Seven departments, including the General Office of the Ministry of Education, issued opinions on improving the training quality of talents in short supply. At present, there are domestic service, old-age service, Chinese medicine health service, child care, maternal and child care and so on. Training measures for talents in short supply 1. Improve the layout of disciplines and specialties. Improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of majors with the development of the industry, adjust and optimize the catalogue of disciplines and majors, and increase majors in related fields in time. Focusing on the fields of domestic service, aged care service, Chinese medicine health service, children's health care, etc., which are in short supply for community residents, to meet the job requirements of management, operation, service, supply chain, etc., the personnel training objectives and specifications of secondary vocational schools, higher vocational schools, undergraduates, postgraduates and other different types and levels of academic education-related majors and vocational training are reasonably determined. First-class undergraduate majors, high-level vocational schools with China characteristics and the professional construction plan "Double Hundred Thousand Plan" are implemented, and they are inclined to majors in related fields such as home economics, pension and parenting. 2 focus on expanding the scale of technical and technical personnel training. Encourage and guide qualified vocational colleges to actively set up professional points related to social services, such as nursing (nursing direction for the aged and nursing direction of traditional Chinese medicine), domestic service and management, service and management for the aged, intelligent service for the aged, health management, health care of traditional Chinese medicine, nutrition and dietotherapy of traditional Chinese medicine, midwifery, infant development and health management, infant care, preschool education, rehabilitation treatment technology, rehabilitation technology of traditional Chinese medicine, rehabilitation assistive devices technology, leisure travel service, fitness guidance and management. Colleges and universities are encouraged to flexibly set professional directions according to the new positions and new demands of industrial development, such as the combination of medical care and nursing, hospice care, psychological comfort, family financial management, warehouse management, clothing matching and clothing management, indoor aging design, and community service network planning and design. Each province should have a group of vocational colleges to offer domestic service and old-age service, and guide the construction of characteristic professional groups around the social service industry chain. Expand secondary and higher vocational education and cultivate the specialty and scale of enrollment. Guide application-oriented undergraduate colleges and undergraduate vocational education pilot colleges to set up related majors, and accelerate the training of high-end domestic service talents and urgently needed talents such as pension institutions, domestic institutions and large-scale rehabilitation complexes. 3. Accelerate the cultivation of compound innovative talents to meet the needs of new formats and new models. Encourage and guide ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities to actively adapt to the needs of the development of social service industry, and set up related majors such as housekeeping, TCM rehabilitation, TCM health preservation, geriatrics, rehabilitation therapy, psychology, nursing, social work, etc. In principle, at least 1 undergraduate colleges and universities in each province offer majors related to domestic service, aged care service and child care service. Encourage electronic information, machinery and materials majors in ordinary undergraduate colleges and electronic information and equipment manufacturing majors in higher vocational colleges to add relevant courses, speed up the cultivation of R&D and manufacturing talents in the fields of health care and domestic service for the elderly, such as home service robots, health monitoring and home intelligent monitoring, and promote the in-depth application of artificial intelligence technology, virtual reality (VR) technology, intelligent hardware and new materials in social service industry. Relevant courses are added to finance majors in ordinary undergraduate colleges and finance and trade majors in higher vocational colleges to continuously meet the urgent needs of elderly financial innovative talents. Encourage qualified colleges and universities to explore the mode of minor or double bachelor's degree training, and accelerate the training of management and training talents in related fields of social service industry. 4. Actively cultivate high-level management and R&D talents. Strengthen the basic scientific research of social service related disciplines. Support colleges and universities to carry out relevant industrial policy research and personnel training by setting up independent disciplines such as home economics. Promote the development of related interdisciplinary subjects and serve the construction of domestic service industry clusters supported by professional equipment, special tools and intelligent products. Encourage and support qualified universities to recruit and train graduate students in related disciplines, and transport business backbones and high-level teaching and research personnel for enterprises and vocational colleges. 5. Support the promotion of employees' academic qualifications. Encourage qualified managers of domestic service, pension service enterprises and pension service institutions to apply for professional master's degrees. Support social service employees to receive vocational education through various channels and improve their academic qualifications. The open university should give full play to its advantages in running a school, speed up the construction of information-based learning resources and platforms, and explore the establishment of a modern distance education teaching and support service model for social service practitioners. 6. Encourage colleges and universities to carry out extensive vocational training. Promote the combination of vocational colleges and related enterprises, and improve the post technical skills of enterprise employees. Support vocational colleges to give full play to their resource advantages, focus on providing vocational training for key employment groups such as employees who have changed jobs in difficult enterprises, employees who have lost capacity, and poor laborers, and undertake training tasks such as "Rain Dew Plan", "Women's Home Economics Service Training" and "Home Economics Training Promotion Action". Encourage vocational colleges to cooperate with industrial enterprises to carry out market-oriented social training. 7. Improve the teaching standard system. Give full play to the basic role of standards in improving the quality of personnel training. In accordance with the requirements of the connection between specialty setting and industry demand, curriculum content and professional standards, and teaching process and production process, we will continue to update and promote the construction and implementation of professional teaching standards, practice standards and practical teaching conditions construction standards in vocational colleges in the field of social services. Promote the implementation of teaching quality standards for undergraduate majors. Guide colleges and universities to implement national teaching standards, scientifically formulate and implement talent training programs according to relevant requirements, and ensure the quality of talent training. 8. Building high-quality curriculum teaching materials resources. Pay attention to strengthening the education of professional ethics, professional quality, safety awareness and awareness of the rule of law. Relevant professional courses focus on the fields of elderly service and management, patient care, maternal and child health care, and moderately expand basic knowledge such as psychology, medicine, nutrition and communication skills. In the construction of national planning textbooks, we will increase support for the construction of related professional textbooks in the field of social service shortage, select 200 high-quality textbooks developed by school-enterprise cooperation, and advocate new loose-leaf and workbook textbooks. Encourage relevant colleges and universities to introduce real projects and cases of enterprises, develop or introduce various forms of digital teaching resources, tilt to related majors in the construction of vocational education teaching resource pool, and do a good job in updating and using the teaching resource pool for the elderly and preschool education. 9. Carry out the pilot of 1+X certificate system. Actively recruit and promote vocational education, training and evaluation institutions, cooperate with high-quality enterprises and vocational colleges in social service industry, develop vocational skill level standards and certificates in areas such as domestic service, aged care service, maternal and child care, and develop teaching materials and learning resources. Support college students to obtain academic certificates while actively obtaining relevant vocational skill level certificates in scarce fields, improve employment and entrepreneurial skills, and promote high-quality employment. Take the lead in piloting the 1+X certificate system in the fields of domestic service, aged care service and child care service, and simultaneously explore the construction of a national vocational education credit bank. 10. Promote in-depth cooperation between schools and enterprises. Encourage social forces to set up vocational colleges for domestic service and old-age service, or jointly build industrial colleges with vocational colleges in the form of joint-stock system and mixed ownership, and jointly set up related majors to standardize and accelerate the training of specialized personnel. The shortage of social service industry will be listed as the key area of school-enterprise cooperation, and priority will be given to supporting the integration and innovation projects of vocational education and the construction of in-depth cooperation projects between schools and enterprises. We will build and cultivate more than 100 domestic enterprises nationwide, give play to the exemplary role of the "leader" in upgrading and expanding the domestic service industry and the backbone enterprises of inclusive old-age care, promote 50 high-quality enterprises and 200 related institutions to form vocational education groups, build industrial colleges, master studios, collaborative innovation platforms and practical training bases, implement modern apprenticeship, "order training" and other training modes, and collaborate and innovate services. 1 1. Encourage students to innovate and start businesses. Encourage colleges and universities to build creative space around "Internet plus home economics", "Internet plus old-age care" and "Internet plus health services", guide students to carry out independent innovation and entrepreneurship activities, do a good job in tracking, guiding and incubating entrepreneurial projects, and guide qualified students to actively participate in entrepreneurship in related fields of social services. Support and encourage students of related majors to participate in the China "internet plus" College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition. Demonstrate the setting of relevant characteristic items in the National Vocational College Skills Competition. Relevant institutions should strengthen vocational guidance and employment and entrepreneurship services according to the characteristics of graduates. Organize students of related majors to carry out social practice activities in social service institutions with strong public welfare attributes such as pension services, urban and rural communities and families. 12. Create a "double-qualified" teacher team. Open recruitment of high-level and high-skilled talents by direct inspection in vocational colleges, and establish and improve the methods for part-time teachers to choose their own jobs in vocational colleges. In principle, teachers who add relevant professional courses should be introduced and selected from those who have experience in home economics, old-age service and community service. Give priority to supporting the teaching innovation team of vocational education teachers who meet the needs of project and modular teaching in social service-related professional fields. Focus on promoting related majors in the quality improvement plan of teachers in vocational colleges. In the construction of "double-qualified" teacher training base, it is inclined to social service related majors. Relying on vocational colleges, applied undergraduate colleges, etc. , strengthen the construction of vocational skills training teachers, and support talent training in areas in short supply. 13. extensive international exchanges and cooperation. Actively introduce foreign professional standards, curriculum standards and technical standards in related fields, organize about 30 colleges and enterprises to introduce international advanced curriculum design and teaching management systems, and develop localized training standards, programs, professional courses and teaching materials in combination with China's national conditions and reality. Regularly organize and send professional backbone teachers from vocational colleges to study and study abroad. Actively carry out relevant international exchange and discussion activities. In the artificial intelligence industry, the shortage of professionals is concentrated in computer science and technology, software engineering, information and computing science, mathematics and applied mathematics, electronic informationization, information management and new information systems. There are technical directors (CTO) and senior algorithm engineer, whose job requirements are very high. In the field of biotechnology and life sciences, the shortage of professionals is concentrated in bioengineering, biopharmaceuticals, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, chemical biology and other majors; At the same time, there is a certain demand for information management and information system, electronic informationization, automation, computer science and technology, statistics and other majors. There is a high proportion of quality director, director of preparation research and development, intellectual property and patent engineer.