Shi Zhongshan Collection is a famous piece in Su Shi's prose. In this article, the author put forward a famous philosophical assertion: "Can you infer whether it exists without looking at things?" Later generations spoke highly of Su Shi's spirit of paying attention to field trips and not trusting blindly to follow the ancients.
In the article, Su Shi first refuted Li Daoyuan's statement that "water and stones compete and sound like Hong Zhong". Compared with Li's statement, the experiment of "putting Zhong Qing in the water, although the storm can't make a sound" shows that this statement is not convincing; Then refuted Li Bo's statement that "the stone was detained" and pointed out that. The sound of stones is everywhere, and this is just named after the clock. Why? Explain that there is no necessary connection between Li Bo's arguments and arguments. Therefore, Su Shi thinks that both of them have subjective mistakes, and ends the article with "sighing Li Yuan's simplicity and laughing at Li Bo's ugliness". The main point of the author's article is: to know the truth of the matter, we must conduct on-the-spot investigation and don't make subjective assumptions.
However, I don't think it is necessary for Su Shi to "sigh and laugh at Li Bo" because he also committed the crime of belittling himself, which is even worse than Li Daoyuan and Li Bo.
Li Daoyuan was a geographer and essayist in the Northern Wei Dynasty. He loves nature very much and intends to explore the beauty of the mountains and rivers of the motherland. Through actual observation and experience, he wrote Zhu's vitality. Li Daoyuan made a careful inspection of every scenic spot he set foot on (including Shi Zhongshan). Li Bo also came to Shi Zhongshan for research in order to write "Shi Zhongshan Debate". No matter whether the results of their investigation are correct or not, their spirit of paying attention to on-the-spot investigation is worth learning from our future generations. Moreover, they will not belittle and laugh at others in order to show that their views are correct. In contrast, Su Shi is much inferior in these aspects, especially as a person.
Su Shi thinks he pays attention to on-the-spot investigation. In fact, the reason why he went to Shi Zhongshan is obvious. The article said: "The trip to Anzhou is suitable for you, and his eldest son Mai will go to Raodexingwei to send him into the lake mouth, so that he can see the so-called stone clock." Thus, he sent his son to Mai Su for Dexing Wei, and he had to go through Shi Zhongshan. Since he is on the road, he certainly won't miss the trip to Shi Zhongshan. In other words, he didn't take this motivation to visit. When he happened to know the reason why Shi Zhongshan was named during his trip, he got carried away. Frustrated in officialdom, he seems to have found an opportunity to vent. In his own opinion, only he and his son know, so he scoffed at Li Daoyuan and Li Bo. Therefore, Su Shi's arrogance is even more unacceptable.
Su Shi discovered the reason why Shi Zhongshan got its name without any preparatory work. When he arrived in Shi Zhongshan, he didn't ask the local people, nor did he introduce the topography to the monks on the mountain, so he rushed over in the dark. I took a boat alone and reached the edge of the cliff. "In the face of the eerie environment, Su Shi was scared off because he was unprepared. It can be seen that Su Shi did not intend to investigate, otherwise he would not tremble when he heard some strange cries, and he was busy going back, although he found nothing. If it hadn't happened that "the water rang and the bells and drums rang", I'm afraid he would have gone back to the mountain temple and asked the monks for scriptures.
Su Shi also lacks an objective and correct attitude towards this accidental thing. Since it is picked up occasionally and not worked hard, there is no need to be self-righteous, arrogant and publicize the experience. But Su Wan is not. The article fully embodies Su Shi's complacency. He talked about the way of experience: "Don't look at things, judge whether there is something, ok?" This conclusion is correct, but Su Shi's conclusion cannot be summarized from his previous actions. Su Shi thought he found the reason why Shi Zhongshan got its name, but later, after a field trip, some people thought that the mountain was shaped like a clock, so he named it Shi Zhongshan. This incident tells us a more scientific truth: it is not enough to explore the truth of things only by hearing and seeing, but also to be good at distinguishing authenticity, distinguishing appearances from appearances and seeing the essence through phenomena. Later generations did not laugh at Su Shi, because there are different views in academic and scientific fields that can be argued without attacking.
Su Shi is a great writer, and he himself is often proud of his profound knowledge and outstanding talent. He once boasted about his creation: "My words are like fountains, spouting indiscriminately and gurgling on the flat ground, although it is not difficult to travel thousands of miles a day." And its twists and turns with water stones are unknown with the shape of things. "("Wen Shuo ") relies on talents, relies on talents and is arrogant, and there is naturally room for" madness "in personality. In addition, Su Shi admires Qu Yuan and Zhuge Liang, and thinks that ("a gentleman originates from the source, not from the present") he should be an upright and courageous politician. Therefore, in the fierce and cruel political struggle, he showed his "arrogance" incisively and vividly. In order to oppose Wang Anshi's political reform, he openly and comprehensively attacked Wang Anshi and even threatened Song Shenzong in Zongshen Wanyan Book and Reconsideration Book. When arguing with Sima Guang about the "law of impunity", he angrily denounced: "Sima Niu, Sima Niu! "This arrogant character often brings him endless disasters. Without the sympathy and support of any party in the political struggle, a tragic fate is inevitable.
Su Shi's personality became multiple in his later years, sometimes arrogant and sometimes lonely; Sometimes he is broad-minded and sometimes stingy, which is formed in the choice that he often has to face personal advance and retreat. However, the most exposed thing is arrogance, and the arrogant character accompanied him all his life. This kind of ideological character is naturally revealed in literary creation. It is this character that makes Shi Zhongshan's story a practical joke. When it is different from what it sees, it satirizes and strikes back mercilessly.
Arrogance made Su Shi as a politician not only keep clean and honest, but also get rid of the shackles of his predecessors, and made some innovations in literary creation, which made his poems, ci and prose achieve high achievements in the literature of the Northern Song Dynasty, especially in the exploration of the subject matter of ci, which has outstanding innovative significance. However, just as everything is not perfect, Su Shi's grandiose learning has also brought serious influence to his poetry creation. If you use a lot of allusions, especially Buddhist scriptures, your works will become boring and difficult to understand. Another phenomenon is harmony and rhyme. I like to rhyme with my friends, with ancient poems and even with my own poems. I'm a great poet and show off my talents. He likes to waste time and energy, but he gets nowhere. Later generations commented that his behavior was self-restraint.
Extreme arrogance often makes people unable to treat dissidents objectively and calmly, which is something that each of us should take as a warning. The article "Shi Zhongshan" just sounded the alarm for us.