The common asexual propagation of plants includes spore propagation (mushroom), rhizome propagation (potato), adventitious root (strawberry), branch grafting (apple) and so on.
Mushrooms propagate through spores that are emitted into the air, and when attached to a suitable environment, the spores will grow.
There are many kinds of rhizome propagation, some of which can be directly cut and cultured into new plants, but different plants can propagate in different parts. For example, ordinary aloe can be broken off and buried in a suitable medium, and potato chips need at least one bud eye to survive.
Strawberry stems crawl on the ground, and every time they grow, they will produce fibrous roots that automatically drill into the soil. At this time, the roots are cut off and new plants are formed.
[Cutting, layering and grafting]
Fruit trees and trees are often propagated by aboveground stems. The method includes cutting, layering and grafting.
Cutting is a kind of propagation method that the branches (or roots and leaves) of plants are cut off and inserted into wet soil to make the original branches grow into complete plants. Cutting is only suitable for plants that are prone to produce adventitious roots.
According to different materials, cutting can be divided into branch cutting, root cutting and leaf cutting. The cuttings needed for cuttings should be annual cuttings with moderate thickness, no disease and full of lateral buds, because such branches store more nutrients and are easy to survive. Common cuttings such as grapes, roses and poplars.
The layering is to bend the branches from the mother plant, cut the bark at a proper position and bury it in the soil to expose the branches; When this branch takes root and grows branches and leaves, it is cut off from the mother body to make it a new plant. Nerium indicum is often used to propagate seedlings in this way.
Grafting is to connect the bud or branch (scion) of one plant to the appropriate part of another plant (rootstock), so that they can be closely combined and grow into a complete plant. There are two methods of grafting: bud grafting and branch grafting. A scion is a branch grafting and a scion is a bud grafting. Grafting can not only keep the characteristics of scion varieties, but also make use of the characteristics of rootstock to achieve the purpose of early fruiting, resistance increase and seedling increase.
Asexual reproduction is a convenient and effective means to breed, and its advantages are obvious: asexual reproduction.
Without the help of other individuals, it can basically ensure reproduction; When useful features
After it is formed, it will not be diluted by the process of evolution quickly; Future generations will be exactly like their mothers.