Second, the content of filial piety: the content of filial piety mainly includes: 1, raising and respecting relatives; 2. Shun pro, admonish pro; 3. carry on the family line; 4. bereavement and offering sacrifices to relatives; 5. Make a contribution to your parents.
1. Parenting and filial piety: (1) Parenting is to take care of parents' basic life such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, and it is the most basic obligation of children to their parents, and it is based on people's gratitude concept. Everyone was born by his parents and grew up because of their careful care. This objective fact of the creation and maintenance of life has made human beings feel grateful, that is, when their parents are old, they should do their best to support them and do their duty of "feeding back". (2) The traditional concept of filial piety not only requires children to do their duty to support their parents, but more importantly, children have a loving heart for their parents. Confucius paid special attention to "respecting relatives" and regarded loving parents as the difference between human beings and animals, and the difference between gentlemen and villains. "The Analects of Confucius for Politics" said: "Today's filial piety means that it can be raised. As for dogs and horses, both can be kept; Disrespect, why not? " In the traditional concept of filial piety, respecting relatives is a higher level of filial piety than raising relatives.
2. Pro-obedience and pro-admonition: (1) Pro-obedience means listening to parents' words and acting according to their wishes, and everything is subject to their standards. Not only shows kindness to parents and elders in attitude, but also shows courtesy in behavior. What's more, we have to obey the will of our parents and elders, so we often see filial piety used together. "The Analects of Confucius Learn" says: "The father is there, and he will observe it; Father didn't. Observe his actions. It is filial piety not to change the way of the father for three years. " (2) Persuading parents is to gently put forward suggestions when parents make mistakes, so that parents can correct their mistakes, which is also a part of filial piety. When parents and elders are at fault, children should protest gently. The Analects of Confucius said: "Giving advice to parents" means giving advice euphemistically. Mencius Gaozi Xia said: "If you kiss too much without regrets, the rarer you are ... the rarer you are, the more unfilial you are." In other words, it is unfilial for children not to complain, persuade or even blindly obey their parents' immoral faults and behaviors.
3. Carry on the family line: The traditional feudal concept of filial piety holds that people must have children after marriage, and only with children and grandchildren can the family and even the whole clan be stably continued, so that ancestors can offer sacrifices. Failure to complete this important task is the greatest unfilial to parents and the greatest disrespect to ancestors. "Three Annals of Filial Piety" also said: "It's no big deal when parents are born." Even if parents are arrogant and extravagant, there will be no offspring to stay at home and make their parents dissatisfied. In ancient times, filial sons felt infinite regret and were ashamed of their parents. It can be seen that the concept of carrying on the family line was a way and complex to repay and comfort parents in ancient times.
4. Mourning relatives: The basic meaning of filial piety is "doing good to parents", including "living things" and "dead things". The latter is the continuation and extension of the former, expressing the respect and yearning of future generations for the deceased elders. "Death of things" is a very important content in the traditional concept of filial piety. The Doctrine of the Mean says: "Things die like things live, things die like things exist, and filial piety is the utmost." Serving the dead is like serving the living, and serving the dead is like serving the living. This is the highest expression of filial piety. "On Mencius and Teng Wengong" said: "Health preservation is not enough to achieve great things, but death can achieve great things." "Sacrifice" said: "It can be raised, but it is difficult to respect; Respect can also be embarrassing; Ann may also be embarrassed. " As can be seen from the above, the traditional concept of filial piety attaches great importance to "death".
"Death" is what the ancients called bereavement. Ceng Zi summarized the filial piety of bereavement as "pursuing the future with caution". Caution is the funeral behavior of parents' death, and pursuing distance is the ritual etiquette after parents' death. It can be seen that the form of children expressing filial piety is funeral sacrifice, which means that parents or elders will hold funerals and sacrifices after their death.
5. Make contributions to your career and show your parents (1): Zhu Dexiao comes first. Therefore, almost everything about standing on the street is regarded as filial piety. If you want to survive, you must first survive, that is, keep your body. "Sacrifice" said: "Do you dare to be disrespectful to the dead person's parents' bones?" "The Book of Filial Piety" said: "Parents dare not damage their bodies and skins, and filial piety begins." It means that your body is left by your parents. If a person damages his own body, it is equivalent to damaging the remains of his parents, which is unfilial. (2) Meritorious service: The traditional concept of filial piety not only requires children to establish themselves, but also requires children to establish morality, make statements and make meritorious service on the basis of establishing themselves. The Book of Filial Piety says, "Later generations will leave their names for themselves to show their parents that they are filial to the end." Children study hard at the cold window, enter the official career and strive for fame, in order to inherit their father's business, be good at describing and realize their parents' hopes for their children. "The Doctrine of the Mean" said: "Those who are filial are good at following the aspirations of others, and those who are good at telling people's affairs are also good. "In order to keep the family style simple, maintain the prosperity of the family, win honor for parents and families, and extend the life span of parents, families and families. Children within the scope of family ethics is the highest requirement of traditional filial piety.