Problem description:
I'm not sure about this history, please give me a detailed answer.
Analysis:
Ji Kang (223-263): Zi Shuye was born in Luo County (now Su County, Anhui Province). The leader of "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest". Chun Hou, a famous thinker, poet and musician in the late Wei Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, was one of the representatives of metaphysics at that time. Childhood bereavement, inspirational and diligent. Later, he married Cao Cao's great-granddaughter (Cao Lin's daughter), and when Cao Shi came to power, he worked as a doctor in Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum.
Ji Kang later came from a poor family and often made a living with Xiang Embroidery while the iron was hot in the shade. Your son Zhong Hui is brilliant and eloquent, but Ji Kang looks down on him. One day, Zhong will come to visit. Ji Kang ignored him and just bowed his head and worked. Zhong Hui stayed for a long time and wanted to leave. At this moment, Ji Kang said, "What did you hear?" What did you see and where did you go? "Zhong Hui grumpily replied," as soon as I heard it, I left at the sight. "Then I brushed my sleeves and left. Later, Zhong Hui hated Ji Kang's guts and often spoke ill of him in front of Si Mazhao.
Ji Kang loves music. He said in the preface: "I have a good voice, but I have lived with it for a long time, thinking that things have ups and downs, but this has not changed." The taste is boring, which is tireless. " He is very familiar with traditional and contemporary Qin Le, which can be seen from his Fu Qin.
According to Liu Ji's Qin Yi, Ji Kang learned Guangling San from Du Kui's son Dumont. Ji Kang likes this song very much and often plays it, which attracts many people to ask for advice, but Ji Kang never teaches it. After Sima Shi came to power, he refused to agree with his rule. He, Ruan Ji, Xiang Embroidery, Dan Tao, Liu Ling, Ruan Xian and Wang Rong were also called "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" and fought against Sima Shi, who was later killed at the age of 40. Before he was executed, 3000 students pleaded for him, but they were not allowed. On his deathbed, Suoqin played this song, sighing, "Guangling is scattered today." The statue brick of Ji Kang unearthed from the tomb of the Southern Dynasties in Xishanqiao, Nanjing, depicts the image of Ji Kang sitting on a violin, commanding and imposing.
Ji Kang is very popular. Wang Rong said that he had never seen a bad face in his twenty years of contact with him. Therefore, it left a good name of "alienation of interests and open mind"; Ji Kang, on the other hand, has the side of "just being sick in the intestine, careless and easy to do anything". His masterpiece Breaking Up with Mountain Garden and his love for Guangling San are the manifestations of his cynical and unruly character, and his contempt for Si Mazhao led to his death, which is an obvious example of this kind of integrity.
Guangling powder, also known as Guangling powder. It is a large-scale piano music in ancient times, which appeared at least in the Han Dynasty. Its content has always been different, but the general view is to associate it with the piano music of Nie Zheng's assassination of korean king. Nie Zheng Stabbed the King of Korea, mainly describes the tragic story that Nie Zheng, the son of a sword maker, stabbed the King of Korea to death in order to avenge his father's death, and then committed suicide. In this regard, Cai Yong's Cao Qin has a detailed description.
The extant spectrum of Guangling San was first found in the Magic Secret Spectrum (1425) compiled by Zhu Quan in Ming Dynasty, which contained subheadings about stabbing Korea, rushing to the crown, getting angry and reporting swords. Therefore, ancient Qin composers stabbed Guangling San and Nie Zheng to death in korean king.
The total score of Guangling San consists of forty-five articles, which are divided into six parts: finger, minor preface, major preface, correct pronunciation, disordered pronunciation and postorder. Zheng Zheng used to sympathize with Nie Zheng's unfortunate fate; After the affirmative voice, it expressed the praise and praise for Nie Zheng's heroic deeds. Positive voice is the main part of music, which focuses on the emotional development process of Nie Zheng from resentment to indignation, and profoundly depicts his revenge will that he is not afraid of * * * and would rather die than surrender. The whole song always runs through the interweaving, ups and downs, development and changes of the two theme tones. One is the theme of correct pronunciation found in the second paragraph of Correct Tone, and the other is the theme of disordered pronunciation that first appears at the end of the grand sequence. Affirmative tone is mostly at the beginning of a paragraph, highlighting its leading role. Chaos theme is mostly used at the end of paragraphs, which makes all kinds of changing tunes come down to a common tone, and has the function of marking paragraphs and unifying the whole song.
The melody of Guangling San is passionate and generous. It is the only existing Guqin music in China with a fighting atmosphere with Mao Ge, which directly expresses the fighting spirit of the oppressed against the tyrant and has high ideological and artistic quality. Perhaps Ji Kang saw the rebellious spirit and fighting will of Guangling San, so he loved Guangling San so much and had such deep feelings for it.
Guangling San was once a smash hit in history. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Mr Guan Pinghu, a famous guqin musician in China, arranged and played according to the tunes contained in The Magic Secret, which brought this wonderful guqin back to the world.
Modern violinists believe that this song originated from the HeJian Zaqu in the series.
"Guangling" is the ancient name of Yangzhou, and "three" means exercising and enjoying music. The title of Guangling San shows that it is a kind of piano music popular in ancient Guangling area. This is a large-scale instrumental work in ancient China. Germinated in the Qin and Han Dynasties, its name was first recorded in the book Listening to Guangling Qingsan written by Wei Yingkun and Liu Kongcai. In the Wei and Jin dynasties, it gradually took shape and finalized. Later, it was once lost, and later generations found it in the "Magic Secret Spectrum" of the Ming Dynasty, and then rearranged it to get the "Guangling San" we are hearing now. Qin Le's content is said to tell the story of revenge for his father and assassination of Hanwang during the Warring States Period.
Ji Kang is a master of art. His works, such as Sound Without Sorrow, Difficult to Learn Nature, A Teacher's Advice, Ming Dan and Relieving Private Health, have been handed down from generation to generation, and he plays the piano very well, especially Guangling San, which attracts attention. Ruan Ji, who was thirteen years older than him at that time, was as famous as him. There is often a saying in the history of music that "Qin Qin is Ruan Xiao", but Ji Kang is superior to Ruan Ji in both thought and personality.
Ji Kang dismissed the long-standing dogmatic etiquette and hated the filthy and treacherous official career. He would rather be an unknown and free blacksmith outside Luoyang than follow the crowd. He is obsessed with pursuing the lofty realm of life in his heart: getting rid of bondage, releasing humanity, returning to nature and enjoying leisure. Wang Xiong's fire and powerful hammering are wonderful interpretations of this realm. Therefore, when his friend Dan Tao recommended him to be an official in the imperial court, he resolutely broke up with Dan Tao, and wrote the famous "Breaking Up with Mountain Residence" in cultural history to clarify his feelings.
Unfortunately, Ji Kang's outstanding talent and carefree lifestyle finally brought him disaster. His life philosophy of "not Tang Wu, but thin Zhou Li" and "the more famous a teacher is, the more natural he is" deeply hurt the key of the ruling class: Ji Kang despised the classics of sages so much and hated official career. If it goes on for a long time, it will not endanger my peaceful rule. This man can't kill Zhengmin, the king of Qing Dynasty. Isn't there a Lu An case here? If you are involved with him, you can kill him without giving anyone a hand. Then, under the slander and incitement of some villains who hated Ji Kang, in 262 AD, the ruler Si Mazhao ordered Ji Kang to be executed.
On the execution ground, 3,000 students wrote to the court to pardon Ji Kang and accept him as a teacher, which showed Ji Kang's academic status and personality charm to the society, but this "unreasonable demand" will certainly not be accepted by those in power. Ji Kang's thought at this moment is not that his radiant life is coming to an end, but that there is no successor to a wonderful music. He asked for a piano and played the final "Guangling San" on a high execution platform in front of thousands of people who came to see him off. The sonorous piano sound and mysterious tunes are overwhelming and float into everyone's heart. After the play, Ji Kang calmly poked the beginning, when he was only 39 years old.
Ji Kang not only made great achievements in literature and thought, but also left precious wealth for future generations in music.
Ji Kang likes music since he was a child. He has a special affection for music and is extremely talented. Ji Kang's Biography of the Book of Jin said that Ji Kang's "learning can't be a teacher, learning can't be ignored" has a lot to do with his wild thoughts and being unconstrained by etiquette.
Ji Kang can be described as a wizard in Wei and Jin Dynasties. He is good at flute, piano and melody. In particular, his love for piano and music has left a variety of fascinating legends for future generations. According to "Taiping Guang Ji", 317 quotes from "Gui Ling Zhi" say:
Ji Kang played the piano under the lamp, and suddenly there was a man with a long beard and a black belt, who was very familiar with him. Is to blow out the fire and say, "shame and evil win glory." Try it, dozens of miles away, there is a pavilion called Yuehua. The reason for voting in this pavilion is to kill people. No.3 middle school (Ji Kangzi) is fearless in the heart of No.3 middle school. The first time I saw it, I played the piano first, played an elegant voice, and the air cheered. Zhong San caressed Qin and called, "Who are you?" A cloud; "As an old friend, you didn't stay here. Wen Jun plays the piano, and the music is very harmonious, so I came to listen. It is inappropriate to meet a gentleman, because he died unfortunately and lost his reputation. However, if you love your piano, you should meet each other and not blame. You can make a few more songs. " At noon, it resumed as a festival of playing the piano: "Long time no see, why not come?" What is the plan between the numbers? "But he knocked his head with his hand and said," When you hear the sound of playing the piano, you won't feel enlightened. If the situation is temporary. "Invited to discuss quietly together, clearly defined, said the middle way scattered:" You try it with the piano. "Play straight away, there will be a reference. First of all, it is not as good as it is. Swear to China: Don't teach anyone. Morning language: "Although we met once today, it can last for thousands of years. It's a long time. You can't be disappointed. "
Ji Kang has a very expensive piano. For this piano, he sold it to an old merchant in Dongyang, and asked the minister for a piece of river patrol jade, cut it into thin slices and embedded it on the surface of the piano as a piano emblem. The piano bag is made of jade curtain towel and shrink silk. This piano is priceless. Once, his friend Dan Tao tried to cut the piano after drinking, and Ji Kang threatened his life, which made the rabbit suffer a great disaster.
Ji Kang's four piano pieces, Long Qing, Short Qing, Long Bian and Short Bian, are called "Ji's Four Alleys" and "Nine Alleys" together with Cai Yong's Cai's Five Alleys, which are a famous group of piano pieces in ancient China. Yang Di once regarded playing Jiunong as one of the conditions for getting a bachelor's degree, which shows its great influence and high achievements.
In the face of Sima's dark rule, Ji Kang was filled with indignation. In order to express his resistance, he often fled into the mountains and invited the seven sages of the bamboo forest to travel together. Yuan Yanbo's Biography of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest says: "Uncle Ji tastes mountains and rivers at night, and when he meets mountains, he wears his hair in winter, weaves grass in summer as a dress, plays the stringed piano, and has five tones." It is because of Ji Kang's cynical performance that he has made remarkable achievements in music creation and performance.
Ji Kang's "Guangling San" is a section of this ancient famous song processed by Ji Kang. In the long-term spread process, it is like a folk song, which embodies the hard work of singers of all ages. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu Liang Ya:
The city sentenced me to the east city, and my attitude remained unchanged. Suoqin plays it. Play Guangling. At the end of the song, he said: "Yuan Xiaoni tried to learn this kind of sketch, but I don't agree with Jingu. Guangling sketch is absolutely out of date!" It was the Guangling San played by Ji Kang before his death that made this classical piano piece famous all over the world. Guangling San is famous for Ji Kang to some extent. But the so-called "no more than today" does not refer to the tune itself, but mainly reflects Ji Kang's angry words when he was dying. In fact, Qin Le's Guangling San has been preserved by Magic Secret Music.
It is precisely because of Ji Kang's profound musical skills that before his execution, 3,000 students jointly asked Sima for "being a teacher", but they were not allowed, so that "a person who studies at home is always miserable" (Book of Jin). Therefore, Ji Kang's name has always been associated with Guangling San.
Ji Kang is not only famous for playing Guangling San, but also has unique contributions in music theory, namely Fu Qin and On Sound without Sorrow and Music. Fu Qin mainly shows Ji Kang's understanding of Qin and music, but it also reflects Ji Kang's view that it is different from Confucian traditional thought. The Theory of Sound without Sorrow and Music is the author's direct and concentrated criticism of the Confucian thought of "ruling the world with music". Among them, Ji Kang's insight into music shines brightly.