1 refers to the minimum energy required by all organs of the human body to maintain life. The measurement method is the energy metabolic rate of the human body when it is awake and extremely quiet, which is not affected by muscle activity, environmental temperature, food and mental stress. ) 2. The extra increase of energy metabolism caused by food intake is called food special dynamic effect. Protein plays the most important role in food. ) 3. It means that the energy in water is relatively balanced in a certain period of time. (That is, in a certain period of time, the difference between the energy input and output of a water body is equal to the rate of change of the energy stored in the water body. ) 4. It refers to the chemical components in food that can provide energy, body composition, tissue repair and physiological regulation. 5. Because of the different amino acids contained in various foods, the amino acids in protein of several foods can make up for each other, thus improving the physiological value of protein. This phenomenon is called the complementary effect of protein. 6. Amino acids that are necessary for the human body (or other vertebrates) but cannot be synthesized in the body and must be supplemented from food are called essential amino acids.