhou. Xuzhou has five national highways, 20 provincial highways and five expressway networks, with a mileage of 350 kilometers, ranking among the top in China. The urban area is only 200 kilometers away from Lianyungang International Port, connected with expressway, with convenient canal and sea transportation. Xuzhou Guanyin Airport has opened more than 10 domestic routes such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. The underground oil pipeline in Luning runs through the territory, forming a modern three-dimensional transportation system of railway, highway, water transport, aviation and pipeline.
city planning
New city
● Modern big cities
● Improve the construction of the new center in the old city.
● The new urban area located in the southeast of the main urban area has started construction, with a planned area of 50 square kilometers and a starting area of 10 square kilometers.
● Respond to the development strategic layout of "Three Circles, Five Axes and Four Megacities" in Jiangsu Province.
● Reflect the development trend of "urbanization, modernization and ecology"
● Formulate the spatial pattern of "two cores and five groups" and construct the rapid growth structure of the city.
● In 2020, the planned urban population is 3 million, and the urban population is 2.2 million.
● New Town Planning
Xuzhou New Town is positioned as a commercial and government innovation zone. The construction of new urban areas should pay equal attention to the construction of functions and forms, with the administrative center area, central vitality area, higher education agglomeration area and modern logistics park as the main body, and the starting area 14 square kilometer will be basically built in five years, initially forming a modern new urban area with high business efficiency, modern industrial agglomeration and relatively perfect public service facilities.
Accelerate the construction of the "four vertical and five horizontal" trunk road network and external traffic passages in the new urban area, plan and build rail transit, and strive to start construction of light rail lines connecting the new and old urban areas. Implement municipal projects such as waterworks, thermal power plants, sewage treatment plants and large-scale garbage transfer stations in urban new areas, and build supporting service facilities such as schools, hospitals, entertainment, culture, sports and commerce. Relying on natural landscape resources, we will focus on the construction of Dalonghu Park and other projects, build an urban ecological system with high standards, carefully create an ecological green city with mutual penetration between cities and natural spaces, and basically form a framework for a modern new urban area.
xuzhou metropolitan circle
Xuzhou metropolitan area was put forward by Jiangsu province at the provincial urban work conference in 2000, and it is one of the three metropolitan areas in Jiangsu province. The scope includes: Xuzhou, Lianyungang and Suqian in Jiangsu Province; Suzhou City, Huaibei City, Anhui Province; Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, Weishan County, Jining City; Yongcheng city, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, * * * involves 8 prefecture-level cities, and the regional composition is mainly in Jiangsu Province. Spatial organization: the radius of the core layer is 50KM, including Xuzhou urban area and three counties (cities) of Tongshan, Pizhou and Peixian; The radius of dense layer is 100KM, including Suining, Fengxian, Xinyi, Suqian, Shangqiu yongcheng city, Anhui Suzhou, Huaibei, Shandong Zaozhuang and Jining Weishan County.
Higher education institutions
Xuzhou has strong scientific and educational strength and a large number of professional and technical personnel. At present, there are 12 institutions of higher learning, more than 40 high and intermediate vocational and technical colleges, 342 private vocational training institutions, 3/kloc-0 independent research institutes and 335 scientific and technological development institutions in China, ranking among the top cities in the country.
cultural tour
Peng Zu's Old Country Liu Bang's Hometown Xiang Yu's Old Capital
"The wind blows and clouds fly, the weaver girl returns to the hometown of the sea, and Andrew keeps all directions!" Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang walked out of Pengcheng and became the first emperor in the history of China. Since the Han Dynasty, Pengcheng has experienced great changes and rich historical and cultural remains.
The history of civilization of more than 4,000 years has left Xuzhou with a large number of cultural heritages and places of interest, just like the bright Milky Way hanging obliquely in the historical sky. Among them, the "three wonders of the Han Dynasty"-the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the Han Tomb and the Han Stone Relief are the most striking, which embodies the extraordinary creativity and profound wisdom of the ancients and is of great artistic appreciation and archaeological value. Xuzhou has found nearly 30 complete stone tombs, and about 400 scattered stone tombs of Han Dynasty, which are called "Three Treasures of Jiangsu" together with the stone carvings of Nanjing Six Dynasties and Suzhou Ming and Qing Gardens. Xuzhou, as the birthplace of Chinese culture, will hold the Chinese Culture International Tourism Festival at the beginning of 10 every year. Xuzhou is a world-famous war city, with an ancient battlefield of Jiulishan in ancient times and a new relic of Huaihai Campaign today. The scenic spots centered on Yunlong Mountain and Quanshan National Forest Park and the South Show in North America make Xuzhou a unique and excellent scenic spot.
Looking at Xuzhou from the Culture of Han Dynasty
"Qin Tang see Ann, Ming and Qing dynasties to see Beijing, the han dynasty to see xuzhou. "During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, there were 13 kings of Chu and five kings of Peng Cheng in Xuzhou. There are many Han tombs around this city. More than 200 Han tombs have been unearthed, all of which are tombs of princes and national interests in the Han Dynasty. The rich and precious cultural heritage of the Han Dynasty is rare in China. Han tombs with different structures, lifelike stone reliefs and lifelike terracotta warriors and horses are also called "the three wonders of the Han Dynasty". From 65438 to 0995, the excavation of the Tomb of the King of Chu in Lion Mountain was rated as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China and one of the top 100 new archaeological discoveries in China in the 20th century. The jade coffins and clothes unearthed in the tomb are rare treasures in the world and breathtaking.
Han cultural sites here can also be seen everywhere. The tombs of Liu Jiao, Liu Zhu, Liu Yong, and Liu Yanshou, the kings of Guishan and Woniushan in the Western Han Dynasty, all built underground palaces with mountains as their tombs, forming huge underground palaces. Besides the ancestral grave of Emperor Han Xian in Fengxian County, there are also Zhangliangni Bridge, Zifangshan Book Collection Office, Xiang Yu Horse Stage, Fan Zeng Tomb, Liu Bangjian Spring, Sishui Pavilion, etc. And there are countless Han cultural relics.
"Ming and Qing cultures look at Beijing, Sui and Tang cultures look at Ann, and Chinese cultures look at Xuzhou". This is the common sense of cultural tourists in China. Visible Xuzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China.
Xuzhou, the hometown of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, is also the place where he made his fortune. After Xiang Yu named Liu Bang as Hanwang in April 206 BC, after more than four years of Chu-Han War, Liu Bang held an emperor ceremony in Dingtao in June/kloc-0 BC and moved the capital to Chang 'an. At this time, the powerful Han Dynasty and the Western Roman Empire echoed each other and became the most powerful empire in the world at that time.
During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, there were thirteen kings of Chu and five kings of Pengcheng in Xuzhou, and there should be eighteen tombs. In fact, it's not only that. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, a Xiapi kingdom was enfeoffed in the present administrative area of Xuzhou, and four Xiapi kings were successively handed over. The tombs of these kings are gorgeous like underground palaces, and the treasures that the kings liked before their death and the savings of the state treasury are all in the graves. The tombs of han group in Xuzhou constitute one of the "three wonders" of Xuzhou's Han culture.
Eighteen Han tombs in Xuzhou have been excavated, including the second generation Chu tombs in Beidongshan, the third generation Chu tombs in Lion Mountain, the fourth (fifth) generation Chu tombs in Tolanshan, the sixth generation Chu tombs in Guishan, the eighth generation Chu tombs in Dongdongshan and the Pengcheng tomb in Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty. The most representative Chu tombs in Xuzhou in the Western Han Dynasty are those in Beidongshan, Guishan and Shizishan. Take "fine", "strange" and "heroic" as the guide. Known as one of the three wonders of Xuzhou culture, the Lion Mountain Terracotta Warriors and Horses are not only numerous, but also varied, showing rich contents: more than ten kinds of official figures with sleeves, guards wearing weapons, braided figures with long instruments, pedal combat boots, military figures with crossbows and bows, etc. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are not only the artistic treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military center. It is of great value not only to the study of sculpture art in Han Dynasty, but also to the study of social life, funeral system and military system in Han Dynasty.
Cliff-cave tombs were popular in Xuzhou during the Western Han Dynasty, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the shape of tombs changed and stone tombs prevailed in the Han Dynasty. Han Dynasty stone reliefs are murals carved by Han people in graves and auditoriums. Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty occupy an important position in the art history of China. Xuzhou is one of the concentrated distribution places of Han Dynasty stone reliefs in China. At present, there are more than 700 Han Dynasty stone reliefs unearthed in Xuzhou, and there are more than 500 Han Dynasty stone reliefs in Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum. Han Xu Stone Relief, Suzhou Garden and Nanjing Six Dynasties Mausoleum are also called "Three Treasures of Jiangsu Cultural Relics". Besides Han tombs, Han figurines and Han paintings, the cultural relics of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou are also unique and eye-catching in China Han culture. More than 220 pieces of colored sculptures were unearthed from the Chu tomb in Beidongshan; Armor, jade coffin and jade leopard unearthed from the Chu tomb in Lion Mountain; Crystal belt fish unearthed from the tomb of Chu king in Xiaoguishan, silver seal injected by Liu, and silver jade clothes unearthed from the tomb of Han dynasty in volcano; Gold-plated animal-shaped inkstone unearthed from the Han tomb in Tu Shan; Precious cultural relics such as bronze bull lanterns unearthed from the Han tomb in Liulou, Suining are all national treasures.
"Three Musts" of Xuzhou Han Culture
There are thirteen kings of Chu and five kings of Pengcheng in Xuzhou. According to the funeral system of the Han Dynasty, princes should be buried in their own countries after their death, and there should be 18 tombs in Xuzhou area. Actually, it's more than that. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, a kingdom of Xiapi was enfeoffed in the present administrative area of Xuzhou, and four Xiapi kings handed it over. The tombs of these kings are gorgeous like underground palaces, and the treasures that the kings liked before their death and the savings of the state treasury are all in the graves. The tombs of han group in Xuzhou constitute one of the "three wonders" of Xuzhou's Han culture.
Among the 18 Han tombs in Xuzhou, the second generation of Chu tombs in Beidongshan, the third generation of Chu tombs in Lion Mountain, the fourth (fifth) generation of Chu tombs in Tolan Mountain, the sixth generation of Chu tombs in Guishan Mountain, the eighth generation of Chu tombs in Dongdongshan Mountain, and the Pengcheng tomb in Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty. These tombs are large in scale and different in shape, and their similarity is to imitate the appearance of Chu Palace on the ground. "Things die like things happen." Everything you have and need before you die is in the netherworld.
Han Tomb of Guishan: Located at the foot of Guishan Mountain in Jiulishan Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, it is the husband and wife's burial tomb of Liu Zhu, the sixth king of Chu in the Western Han Dynasty (that is, in BC 128-BC 165438). The tomb is a couple's burial tomb connected side by side, in which the tomb of Liu Zhu, the king of Chu, is in the south, and the tomb of his wife is in the north, all of which are in the form of horizontal holes and cliffs. The mouth of the tomb is located at the foot of Guishan Mountain, and it is trumpet-shaped. It consists of two tombs, two tunnels and fifteen burial chambers, and is made by manual excavation. Both tunnels are blocked by 26 stones in the upper and lower floors, each floor is 13, and each stone weighs 6-7 tons. There are fifteen burial rooms, the rooms are connected, the sizes are matched, and the priorities are clear. The characteristics of the Han tomb in Guishan are peculiar. Both the tunnel and the tomb are built on the mountain, with a total length of 83.5 meters from east to west and a width of 32 meters from north to south. * * * There are 14 tombs with a total area of more than 500 square meters, which almost hollowed out the whole mountain. The most surprising thing is that the two parallel tunnels are 56 meters long. With modern laser technology, the error rate is only 1. This tomb project is huge and magnificent, which is really rare in the world and unique in China.
Wang Chuling of Lion Mountain: Located at the southern foot of Lion Mountain in the eastern suburb of Xuzhou, it is carved into a tomb with stones, and the tomb is embedded in the mountainside 100 meters. Its huge scale, magnificent momentum and peculiar architectural structure are breathtaking, causing a sensation at home and abroad. More than 2,000 pieces (sets) of various precious cultural relics have been unearthed in the tomb, including gold, silver, copper, iron, jade, stone, pottery, etc. Among them, there are many truly exquisite artistic treasures, such as carved dragon and jade yellow, jade rings with strings, carved jade, tiger-patterned jade ornaments, jade-inlaid lacquer coffins and copper flat pots. These are the first archaeological discoveries in China, especially precious ones based on the work of scientists. The characteristic of the Chu Tomb in Lion Mountain is "Xiong". Although it is also an ancient tomb, there is a courtyard tens of meters high at the front end of the tunnel, which is cut vertically from the mountainside, giving people an extraordinary feeling. The Tomb of the King of Chu in Lion Mountain faces south, and the entrance is on the sunny slope in the south of the mountain. The main tomb has been deeply embedded in the abdominal cavity of the main peak, with a total length of 1 17 meters from north to south and a width of 13.2 meters from east to west, with a total area of more than 850 square meters and a stone carving volume of 5 100 cubic meters.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in the "Three Musts" of Xuzhou Han Culture
1984 65438+ February. By chance, a number of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Han Dynasty were discovered at the west foot of Lion Mountain in the eastern suburb of Xuzhou. Archaeologists then conducted a comprehensive excavation and unveiled the mystery of this Chu-Han army that had been sleeping underground for more than 2,000 years.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are located 400 meters west of Chu Tomb, which is an integral part of Chu Tomb and symbolizes the army of Wu Weichu Tomb. There are not only a large number, but also a wide variety, showing rich contents: more than ten kinds of official figurines with rich sleeves, guards wearing weapons, braided figurines with long instruments, and military figurines with crossbows. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are not only the artistic treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military center. It is of great value not only to the study of sculpture art in Han Dynasty, but also to the study of social life, funeral system and military system in Han Dynasty.
Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone relief, the "three wonders" of Chinese culture
Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty were carved on tombs and ancestral halls with distinctive themes. It vividly depicts the social laws, food, clothing, housing and transportation, and fairy tales of the Han Dynasty. It reflects people's attachment to life and mourning after death at that time. Shows the superb artistic level of people two thousand years ago; It reproduces the high civilization of material culture and spiritual culture in Han Dynasty. Stone reliefs in Han Dynasty are the most representative works of art in Han culture and a bright pearl in China's art treasure house.
Xuzhou is one of the concentrated distribution places of Han Dynasty stone reliefs in China, and Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Reliefs Art Museum is a specialized museum for collecting, displaying and studying Han Dynasty stone reliefs. Covering an area of 1 000 square meters, it collects more than 350 precious stone reliefs of Han Dynasty inscribed by contemporary artist Mr. Li Keran, which was completed and opened in June of 1 989//.
Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone reliefs have a wide range of themes and rich contents, which reflect real life, such as traveling by horse and chariots, competing for knowledge, singing and dancing acrobatics, welcoming guests, dining and drinking, architectural figures, men plowing and women weaving, etc. The contents reflecting fairy tales include Fuxi, Nuwa, Huangdi, Dong, Queen Mother of the West, Sun in Japan and China, Moon Jade Rabbit and so on. Auspicious patterns include dragon, white tiger, suzaku, Xuanwu, Kirin, nine-tailed fox, dragon piercing and cross piercing. Niu Geng, textile, old things, welcoming guests, Baixi and eight-meter-long prison paintings in Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone reliefs are art treasures and treasures of the town hall.
Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone relief sculpture is profound and vigorous, with simple and concise painting style, which has high artistic appreciation value. There are two carving techniques: negative line carving and bas-relief. The line carving is delicate and true, with feminine beauty, and the relief is vigorous and vigorous, with masculine beauty. The feminine softness and masculinity embody the basic elements of China's traditional beauty. The artistic features of Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone reliefs are compact composition, moderate exaggeration, vivid modeling and creativity.
Xuzhou stone relief is rich in content, which truly reproduces the politics, economy, culture, beliefs and other aspects of the Han Dynasty. Exquisite carving makes it occupy an important position in China's fine arts. Visiting Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Relief Art Museum is like being in a grand historical corridor, which can bring you knowledge enlightenment and artistic enjoyment. Concluding remarks
There are many historical sites in the cultural landscape of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou, such as the circus stage, the Sishui Pavilion, the Bawang Building, the Gefengtai, the sword-drawing spring, the ovary temple and the tomb. Every scenic spot has a touching historical story, which reminds people of the smoke and clouds of the Chu-Han war. The autumn wind on the high platform of the circus shows you the overlord glory of Chu overlord Xiang Yu, who "pulls out the mountain and breathes the world"; The ancient monument of the Great Wind Song on Gefengtai allows you to appreciate the eternal swan song "The wind blows and clouds fly" by Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. The morning bell and dusk drum in the Zifang Temple will remind you of the legend of "Sean playing the flute to disperse Chu soldiers". All these add a bit of mystery to the Chinese culture in Xuzhou. A historian said at the seminar on China's famous historical and cultural cities: "A city like Xuzhou is unique among the famous historical cities in China. It has gathered such rich Chinese cultural content."
"Looking at Xuzhou from the Han culture" is worthy of the name.
Related attractions: Xuzhou Museum, a scenic spot of Han culture, Xuzhou Seoul Circus, Terracotta Warriors, Lion Mountain, Chu Mausoleum, Han Huashi Art Museum, Guishan Han Tomb, Jiulishan Ancient Battlefield.
Construction of Top Ten Tourist Attractions
● Wang Chu Han Tomb Cultural Scenic Spot (the key tourism project in Jiangsu Province during the 11th Five-Year Plan).
● Red Scenic Spot of Huaihai Campaign (key tourism project in Jiangsu Province during the 11th Five-Year Plan)
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, yunlong lake Scenic Area will be built into a tourist attraction integrating leisure and holiday, natural landscape and historical and cultural landscape.
Zhushan Buddhist cultural scenic spot with a total investment of 2 billion yuan will rebuild Longhua Temple and build Zhushan Buddhist cultural tourist area, making it a multi-functional scenic spot integrating religion, culture, tourism and leisure.
● The second phase expansion project of Guishan Han Tomb
Malingshan Scenic Area in Xinyi (the key tourism project in Jiangsu Province during the 11th Five-Year Plan) will form three major tourist and leisure resorts, namely Malingshan, Roman Lake and Yaowan.
● Build Fengxian Baili Eco-tourism and Sightseeing Belt (a key tourism project in Jiangsu Province during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan), Dashahe Sightseeing Belt and Agricultural Tourism Demonstration Zone.
● Military and Cultural Grand View Garden, relying on Xuzhou's military and cultural advantages, planning and constructing the military and cultural Grand View Garden.
● Ancient Canal Cultural Tourism Belt (key tourism project in Jiangsu Province during the 11th Five-Year Plan)
● Old Yellow River Scenery Belt
Xuzhou folk custom
Hometown of Quyi
Xuzhou is the "hometown of Quyi". There are Liuqin Opera, Bangzi Opera, Huizhou Opera, Beijing Opera, Liu Zi Opera, Ancient Painting Opera, Siping Tune, Tintin Opera, Shadow Play, Pingju Opera, Drama and so on. Among them, Liuqin Opera has a history of about 200 years, and Jiangsu Bangzi has a history of 300 years. The local operas and folk dances in Xuzhou have the characteristics of sonorous, vigorous, rough and simple style in the north and euphemistic, lyrical, delicate and beautiful in the south.
Folk craft
Xuzhou has a long history of folk arts and is one of the birthplaces of China folk arts and crafts. Colorful painted pottery, exquisite bone carvings, lifelike pottery sculptures of the Han Dynasty, and profound and majestic Neolithic Han stone reliefs are all made by folk artists. Peasant paintings, paper-cuts, clay operas, cloth operas, dough figurines, kites, lanterns, toys, sugar figurines, wood carvings, stone carvings, embroidery, wooden New Year pictures, straw weaving, wickerwork, embroidery tapestries, etc. What has been passed down to this day is colorful and has its own characteristics.
Pizhou was named as the hometown of modern folk painting in China and folk paper-cutting art in China by the Ministry of Culture of China, Jing 'an Town of Pei County was named as the hometown of folk paper-cutting art in China by the Ministry of Culture of China, Wu Town of Jiawang was named as the hometown of farmers' painting and calligraphy by the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Culture, and Suining was named as the hometown of children's painting.
food culture
Xuzhou food culture has a long history. During the Tang Yao period, Peng Zu, the grandson of the eighth Yellow Emperor, was sealed in Dapeng State (now Xuzhou City). Peng Zu is good at cooking and is known as the originator of China cooking. Because he is good at refining qi and keeping in good health, he has become a symbol of China's longevity. Therefore, Xuzhou's dietary customs have more or less the legacy of Peng Zu's health-keeping customs.
The traditional snacks in Xuzhou are rich and colorful. Shatang, which won the title of "Chinese Famous Snack", evolved from Peng Zu Soup, the best soup in the world. Xuzhou pasta, such as steamed buns, flower rolls, vegetable dumplings and Zhuang steamed buns, is unique. In addition, there are Han snacks such as Farewell My Concubine, mutton in fish sauce, and fish hidden beside the sheep.
Military arts such as Tai Ji Chuan, fencing and air traffic control.
Peixian has been a kind of martial arts since ancient times, and has formed eight schools 12 boxing methods for a long time. Among the population of10.2 million in the county, there are 380,000 Wushu practitioners, which is named as the first hometown of Wushu in China. Pei county actively supports the quintessence of Wushu and encourages private capital to develop Wushu industry. At present, there are more than 50 Wushu schools 150, folk Wushu venues 1 16, and world Wushu champions 1 1.