First, dietotherapy methods for diabetic patients

1. medicated porridge. Medicinal porridge suitable for diabetics is:

Tofu paste porridge (addendum to Compendium of Materia Medica): 50g of japonica rice, 500ml of tofu paste, and a little salt or sugar. Cook japonica rice first, then add tofu paste until the rice blooms and the porridge is thick. Take it twice in the morning and evening. It is suitable for diabetes complicated with hypertension and coronary heart disease, but not for diabetic nephropathy and renal failure.

Mung bean porridge ("Puji recipe"): 50g of japonica rice and 50g of mung bean, boiled into porridge. Mung bean has the function of reducing blood lipid, which is suitable for patients with diabetes complicated with hypertension and coronary heart disease, but not for patients with diabetic nephropathy and renal failure.

Red bean fish porridge (empirical formula): red bean 50g, carp 1. First, cook the fish to get juice, then add red beans and boil. Suitable for diabetic edema.

Spinach porridge (Compendium of Materia Medica): 100 ~ 150g spinach, 50g japonica rice, boiled porridge. It is suitable for yin deficiency and heat conversion diabetes. Diarrhea in loose stool is prohibited.

Celery porridge (Compendium of Materia Medica): fresh celery 60 ~ 100g chopped, and japonica rice 100g boiled. Suitable for patients with diabetes and hypertension.

Mushroom porridge (ghost prescription): 5 ~10g of tremella (or 30g of auricularia auricula), 0/00g of japonica rice100g, and 3 Chinese dates. Soak tremella first, cook japonica rice and jujube, and add tremella to cook porridge. It is suitable for patients with diabetic angiopathy. Professor Ham Schmidt of the University of Minnesota School of Medicine believes that eating fungus regularly can reduce and prevent heart attacks. Auricularia auricula has the function of breaking blood, so pregnant women with diabetes should use it with caution.

Radish porridge (Pictorial Materia Medica): appropriate amount of fresh white radish, 50g of japonica rice, boiled porridge. It is suitable for diabetic patients with phlegm and qi.

Yam porridge (enthusiastic record of western medicine): raw yam 60g and rice 60g. First, the rice is boiled into porridge, the yam becomes paste, fried with butter and honey, crushed with a spoon, and cooked into porridge. It is suitable for diabetic patients with spleen and kidney qi deficiency, backache fatigue and loose stool.

Carrot porridge (Compendium of Materia Medica): 50g fresh carrot and 0/00g japonica rice for porridge, which is suitable for patients with diabetes and hypertension. Pharmacological study: Potassium succinate in carrot has antihypertensive effect.

Winter melon and duck porridge (recipe): one winter melon, one duck, 200g rice, mushrooms 10, 3g dried tangerine peel. First, fry the duck in the oil pan until fragrant, season it with onion and ginger, cook it into porridge, and pick up the slices. Eat duck porridge. Suitable for patients with diabetes and hypertension.

Sophora japonica porridge (prescription): 30g of dried Sophora japonica or 50g of flowers and 50g of rice, boiled and taken. It is suitable for patients with diabetes complicated with hypertension and stroke. Sophora japonica can dilate coronary artery and prevent arteriosclerosis, and can prevent stroke if taken regularly.

Chrysanthemum porridge (Lao Lao Heng Yan): Autumn chrysanthemum is dried and ground into powder, and porridge is cooked with japonica rice 100g first. Add chrysanthemum powder 10g and take it after boiling for a while. It is suitable for diabetic patients with blurred vision. Chrysanthemum is used to clear liver and improve eyesight, and is clinically used to prevent and treat hypertension, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.

Corn flour porridge (dietotherapy): 50 ~ 100g of japonica rice, boiled in water until the rice grains bloom, and then 30g of corn flour (fresh corn flour) is added to boil for a while. Suitable for all kinds of diabetic patients. Corn contains protein, fat, sugar, vitamins and minerals. Corn oil is a kind of oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids and an inhibitor of cholesterol absorption.

Litchi porridge (Quanzhou Materia Medica): 5 ~ 7 lychees, 50g japonica rice, boiled. It is suitable for patients with type II diabetes.

Pueraria powder porridge (Taiping Shenghui recipe): 30 grams of Pueraria powder and 50 grams of japonica rice, boiled into porridge. It is suitable for the elderly with diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Pueraria lobata contains flavonoids, which have antipyretic, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects.

Rehmannia porridge (Shen Yin, Yueliangqu County): 150g fresh Rehmannia glutinosa is washed and mashed to get juice. Boil 50g of japonica rice into porridge first, then add Rehmannia glutinosa juice and take it after a little cooking. It is suitable for diabetic patients with deficiency of both qi and yin.

Gouqi porridge (compendium of materia medica): Lycium barbarum 15 ~ 20g, glutinous rice 50g, boiled and taken. It is suitable for diabetic patients with yin deficiency of liver and kidney.

Winter melon porridge (empirical formula): fried aged gourd 10g, cooked with 50g japonica rice, suitable for diabetic edema.

Trichosanthes root porridge (Qianjinfang): 30g of pollen, soaked in warm water for 2 hours, added with 200ml of water, fried to 100ml, and cooked with 50g of japonica rice. Suitable for diabetic patients with obvious thirst, and forbidden for diabetic pregnant women.

Leek porridge (Qianjin Fang Yi): fried leek 10g, boiled with 50g japonica rice, suitable for diabetic impotence patients.

2. Dishes and medicated diets. Dishes and medicated diets suitable for diabetics are:

Bitter gourd: clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing annoyance and quenching thirst. Animal experiments show that bitter gourd can obviously reduce blood sugar. China Academy of Sciences and China People's Liberation Army Institute of Zoology

Diabetic people often eat bitter gourd, which can lower blood sugar to some extent. Fresh bitter gourd can be used as a dish or braised with bitter gourd, each time 100g. Diabetic patients with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold should not take it.

Clam bitter melon soup: bitter gourd 250g, clam meat 100g. Cook the soup together, season with oil and salt, and eat bitter gourd and clam meat when it is cooked. Suitable for mild diabetes.

Pumpkin: It can lower blood sugar and blood fat. Clinical studies at home and abroad show that pumpkin powder is effective in treating mild diabetes. Pumpkin can be dried and ground into powder, 5g each time, 3 times a day, or 250g fresh pumpkin can be cooked and eaten, which can satisfy hunger and lower blood sugar.

Onion (onion): it tastes light and flat, and has the effect of lowering blood sugar. Can also be fried with onion 50 ~ 100 g, or eaten as a dish.

Stewed corn with lean pork: 30g corn with 100g lean pork, cooked and eaten in soup, suitable for ordinary diabetics.

Steamed chicken with medlar: medlar 15g, hen 1 wine, ginger, onion, seasoning, cooked medlar, chicken and soup. It is suitable for the weak of diabetic kidney-qi deficiency.

Braised chicken wings with bitter gourd: bitter gourd 250g, chicken wings 1 right, ginger juice, yellow wine, seasoning and vegetable oil. Stir-fry chicken wings first, then add bitter gourd and seasoning, cook and drink soup.

Braised duck with Radix Adenophorae and Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati: 30-50g of Radix Adenophorae, 30g of Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, one old duck, stewed with a little onion, ginger and salt, and then eaten with meat and soup. Suitable for middle-aged and elderly people with diabetes.

Steamed tea crucian carp: 500g crucian carp, 20g green tea, steamed, light fish. Suitable for diabetes.

Braised abalone with radish: 20g dried abalone, 250g fresh radish, boiled in water, served with meat. Suitable for general diabetic patients.

Monopterus albus: It has certain hypoglycemic effect. The medicated diets made by Monopterus albus are: steamed Monopterus albus, golden sauce Monopterus albus, braised shredded Monopterus albus, shredded Monopterus albus and crispy shredded Monopterus albus.

Stewed soft-shelled turtle: 500g live soft-shelled turtle, onion, ginger, bamboo shoots, wine, stewed soup. It is suitable for elderly diabetic patients with kidney yin deficiency.

Boiled clam meat with leek: 250g of leek, 250g of clam meat, a little cooking wine, ginger and salt, boiled soup to eat meat, suitable for diabetic patients with kidney yin deficiency.

Stewed soft-shelled turtle with corn stigma: corn stigma 100g, soft-shelled turtle 1 piece, appropriate amount of onion, appropriate amount of salt, appropriate amount of cooking wine, stew meat to make soup. Suitable for general diabetic patients.

Stewed mussel meat with corn stigma: corn stigma 100g, mussel meat 150g, salt, onion and cooking wine. Stewing food and drinking soup are suitable for general diabetics.

Snail: It has a certain hypoglycemic effect. Big snails 10 to 20, a little salt, ginger and onion. Eat snails and soup when cooked.

Cod: Cod pancreas is rich in insulin and can be stewed. It is suitable for all types of diabetic patients.

Silkworm pupa: washed and fried with vegetable oil, or fried into decoction. It is suitable for all types of diabetic patients.

Sea cucumber: washed fried food can be used for various types of diabetes.

Stir-fried peas with fresh mushrooms: fresh mushrooms 100g, fresh peas 150g, a little vegetable oil and salt. It is suitable for all types of diabetic patients.

Other dishes: stir-fried peas with vegetarian dishes, stir-fried bean sprouts with vegetarian dishes, stir-fried winter melon with vegetarian dishes, stir-fried spinach with vegetarian dishes, stir-fried mung bean sprouts, stir-fried celery with mushrooms, and roasted cabbage with mushrooms, all of which are suitable for diabetics.

3. Soup and drinks. Soups and drinks suitable for diabetic patients are:

Winter melon pulp soup (Sheng Huifang): 30g of winter melon pulp is boiled with water instead of tea.

Gourd soup: 60 grams of fresh gourds, or 30 grams of dried gourds, decocted in water to drink soup. Is suitable for diabetic furuncle.

Red bean and winter melon soup: Red bean and winter melon are boiled in moderation. Is suitable for diabetic furuncle.

Glutinous rice mulberry skin soup: stir-fried glutinous rice flower 30g, mulberry skin 30g, decocted in water. Suitable for diabetics who are thirsty and drink more.

Spinach tremella soup: fresh spinach root 150 ~ 200 g, tremella 20g, soup to eat tremella, suitable for diabetic constipation patients.

Rabbit soup: 1 rabbit, seasoned with salt, cooked broth.

Pigeon meat tremella soup: half pigeon, tremella fuciformis 15g, cooked with meat and soup. Suitable for all types of diabetes.

Pigeon meat, yam and Polygonatum odoratum soup: 1 pigeon, 30g yam and 20g Polygonatum odoratum, all cooked and eaten. Suitable for yin deficiency diabetes.

Pig pancreas soup: pig pancreas 1 piece, Astragalus membranaceus 60g, Dioscorea opposita 120g, decocted in water, eat pig pancreas and drink soup. Bake pig pancreas and grind it into powder, 6 ~ 9g each time, 3 times a day. Suitable for all types of diabetes.

Ear soup: tremella and auricularia auricula each 10g, with a little rock sugar. Wash tremella and auricularia auricula, steam them with clear water until they are cooked, and eat auricularia auricula and drink soup. Suitable for diabetic patients with fundus hemorrhage.

Chrysanthemum and Sophora japonica green tea beverage: chrysanthemum 3 g, Sophora japonica 3 g, green tea 3g, brewed with boiling water. Suitable for patients with diabetes and hypertension.

Balsam pear tea: A fresh bitter gourd, green tea and warm water. Suitable for mild diabetes.

Xiaoke tea (secret of the outer platform): Ophiopogon japonicus, Polygonatum odoratum 15g, Astragalus membranaceus and Tetrapanacis tetrapanacis 100g, Poria, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Pueraria lobata and Mori Cortex, Fructus Arctii 150g, Dried Rehmannia glutinosa, Lycium barbarum, Flos Lonicerae and Coicis Semen, each 30g.

Lycium Barbarum Bark Dew (National Chinese Medicine Prescription Library): Lycium Barbarum Bark 300g, which is fine powder. By distillation, it is 1500g, 60g each time, twice a day.

Instant drink for quenching thirst: fresh watermelon peel, watermelon peel1000g, proper amount of sugar, and 250g of Trichosanthes kirilowii root. Slice the peel of Fructus Trichosanthis, mash the root, add water to boil 1 hr, remove the residue, continue to add the decoction, concentrate with low fire until it becomes thick, when the temperature stops, add the white sugar powder, absorb the decoction, mix well, dry in the sun, smash, soak in boiling water 10g each time, and drink tea frequently. Suitable for all types of diabetes.

White radish juice (Doctor's Heart Mirror): white radish 1000g, washed and mashed, wrapped in gauze and squeezed, 50ml each time, three times a day.

Fresh Plum Juice (Quanzhou Materia Medica): Appropriate amount of fresh ripe plums, chopped and twisted juice, each time 1 tablespoon, 3 times a day.

Wumei Tea: Wu Mei 15g, brewed with boiling water instead of tea.

Polygonatum tea: Polygonatum 15g, Lycium barbarum 10g, green tea 3g, brewed in warm water without making tea.

Fresh Rehmannia Dew (preventing and treating diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine): 500g fresh Rehmannia Dew is cut into small pieces and made into dew 1000g, with the functions of nourishing kidney and yin, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst.

Ophiopogon japonicus tea (traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating diabetes): Ophiopogon japonicus, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Glehniae, Polygonatum odoratum and pollen each 9g, Mume Fructus, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae and Glycyrrhrizae Radix each 6g, all of which are fine powders. Each dose 1, brewed with boiling water, without tea.

Second, the dietary principles of diabetic patients

Modern medicine has proved that the insulin secretion of normal people increases with the increase of blood sugar after eating, which makes the blood sugar drop and keep it in the normal range, so diabetes will not occur. However, due to the decline of islet function, insulin secretion in diabetic patients is absolutely or relatively insufficient, and insulin cannot increase with the increase of blood sugar after eating, which can not effectively reduce blood sugar, so blood sugar exceeds the normal range. At this time, if you eat like a normal person, do not control your diet, or even overeat, your blood sugar will rise too high, which will adversely affect the islet tissue that is already under-secreted, making the islet function lower and insulin secretion lower, thus further aggravating the condition. Therefore, diabetics should control their diet reasonably.

Dietotherapy is the basis of treating all kinds of sugar laziness, and it is also one of the most fundamental treatments for diabetes. No matter what type of diabetes is, the severity of the disease or whether there are complications, whether it is treated with insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs, it is necessary to strictly carry out and adhere to diet control for a long time. For obese patients with type 2 diabetes or elderly mild cases, diet therapy can be used as the main treatment method, and proper oral hypoglycemic drugs can achieve the purpose of effectively controlling the disease. For type I diabetes and severe cases, it is necessary to actively control diet on the basis of insulin and other drugs in order to effectively control blood sugar and prevent the disease from getting worse. Therefore, diet therapy is the basic treatment of diabetes, which must be strictly observed.

1. The purpose of diet therapy

(1) Reduce the burden of islets, make blood sugar and blood lipid reach or approach normal values, and prevent or delay the occurrence and development of cardiovascular complications.

(2) Keep healthy so that adults can engage in various normal activities and children can grow and develop normally.

(3) maintain a normal weight. Reducing the energy intake of obese people can improve the sensitivity of receptors to insulin. Thin people can increase their resistance to infection by gaining weight.

2. Main points of dietotherapy application

(1) Diet therapy is the basic therapy for diabetes, and it is the premise of all treatment methods, and it is suitable for all types of diabetic patients. Mild cases can achieve good results mainly through diet therapy, and moderate and severe patients must also apply physiotherapy and drug therapy reasonably on the basis of diet therapy. Only by controlling diet, oral hypoglycemic drugs or islets can play a good role. Otherwise, it is difficult to achieve good results in clinic by blindly relying on so-called new drugs and drugs and ignoring diet therapy.

(2) Dietotherapy should be flexibly adjusted and mastered according to the condition. Thin patients can relax appropriately to ensure the total calories. Obese patients must strictly control their diet and focus on a low-calorie fat diet to lose weight. For patients treated with insulin, we should pay attention to adding meals at 9 ~ 10, 3 ~ 4 pm or before going to bed as appropriate to prevent hypoglycemia. When manual labor or activities are long, attention should also be paid to appropriately increasing staple food or dinner.

(3) Dietotherapy should be scientific and reasonable, neither too much nor too little. Just don't be arbitrary, too strict, and dare not eat any carbohydrates. On the contrary, it will aggravate your condition and even cause ketosis. We should strictly calculate according to our own conditions, weight, height, etc., and arrange our diet scientifically and reasonably under the premise of controlling the total calories, so as to meet the minimum needs of the human body and control the total calories.

(4) Arrange staple food and non-staple food scientifically, and don't just pay attention to staple food and despise non-staple food. Although staple food is the main source of blood sugar and should be controlled, some protein and fat in non-staple food can also become blood sugar and become the source of blood sugar. In metabolism, 58% of protein and 10% of fat become glucose. Eating too much of this kind of non-staple food will also make people fat, which is not good for their illness. Therefore, in addition to reasonable control of staple food, non-staple food should also be reasonably matched, otherwise the expected effect will not be achieved.

3. Appropriate and inappropriate food

(1) What's wrong with diabetes?

Foods that can easily raise blood sugar rapidly: white sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, glucose, maltose, honey, chocolate, toffee, fruit candy, candied fruit, canned fruit, soft drinks, fruit juice, sweet drinks, jam, ice cream, sweet biscuits, cakes, sweet bread and sweets made of sugar.

Drinking alcohol is not advisable. Because the alcohol contained in the wine contains no other nutrients, it only provides heat energy, and each gram of alcohol produces about 7 kilocalories (294 joules), which is harmful to the liver and easy to cause the increase of serum triglycerides. A few patients who take sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs are prone to palpitation, shortness of breath and blushing after drinking. Drinking alcohol on an empty stomach is easy to cause hypoglycemia in insulin patients. For the safety of patients, it is best not to drink alcohol.

You should eat less or not eat fruit. Because fruit contains more carbohydrates, mainly glucose, sucrose and starch. Rapid digestion and absorption after eating will lead to a rapid increase in blood sugar, which is not good for diabetic patients. Therefore, diabetic patients generally should not eat more fruits. But because fruit contains more pectin, pectin can delay the absorption of glucose, so you can eat less fruit when your condition is stable. Choose the principle of low sugar when eating fruit. At the same time, according to its sugar content, calculate its heat energy. Convert it into staple food, reduce or deduct the amount of staple food, and keep the total calories unchanged. It is not advisable to eat fruit at every meal. It is generally believed that it is more appropriate to take a small amount between meals (when blood sugar drops). There is a nutrient composition table, which should be selected according to the condition.

The cholesterol content in the diet should be limited. When the condition of diabetic patients is not well controlled, it is easy to increase serum cholesterol, which will lead to diabetic vascular complications and disease-free coronary heart disease. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the intake of cholesterol in the diet of diabetic patients, and it is generally advocated that the limit of cholesterol is below 300 mg per day.

(2) What should diabetes eat?

Fruit:

Apricot: improve blood circulation, regulate blood lipids and protect blood vessels;

Cherry: increase the content of insulin in human body;

Strawberry: assisting in lowering blood sugar;

Plum: suitable for fatigue and heat-type diabetes;

Hawthorn: preventing diabetic vascular complications;

Litchi: contains substances that lower blood sugar;

Olive: preventing coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis;

Figure: low-sugar and high-fiber fruit crystals;

Watermelon: suitable for diabetic patients with nephropathy;

Wax gourd: beneficial to patients with diabetes complicated with nephropathy;

Papaya: lowering blood sugar;

Peaches: lower postprandial blood sugar;

Carambola: quickly replenish water, promote fluid production to quench thirst and lower blood sugar;

Kiwifruit: regulating sugar metabolism;

Oranges: preventing retinal hemorrhage in diabetic patients;

Grapefruit: regulating blood sugar level;

Oranges: preventing diabetes;

Lemon: preventing diabetic complications such as organ dysfunction;

Reed pear: help to repair islet B cells;

Avocado: effectively control the blood sugar of patients with type 2 diabetes;

Apple: reduce blood sugar content and prevent diabetes;

Pineapple: reduce dependence on insulin and drugs;

Coconut: suitable for diabetics to drink more and be thirsty;

Pomegranate: reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease caused by diabetes;

Guava: improve the body's sensitivity to insulin;

Pitaya: more suitable for elderly diabetic patients.

Vegetables:

Bitter gourd: known as "plant insulin";

Cucumber: the best fruit and vegetable food for diabetics;

Pumpkin: improve the insulin secretion level of diabetic patients;

Wax gourd: inhibit the conversion of sugar into fat;

Tremella fuciformis (Auricularia auricula): It has obvious influence on the hypoglycemic activity of insulin;

Kelp: improve glucose tolerance, lower blood sugar and protect islet cells;

Porphyra: reduce blood viscosity;

Lentinus edodes: beneficial to diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy;

Pleurotus ostreatus: prevention and treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, etc.

Volvariella volvacea: reduce plasma cholesterol content;

Tricholoma: help diabetics control blood sugar;

Tricholoma matsutake: it has a special therapeutic effect on diabetes;

Coprinus comatus: preventing arteriosclerosis, heart disease and obesity;

Flammulina velutipes: reduce or delay the occurrence of diabetic complications;

Green pepper: auxiliary regulation of blood sugar;

Pepper: significantly reduce blood sugar level;

Eggplant: prevent retinal hemorrhage caused by diabetes;

Lotus root: inhibit urine sugar, promote fluid production and quench thirst;

Yam: control the increase of blood sugar after meals;

Jerusalem artichoke: controlling blood sugar, reducing blood fat and treating obesity;

Water chestnut: adjuvant treatment of diabetic polyuria;

Amorphophallus konjac: effectively reduce postprandial blood sugar;

Onion: stimulates the synthesis and release of insulin;

Garlic: obviously inhibit some glucoamylase;

Tomatoes: suitable for diabetics to eat every day;

Zucchini: promote human insulin secretion;

Carrots: prevent and treat diabetes and arteriosclerosis, and lower cholesterol;

White radish: stabilize the structure and function of islet;

Celery: calming the liver for diuresis and lowering blood sugar;

Chinese kale: delaying the absorption of glucose in food;

Spinach: more suitable for patients with type 2 diabetes;

Coriander: assisting in lowering blood pressure;

Amaranth: reduce complications of diabetes;

Shepherd's purse: beneficial to diabetic cataract patients;

Water shield: adjuvant treatment of diabetes, anti-cancer, lowering blood pressure;

Bean sprouts: control the rise of blood sugar after meals;

Pea seedlings: beneficial to patients with type 2 diabetes;

Water spinach: it is beneficial to control the blood sugar of patients with type 2 diabetes;

Undaria pinnatifida: lowering blood sugar and adjuvant treatment of diabetes;

Swaray: delay the absorption of glucose in food;

Portulaca oleracea: promoting insulin secretion by islets;

Chinese cabbage: preventing diabetes and obesity;

Cabbage: an ideal food for patients with diabetes and obesity;

Purple cabbage: lowering blood sugar, relieving summer heat and quenching thirst;

Chinese cabbage flower: improve glucose tolerance and blood lipid;

Broccoli: improve the sensitivity of insulin;

Lettuce: promoting diuresis, lowering blood pressure and preventing arrhythmia;

Bamboo shoots: stabilize blood sugar after meals and help lower blood sugar;

Asparagus: regulate the concentration of fat and sugar in blood;

Aloe vera: can continuously reduce blood sugar concentration;

Cactus: It's good for controlling diabetes.

Cereal beans:

Buckwheat: it is very beneficial to diabetes complicated with hyperlipidemia;

Oats: preventing diabetes complicated with hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease;

Wheat bran: supplement B vitamins;

Highland barley: control blood sugar level;

Black rice: suitable for diabetic patients as a staple food;

Corn: auxiliary control of blood sugar;

Coix seed: lowering blood pressure and diuresis;

Cowpea: promote insulin secretion;

Mung bean: adjuvant treatment of diabetes and obesity;

Black beans: regulating blood sugar metabolism;

Soybean: it has certain curative effect on diabetes;

Adzuki bean: moisten the intestines to relieve constipation and assist in lowering blood sugar;

Meat:

Meretrix meretrix: regulate the metabolic disorder of sugar, fat and protein in diabetic patients and prevent complications;

Oyster: increase the sensitivity of insulin and help treat diabetes;

Monopterus albus: significantly reduce blood sugar and regulate sugar metabolism;

Carp: regulating endocrine metabolism of diabetic patients;

Cod: it has certain hypoglycemic effect;

Eel: regulating blood sugar;

Tuna: one of the meat foods suitable for diabetics;

Salmon: reducing the possibility of developing type 2 diabetes;

Black-bone chicken: it is beneficial to prevent diabetes and autism;

Duck meat: it can be used with Euryale ferox for diabetic spleen edema;

Quail: Adjuvant treatment of diabetes;

Beef: help to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular complications;

Rabbit meat: preventing atherosclerosis and diabetes;

Liver: supplement selenium to help lower blood sugar.

Dried fruit:

Hazelnut: suitable for cancer and diabetes patients;

Chestnut: prevent and treat postprandial blood sugar increase;

Walnut: preventing cardiovascular complications;

Lotus seed: it has certain curative effect on diabetic polyuria symptoms;

Peanut: it is beneficial to prevent cardiovascular complications of diabetic patients;

Almond: prevent heart disease and diabetes and lose weight;

Sesame: prevention and treatment of diabetes, heart disease and hypertension;

Cashew nuts: help to prevent and treat diabetes;

Watermelon seeds: prevention of peripheral nerve dysfunction in diabetic patients;

White melon seeds: reduce or delay complications of diabetes.

Edible oils and condiments:

Ginger: significantly lower blood sugar and reduce diabetic complications;

Vinegar: reduce postprandial blood sugar in diabetic patients;

Tea oil: it can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose and blood glucose 2 hours after meals;

Olive oil: the best source of fat supplement for diabetic patients;

Sesame oil: helps to protect arterial blood vessels;

Sunflower seed oil: it can prevent and treat "rich diseases" such as diabetes.

Tea:

Green tea: it is helpful for the rehabilitation of diabetic patients;

Black tea: it is beneficial for female diabetic patients to prevent osteoporosis;

Sweet tea: adjuvant treatment of diabetes and obesity.

Third, the misunderstanding of diet

Strict diet control is the prerequisite and the most important part of treating diabetes. Doctors found in clinical practice that patients often can't play their due role because of poor diet control.

1. Break the misconception that eating more hypoglycemic drugs will lead to more meals.

2. Eat less and eat more. It not only ensures the supply of calories and nutrients, but also avoids the peak of postprandial blood sugar.

3. Carbohydrate foods should be eaten according to regulations, neither less nor more, and should be balanced (carbohydrates refer to sugar in food, vegetables, milk, fruits, bean products and hard fruits).

There is no difference between eating dessert and salty dessert, both of which will lead to high blood sugar.

The amount of "diabetic food" should be equal to that of ordinary food. "Diabetic food" refers to foods with high dietary fiber, such as buckwheat and oats. Although these foods take a long time to digest and absorb, they will eventually become glucose.

6. The so-called "sugar-free food" is essentially a food without sucrose. Some foods use sweeteners instead of sucrose, but you still can't eat them casually.

7. Vegetables with starch as the main component should be included in the staple food. These vegetables include potato, sweet potato, lotus root, yam, water chestnut, taro, lily, water chestnut, arrowhead and so on.

8. Beans other than soybeans, such as red beans, mung beans, broad beans, kidney beans and peas, are mainly composed of starch, so they should also be counted as staple foods.

9. Eat non-staple food in moderation.

10. Hard fruits such as peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds and pine nuts cannot be used to satisfy hunger.

1 1. Eat more foods containing dietary fiber.

12. Eat less salt.

13. Eat less foods containing cholesterol.

14. About eating fruit. Patients with better blood sugar control can eat fruits with lower sugar content, such as apples, pears, oranges, oranges and strawberries, but the amount should not be too much. The time to eat fruit should be when blood sugar is low between meals. If you eat fruit in the future, it is equivalent to adding meals, and your blood sugar will rise immediately. In addition, after eating watermelon, sugar is absorbed quickly, so try not to eat it. Banana has a high starch content and should be counted as a staple food.

15. Sweeteners will not be converted into glucose and will not affect the change of blood sugar, so they cannot be used as self-help food for hypoglycemia.

16. Diabetic patients should not limit drinking water.