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In March 2006, 94-year-old Xu Fang published Xu Fang's Poems and China's New Poetry History in Taiwan Province Province. On the back cover of the first book, Cai Dengshan, a cultural person, wrote: "She is one of the few female poets and a pearl left behind by Lin and Bing Xin. The traces of her life have turned into words and feelings. Beads fall in green nets, colorful flowers rain. She is a touch of brilliance in the beautiful scenery, hiding and appearing, as real as a dream. "

The back cover of the second book reads: "The earliest monograph on the history of new poetry has been dusty for 70 years ... Although this book is rarely written by the author, it shows his early wisdom and Gao Zhuo's insight. On the history of poetry, it is a rare work. "

In Xu Fang's poetry collection, there is such a poem entitled "Song":

I fell in love with someone,

But he doesn't love me.

Love him like a song.

I often sing this song in my mouth.

His soul,

My soul.

It's all in this song.

According to scholars' research, this "he" is the famous Hu Shizhi.

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Xu Fang 19 12 10 was born in Beijing. His great-grandfather Xu Shou was a famous scientist, shipbuilding engineer and translator of western science and technology books in the late Qing Dynasty. Xu Shou and Hua are the founders of Anqing Ordnance Bureau. He built the first steam engine ship "Huanggu" in China. Most of the Chinese names of elements in the periodic table come from his translation.

Xu Fang's grandfather, Xu Yin Jian, studied in Germany and was an expert in military science. He came forward to order two main ships of Beiyang Navy, Zhenyuan and Dingyuan. Later, Xu "personally tested smokeless gunpowder, and the effect was very good. Later, he did a large-scale experiment, gunpowder exploded and his limbs exploded and died. "

Xu Fang 193 1 was admitted to Peking University. She and Zhang Zhongxing, who was famous in her later years, were classmates. Zhang Zhongxing mentioned her in his memoir "The fleeting shadows": "Xu is above average height, white, and a little romantic ..."

When studying at Peking University, Xu Fang met many famous teachers. Yu Shangyuan teaches drama, Tang Lan teaches Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Sun Dayu teaches new poetry, and Fu Sinian teaches the history of ancient Chinese literature. There are rich teachers and Liu Bannong, all of whom are famous teachers.

Yang Xiangkui, a famous scholar, recalled in the article Looking Back at the Historian: "Mr. Fu Sinian initially opened a history of ancient Chinese literature, and both the Chinese Department and the History Department can choose to read it. After the semester exam, Mr. Wang announced the exam results to the class and said, "Xu Fang and Yang Xiangkui are the best in the class." Xu Fang is a female student and poet in Chinese Department, and her fresh poem title has been praised by many people. Thanks to Miss Wang's announcement, Xu Fang and I met and became friends. "

(Xu Fang manuscript, Hu Shi changed the red pen)

1932, Hu Shi became the dean of Peking University College of Literature and the head of Chinese Department. In Xu Fang's junior year, Hu Shi became Xu Fang's tutor.

From 65438 to 0934, Xu Fang began to make a small contribution in the literary world. Luo Longji, a great figure in the history of the Republic of China, met Xu Fang through his good friend Liang Shiqiu and often invited her to Zhongshan Park for a walk and chat. Every time Xu Fang was invited, it was Luo Longji's girlfriend Wang Youjia at that time.

Luo Longji has a girlfriend Wang Youjia here, where she has been writing love letters to Xu Fang. According to Cai Dengshan, Luo Longji wrote thirty or forty letters in a year or two. At this time, however, Xu Fang's heart belongs to him, and Luo Longji's bitter pursuit failed. Later, he had to marry Wang Youjia.

The man to whom Xu Fang belongs at this time is her mentor Hu Shi.

At the beginning of 1936, Xu Fang wrote in his poem that "three years of lovesickness is not too bitter". It can be inferred that at least in his junior year, Xu Fang had a crush on Hu Shi. Although Hu Shi has a wife who can control him, he has never dared to want to divorce. But judging from various biographical materials, he had many girlfriends at different times. He once said, "I'm used to being abroad, and I don't have a girlfriend to talk about when I return home. I feel as if society lacks an important molecule. "

Xu Fang wrote to Hu Shi's love poems, except the above one, which were all studied by experts. The following poems also vaguely expressed her feelings:

First of all:

How can I not love him!

You see, his long face,

Have a pair of smiling eyes.

He spoke better than you expected.

I'm tired of all relationships, all people,

No matter how careful they are with me,

I just waited for him to give me a smile,

How many magical things are there in that smile!

I'm too lazy to listen to all the wonderful music.

I just like to listen to a few words he said casually.

That voice, so loud and clear,

Like a piano master.

Maybe he doesn't know me or my name,

But I planted the disease of lovesickness in my heart.

The life of a single lover may always be peaceful!

But I don't blame him-I never blame him for his ruthlessness.

Second:

On the way, I was tired of swimming.

This is the journey he has just traveled.

On the lonely road, he once worried about me.

How can I forget him when I'm sitting in the car now?

Oh! What time? We can have fun in the same car.

(Xu Fang in the middle hand and Hu Shi in the second from the right)

03

1935, graduated from Xufang University and worked as a teacher in Tianjin Nankai Middle School. But before long, he was urgently recalled by Hu Shi as a teaching assistant of Peking University Art Institute.

1On May 6th, 936, more than 30 scholars and writers, including Shen Congwen, Zhu Guangqian, Qian and Zhou Zuoren, attended the inaugural meeting of "Folk Song Society" held in Peking University College of Literature. Hu Shi was elected as the chairman of the meeting and decided to edit and publish Ballad Weekly. Hu Shi appointed Xu Fang as the editor-in-chief of Ballad Weekly.

In his later years, Mr. Shi Zhecun mentioned: "1935- 1936, a poetess Xu Fang appeared in Beijing. Her poems often appear in some literary publications in Beijing and literary supplements of Ta Kung Pao in Tianjin. It is said that she is a student of Peking University, appreciated by Professor Hu Shi, and became famous for a while. "

A poetry recital was held at Zhu Guangqian's home. Attended by Zhou Zuoren, Fei Ming, Bian, He Qifang and Shen Congwen, Xu Fang can also attend. According to Shen Congwen's recollection, "There was another lady, Xu Fang, who had a big throat and a loud voice and could read aloud like no one was watching."

Gu Jiegang, a historian, wrote in his diary on April 25th, 1936/kloc-0: "Go to Zhu Guangqian's house and talk about Wu Ge for poetry reading. Participants included Zhu Guangqian, Zhou Zuoren, Zhu Ziqing, Shen Congwen, Lin, Xu Fang and Bian. "

(Hu Shi)

Without Hu Shi's training and support, it is hard to imagine that Xu Fang, who is in his early twenties, can often communicate with these great literati of the Republic of China.

1936 1, Hu Shi's good friend Ding Wenjiang died, Hu went to Nanjing to pay his respects, and went to Shanghai a few days later, when Xu Fang happened to be in Shanghai.

Xu Fang later wrote to Hu Shi, saying that these days "we found happiness together in Shanghai". In Hu Shi's diary, he only wrote: "Ms. Xu Fang came to talk, and she wrote me some new poems. I like her car best. "

(Hu Shi and Jiang Dongxiu)

Nearly 1 month later, Hu Shi did not keep a diary.

1936, after Hu Shi went to the United States, there were still letters between the two sides. 1938 in may, Xu Fang said in a letter to Hu Shi: "to be honest, I can't stand you being so cold to me. I sometimes hate you and blame you, but in the end I still love you ... my most beautiful husband, you can't love others. You promised me that you would never love anyone again. If you are nice to others again, I won't spare you. We'll settle accounts when you come back! You may not like to hear these words. But I am like this. You have to listen if you don't like it. That's your temper. "

"I love your poems, and I love you, too. Love your side forever. "

At this time, Hu Shi in the United States not only got in touch with his girlfriend Wei Liansi, but also made a new girlfriend Rowitz a month ago.

194 1 year in April, Xu Fang wrote to Hu Shi, asking him to help her go to the United States for further study, but Hu Shi ignored it and decisively cut off contact with Xu Fang. This is their last contact.

04

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Xu Fang went to Kunming. First, she taught in Yunnan University for a period of time. At this time, she met Wu Mi, and Gu Teng, a famous art theorist, began to pursue Xu Fang.

Chen Zishan, a scholar, once wrote that Xu Fang left only two notes on the manuscript of The History of China's New Poetry, one was Hu Shi, the other was "T.K.", and Chen Zishan's textual research was Gu Teng.

In his memoir Thirty Years of Reading History, He Bingdi said:1In the spring of 937, Li Changzhi, who was praised by Mr. Zhang Shenfu as "a thousand words in writing", was frustrated because his pursuit of Xu Fang was rejected. In his junior year, He Bingdi went to comfort Li Changzhi and told him that they might not be suitable together, and advised him to "calm down".

194 1 year, under the introduction of Kong Xiangxi, Xu Fang worked in Chongqing Branch of Agricultural Bank of China. 194 1 In May, Gu Teng died of illness in Chongqing. According to Wu Mi's diary, "Teng Jun (Gu Teng) fell ill when he arrived in Chongqing. Six months later, I just came home from the hospital. On the way, I was beaten by hooligans again and was seriously injured. He returned to the hospital and died at 7: 30 am on the 20 th of this month. "

According to Wu Mi-ri's record, in 1942, an unknown young poet, Luo Menglian, once pursued Xu Fang, but he "repaid him with his usual cold friendship".

(Wedding photo of Xu Fang and Xu Peigen)

On September 5th, 1943, Xu Fang and Xu got married happily in China. The man married Chen Yi, a fellow countryman of Lu Xun who studied in Japan and later served as the chief executive of Taiwan Province Province. The best man was Li Ganji, the son of Li Liejun, commander-in-chief of seven provinces.

Xu's name once appeared in Lu Xun's famous work "In Memory of Forgetting". The word "Xu" is written on the second page of the relic of Yin Fu, one of the five martyrs of the Left League. Lu Xun once suspected that this was Yin Fu's real name.

Xu is from Xiangshan, Zhejiang. Zichicheng was born on1February 30th, 897. Xu graduated from Baoding Military Academy Phase III, Army University Phase VI and German Staff University. The second-class general of the Army of the Republic of China served as the chief of staff of the five war zones during the Anti-Japanese War, assisted Li Zongren, and later served as the chief of staff of Bai Chongxi, and went to Taiwan Province Province from 65438 to 0949. 199 1 died on February 8.

(Yin Fu)

There are four brothers, Xu, and the youngest brother is Yin Fu, one of the five martyrs of the Left League. Lu Xun wrote a letter to commemorate it.

Yin Fu (1910.611-kloc-0/931.2.7), formerly known as Bai Xu, scientific name Xu Zuhua, pen name Bai Mang. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/927, Yin Fu entered the German tutoring department of Tongji University and transferred to party member and China. 1930 In March, the Chinese Left-wing Writers Union was established, and Yin Fu was one of the founders.

Yin Fu's works were praised by Lu Xun as "the shimmer of the East, the arrow in the forest, the bud in late winter, the first step of marching, the monument of great love for predecessors and hatred for saboteurs."

193 1 year 1 month 17. Yin Fu was arrested by the British police while attending a party in Shanghai Oriental Hotel. 193/kloc-0 On the evening of February 7th, 2008, five writers of the "Left Alliance", namely Yin Fu, Rou Shi, Hu Yepin, Feng Keng and Li Qiushi, were secretly killed in the wilderness near garrison headquarters together with revolutionary comrades such as Lin Yunan.

After the death of Yin Fu and others, a large number of writers in the Left Alliance were wanted by * * * *, and Lu Xun was always in danger of being arrested. After hearing the news that Rou Shi, Bai Mang and other five Left-wing youths were killed, Lu Xun published "China Proletarian Revolutionary Literature and Pioneers' Bloody" and "The Present Situation of Literary and Art Circles in Dark China", exposing the crimes of reactionaries. He also wrote a famous poem "Accustomed to the Long Spring Night".

On the second anniversary of the martyr's death,1February 7-8, 933, Lu Xun wrote "Remembering Forgetting" with infinite grief and indignation, and was later selected as a high school Chinese textbook and became an immortal masterpiece.

Lu Xun's white mans, simple and frank, are rare. Once reborn, twice familiar. Lu Xun placed ardent expectations and gave enthusiastic help. Bai Mang also fully trusted Lu Xun. When they met for the third time, he told Lu Xun that he was a revolutionary. He is a brilliant young writer. For the sake of the revolution, I diligently wrote and translated poems, and tirelessly participated in the actual struggle. He is a passionate poet and a brave warrior. He was arrested again and again, and his clothes and books were confiscated. On a hot day, he was "wearing a thick cotton robe and sweating like a pig", which was "borrowed from a friend". All persecution by the authorities can't shake his will.

The younger brother of a * * * general stood on the opposite side of the class group represented by his brother for his ideal, and he has no regrets since then.

1929 On the second anniversary of the "April 12th Incident", Yin Gang had left Tongji University, lived a life of extreme poverty as a professional revolutionary, and cut off contact with his family (mainly his eldest brother Xu). As a senior general of * * *, his eldest brother wrote to him to persuade him to give up his dangerous job. To this end, Yin copied a poem entitled "Farewell to Brothers" as "Farewell to a Class":

Farewell, my dearest brother,

Your letter strengthened my determination,

I hate that I can't hold the last hand,

Then step into the future independently.

Twenty years of brotherly love and compassion,

Twenty years of protection and nurturing,

Please in this last tear,

Take it back as a nightmare.

I thank you for your sincere teaching,

I admire your sacrifice,

But that doesn't stop me from saying goodbye to you,

I can't help switching to the other side.

……

On your side, yo, brother,

Have a plenty of ease, achievement and fame,

This is the glory of the ruler,

Or a tall hat made of tissue paper.

As long as I promise,

I went in to listen to the instructions,

I can get everything easily,

From names to paper hats.

……

Bye, brother, bye,

After that, go their separate ways,

Here's your chance to see you again,

When we are at war with your class.

There is not only brotherhood between brothers in the poem, but also the mind and personality of a soldier who dedicated himself to his faith without regrets.

When Yin Fu was killed by * * * *, Xu studied military affairs in Germany. 193 1 returned to China at the end of the year, and my brother has been dead for almost a year.

The History of China's New Poetry is a long article written by Xu Fang 1935 before graduation from the Chinese Department of Peking University. The instructor is Hu Shi. This book summarizes the development of China's new poems from 19 17 to 1935, and comments on the poems of 35 poets successively, but does not mention Yin Fu's name. There is a special chapter on Hu Shi's poems. It's just that she said that her tutor Hu Shi's vernacular poems "failed to get rid of the stereotype of classical Chinese" and "looked like a woman who entangled her feet and enlarged them", but "the credit of the first person who advocated letting go was very deep and great for later."

After the marriage, Xu Fang married her husband, educated her children, and bid farewell to the literary world. 1949, Xu Fang and her husband went to Taiwan Province province. Cai Dengshan said that Xu Fang bid farewell to the literary world, "without nostalgia or carelessness".

1994, Chen Zishan visited Xu Fang in Taipei. At that time, her husband Xu had just died for three years. Chen Zishan mentioned Yin Fu, but "Mr. Xu Fang was a little at a loss".

On February 8, 2009, Xu Fang died at the age of 97.

Reference materials for this article: Xu Fang's poetry anthology "The History of China's New Poetry", Shi Zhecun's Preface to Xu Fang's Poetry Anthology, Chen Zishan's Poetess I Know, Xu Fang and Cai Dengshan's Love between Teachers and Students cannot be discarded? Xu Fang, a talented woman in the Republic of China, wrote Chen Shuyu's love poems and The Complete Works of Lu Xun. )

(The picture in this article is network information)