(1) Rest slows down the heart rate: The significance of rest is to reduce the aerobic metabolic rate of human body and reduce the burden of blood supply and support of the heart, thus slowing down the heart rate and preventing the aggravation or recurrence of heart failure. For patients with mild heart failure, heart failure can be controlled as long as they stay in bed for a few days. For patients who still have palpitations and increased heart rate at rest, in addition to long-term rest, cardiotonic diuretics should be supplemented. For those who get better, you can get out of bed and do some light activities, but the limit of activities is not to cause palpitations and shortness of breath.
(2) Limit the intake of sodium salt: Under the action of some endocrine hormones, sodium salt causes arteriole spasm and raises blood pressure. Sodium salt also absorbs water. Every 1g salt can carry 200 ~ 250ml of water in the body. If the body ingests too much sodium salt, the whole body's blood volume will also increase, and the burden on the heart will also increase, making the already failed heart worse. Therefore, the intake of salt must be limited. For patients with mild heart failure, the daily salt intake should be controlled within 3 grams, and the daily water consumption should be controlled within 1500 ml. If the edema of the whole body is obvious, the daily drinking water should be strictly controlled, and generally 500 ml should be added according to the total urine volume yesterday.
(3) Eat less and eat more, and pay attention to nutrition: patients with heart failure are congested in the liver and gastrointestinal tract, and their appetite and digestion and absorption ability are relatively poor. Therefore, the method of eating less and more meals at regular intervals should be adopted, and it is best to eat 4-5 meals a day, with eight points full and liquid or semi-liquid food. Without increasing the burden on the heart, we should eat more nutritious foods, such as lean meat, fish, eggs, milk, beans, and fresh fruits and vegetables, to supplement high-quality protein, vitamin B, vitamin C, etc., which are rich in various essential amino acids. The allowed foods are rice, flour, millet, corn and sorghum. Beans all kinds of beans and their products, such as soybean milk and tofu. Poultry, livestock meat, chicken, duck meat (lean meat), pork (lean meat), beef. Oil is mainly vegetable oil, and animal oil is rarely used. Aquatic freshwater fish and some marine fish with low sodium content. Milk, egg milk (250 ml), eggs or duck eggs (< 1/ day). Except for vegetables with high sodium content. Fruit, all kinds of fresh fruit. Drinking light tea and chatting about coffee.
The doctor reminded patients with heart failure that it is very important to rest at home. However, when the heart is uncomfortable, they should go to the hospital in time. Don't delay the treatment opportunity and cause unnecessary danger.