Chinese Pinyin: hú suì
Alias: coriander, coriander, Chinese cabbage, coriander, coriander, coriander, coriander, coriander and coriander.
English name: coriander
Latin name: coriander
Latin animal and plant mineral name: coriander.
Classification of families and genera: Umbelliferae
Planting history
Plum, the earliest name of coriander, originated in the Mediterranean coast and Central Asia. According to the Natural History, "Zhang Qian returned to the Western Regions and got garlic ... coriander", so he was named coriander. However, different versions of natural history have different records, which contradict the records of many historical books and are unreliable. According to research, coriander was actually introduced after Zhang Qian. However, coriander, as a vegetable, was definitely widely planted at least in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Because in the Book of Qi Yao Min, the methods of planting coriander and making pickled coriander are recorded in detail. In the Han Dynasty, coriander was originally called coriander, which was in the form of loose stems and leaves, so the planting history was also in the Western Han Dynasty! When he arrived in the post-Zhao Dynasty, Schleswig proclaimed himself emperor, saying, "Hu taboo, gold powder people are called coriander incense". So it is called coriander in Jindi and coriander, coriander or coriander in Henan.
Coriander is an important edible vegetable, which is cultivated all over China today, especially in northern China.
[Edit this paragraph] Growth environment
Coriander is a cold-tolerant vegetable, which needs cold and humid environmental conditions and does not grow well under high temperature and drought conditions. Celery belongs to low temperature and long sunshine plants. Under normal circumstances, after 10 ~ 20 days, seedlings can complete vernalization at a low temperature of 2 ~ 5 degrees. Later, under the condition of long sunshine, bolting was carried out through photoperiod. Celery is a shallow-rooted vegetable with weak absorption capacity, so it has strict requirements on soil moisture and nutrients, and the soil with strong water and fertilizer conservation and rich organic matter is most suitable for growth. The adaptive range to soil pH is pH 6.0 ~ 7.6.
[Edit this paragraph] Morphological characteristics
Annual or biennial herbs, 30- 100 cm tall. The whole plant is hairless and has a strong aroma. The root is slender and has many slender branches. The stems are erect, much branched and striped. Basal leaves are pinnately arranged once or twice, and the petiole is 2-8 cm long; The pinna is oval or fan-shaped, with a length of 1-2cm and a width of 1- 1.5cm, and the edge is obtuse, serrated, serrated or deeply split. The upper stem leaves are pinnate for three or more times, and the last lobe is narrow and linear, with a length of 5- 15mm and a width of 0.5- 1.5mm, and the top is obtuse and rounded, with the whole margin. Umbellies terminal or opposite to leaves, peduncle 2-8 cm long; Without involucre; Umbrella spokes 3-8; Involucral bracts 2-5, linear, entire; Umbellies have 3- 10 flowers, white or lavender, and calyx teeth are usually different in size, oval triangle or oblong; Petals are obovate, 1- 1.2 mm long and about 1 mm wide, with a concave uvula at the top; Radial petals usually entire, with 3-5 veins; When the fruit is ripe, the grain bends outward. The fruit is nearly spherical, with a diameter of about 1.5 mm, the main edge and adjacent secondary edge on the back are obvious, the endosperm ventral surface is sunken, the oil tube is not obvious, or 1 is located below the secondary edge. The flowering and fruiting period is April-165438+1October. Its quality is green in color, rich in aroma, crisp and tender in texture, without yellow leaves and rotten leaves.
[Edit this paragraph] Cultivation of medicinal plants
Biological characteristics are characterized by strong cold resistance, short growth period and easy cultivation. From sowing to harvesting, the growing period is 60-90 days, which can be cultivated under different natural conditions all over the country. It is generally required to be cultivated on calcareous sandy loam with abundant sunshine and rain, fertile soil and loose soil. It is most sensitive to phosphate fertilizer, which can increase the essential oil content of each seed. The weather should not be dry in the fruiting period, and the soil should be wet, so that virgins can be full. Cultivation techniques use seeds to propagate. Sow in July and August in North China, harvest before 10, sow in warm areas of South China10/1,and harvest in the following spring. Both sowing and drilling can be used, and the sowing amount is 22.5-27 kg per kloc-0/hm2. Knead the fruit before sowing, so that the seeds can contact the soil, absorb water and promote germination. It is not suitable to irrigate when sowing, and then irrigate after 4-5 days, and germinate in about 5-9 days. When the height of field management seedlings is 5-8cm, thinning should be carried out, the plant spacing should be 10- 15cm, topdressing and irrigation should be 1-3 times.
[Edit this paragraph] Harvest and storage
Harvesting in spring, washing and drying.
[Edit this paragraph] Medical value
Every 100g ingredient contains protein 2.0g, carbohydrate 6.9g, fat 0.3g, calcium 170mg, phosphorus 49mg, iron 5.6mg, carrot 3.77mg, vitamin C4 1mg, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and so on. In addition, it also contains volatile oil, D- mannitol, flavonoid glycosides and so on. Compendium of Materia Medica is listed as the vegetable department and can be eaten. Because its tender stems and fresh leaves have special fragrance, they are often used to add flavor to dishes. If you put some coriander when cooking fish, the fishy smell will be much weaker. Now, coriander is not only a supporting role, but also one of the veritable main ingredients in "shredded pork with fish flavor", "salt water" and "coriander"
Chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine
The whole grass contains vitamin c98.1g/100g [1], decanal, nonanal and linalool [2].
The aboveground part contains four fenugreek substances: coriander, dihydrocoriander and coriander ketone) A and B[3]. The leaves contain bergamot lactone, imperatorin, umbelliferone, xantho-texol and scopoletin [4].
In addition, it also contains quercetin -3- glucuronide, isoquercitrin, rutin, vitamin C[6] and inorganic elements such as aluminum, barium, copper, iron, lithium, manganese, silicon and titanium [7].
efficacy
Publish a penetrating rash; Xiaoshi appetizers; Analgesia and detoxification
therapy
Cold and cold; Measles; Poor penetration of acne rash; Including food accumulation; Abdominal pain; Nausea; Headache; Toothache; Rectum; Erysipelas; Initial swelling of sore; snake wound
Do textual research
From dietotherapy herbal medicine
Identification of raw medicinal materials
Character identification: Most of the leaves are curled into a ball, the stems and leaves are withered and green, the diameter of the stem is about 1mm, most of the leaves fall off or break off, and the intact leaves split pinnately once or twice. The roots are whisker-like or oblong-conical, and the surface is white. It has a strong special fragrance and a faint astringency.
Drug application identification
Coriander and Schizonepeta tenuifolia are pungent and warm, which can not only induce sweating and relieve exterior symptoms, but also spread lung and penetrate rash, which is due to wind-cold external bundle and rash is not used smoothly. And Schizonepeta tenuifolia enters the liver meridian, expelling wind and stopping spasm, treating sores and stopping bleeding. Coriander takes the stomach meridian, wakes up the spleen and stimulates appetite, helps digestion and relieves qi, and treats different diseases.
Sexual taste
Pungent; Sexual temperature
Source of medicinal materials
It is the whole grass of coriander root in Umbelliferae.
dosage
Oral administration: decoction, 9- 15g, fresh15-30g; Or mash the juice. External use: appropriate amount, washed with water; Or tamping; Or twist clothes.
[Edit this paragraph] Food recommendation
Stir-fried shredded pork with stalks
Ingredients: 200g cooked pork tripe,150g, clear oil1000g (about eating? 00 grams), cooking wine, salt, monosodium glutamate, rice vinegar, shredded onion and ginger, garlic slices and sesame oil.
Methods: 1. Wash the cooked pork belly, cut it into 4 cm long filaments, blanch it in a boiling water pot, remove it and drain it for later use. 2. Wash the selected ones, remove the leaves and cut them into inches for later use. 3. Put the pot on a strong fire. When the oil is heated to 60%, lubricate the shredded pork, then take it out and drain it. Leave some base oil in the original pot. When heated to 70% heat, add shredded pork, coriander segments and seasonings, stir-fry quickly, mix well, thicken and oil, and serve.
Features: white and green, fresh and refreshing, can make up for deficiency, especially suitable for people with hematochezia.
[Edit this paragraph] Diet therapy
Chinese medicine believes that coriander is spicy and fragrant, which is a health food that warms the middle and strengthens the stomach. If eaten daily, it has the effects of promoting digestion, relieving qi, invigorating spleen and regulating middle energizer, and is suitable for cold constitution. It can be eaten by people with weak stomach and intestinal stagnation, and can be used to treat epigastric pain, dyspepsia, measles and other diseases.
Children with acne: Coriander can be made into coriander wine to wipe the skin, or decocted with water, smoked while it is hot, or dipped in soup to wipe the face and neck, which can accelerate the eruption of acne. If it has already appeared, it should be stopped.
Indigestion: orange peel. Adding ginger to japonica rice porridge to make coriander porridge can enhance the efficacy of dispelling cold and relieving pain, invigorating stomach and promoting digestion, and is often used to treat wind-cold headache. Stomach weakness and food stagnation.
Hypertension: Take fresh coriander 10g, kudzu root 10g and add water, 1 time in the morning and evening, 50ml each time, 1 course of treatment 10 day, which has an auxiliary effect on treating hypertension.
Kurt: 6 grams of basil leaves (double fresh leaves) and 3 slices of ginger, boiled or boiled in water, and eaten while hot.
Vomiting and nausea: 1 scoop of fresh grass and 2 scoops of sugarcane juice, heated twice a day.
Corneal nebula: 1-2 seeds, washed, put into the eye margin, close your eyes for a while, and the seeds are wet and swollen and sticky.
[Edit this paragraph] Medical contraindications
The rash has been exposed, or not exposed, but the heat toxicity is stagnant, so I can't help taking it.
1. "One thousand pounds diet": I can't eat for a long time, which makes people get carried away. Hua Lun-Yun, suffering from bad breath, eating worse, fasting for those with abdominal pathogens, eating causes overnight illness, especially golden sores.
2. "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": People who eat for a long time are weak, so they should not eat with wormwood leaves, which makes people sweat. If you don't eat for a long time, it's smoked vegetables and harmful to your spirit. The root cause leads to chronic diseases.
3. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Anyone who takes all tonics, including Atractylodes macrocephala and Paeonia lactiflora, should not eat this.
4. "Materia Medica": people with qi deficiency should not eat. Not suitable for people who get acne quickly, unless they are attacked by cold and dirty air.
5. Medical Forest Compendium: Eating too much makes you dizzy and gas-consuming.
[Edit this paragraph] Various expositions
1. Compendium of Materia Medica: Coriander, pungent, warm and fragrant, with heart and spleen inside and limbs outside, can dispel all evil spirits, so people with acne can get rid of it. All kinds of sores belong to heart fire, which is absorbed by the spleen in the blood, and the fragrance of the heart and spleen moves, while the stench is stagnant. According to Yang Shizhen's "Zhi Zhi Fang" cloud, acne is unpleasant to break out, so it should be sprayed with coriander wine to prevent evil spirits. If the child is weak and the weather is cloudy and cold, use this to keep the child healthy. If the child has a strong yang in spring and summer and the yang is gradually declining, use wine to help abuse and use fire to benefit fire. If the stomach is hot and toxic blood accumulates, it will turn black. Don't be careless
2. Outline of medical forest: coriander, nourishing liver, purging lung, ascending and dispersing, all-encompassing, published like onion, specializing in qi.
Promote Yin Qi, ward off evil spirits, sweat and firm rash. Chen Nianzu: Resolving phlegm.
3. Cui Yuxi's "Food Classics": regulating food and reducing qi.
4. "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": benefit the five internal organs, tonify the tendons and veins, control the cereal, treat the intestinal wind, and wrap the food with hot cakes. The root cause leads to chronic diseases.
5. "Jia You Ben Cao": eliminate the valley, treat the five internal organs, make up the deficiency, benefit the small intestine, dredge the lower abdomen, pull out the heat of the limbs, stop the headache, treat the rash and pea sores, make the wine foam stand out and communicate with the heart.
6. "Daily Materia Medica": eliminating the valley and transforming qi, clearing the large intestine qi. Treat headache, toothache and fish poison.
[Edit this paragraph] Cooking related
Introduction of raw materials
Coriander was also introduced by Zhang Qian when he was in the Western Han Dynasty. Its tender stems and fresh leaves have special fragrance, and are often used as ornament and flavor enhancer of dishes, which is one of the best vegetables that people like to eat.
Coriander belongs to Umbelliferae and is a biennial vegetable every year. Originated in the coastal area of China, it is distributed all over the country, with the largest number in North China and cultivated in all seasons.
The main root of coriander is thin, usually spindle-shaped, and the stem is erect, slender and long; Petiole is short, leaf blade is fan-shaped and green.
Its quality is green in color, rich in aroma, crisp and tender in texture, without yellow leaves and rotten leaves.
Nutritional analysis
Coriander contains a lot of volatile oil, and its special aroma is volatile oil. It can remove the fishy smell of meat, so adding some coriander to some dishes can play a unique role in removing fishy smell and enhancing flavor. Coriander extract has obvious effects of sweating, clearing away heat and penetrating rash, and its unique fragrance can stimulate sweat gland secretion and promote sweating and penetrating rash. Another function of regulating the stomach is that the pungent aroma of coriander can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, which has the effect of appetizing and strengthening the spleen.
The whole grass contains decanal, nonanal, linalool and vitamin C, and the seeds contain volatile oil, sugar and nitrogen-containing compounds. The main components of volatile oil are d- linalool, d- dipentene and flavonoid glycosides.
Related population
The general population can eat it.
1. People suffering from exogenous wind-cold, rectocele and loss of appetite, especially children with measles;
2. But people with bad breath, body odor, severe dental caries, gastric ulcer and sores should eat less parsley; In addition, coriander is warm and not suitable for people who have been exposed to measles or have not been exposed to excessive mild toxicity.
Grams of food stage
It is not advisable to take coriander when taking tonics such as Atractylodes macrocephala and Cortex Moutan, so as not to reduce the curative effect of tonics.
manufacture order
1. Coriander is an important spicy dish, refreshing and appetizing, and can be added to soup.
2. Don't eat rotten and yellow coriander, because this kind of coriander has no fragrance, has no such effect at all, and may also produce toxins.
Cooking use: as a kind of edible spice. Fresh leaves are broken first, which is a seasoning to enhance fragrance and beauty. Commonly used in Chinese food, it can also be used as a seasoning for cold dishes, noodles and soup, as well as to correct the fishy smell. Seed powder is a common condiment in Europe and one of the raw materials of curry powder.
food therapy
Coriander is pungent and warm, and belongs to lung and spleen meridians;
Has the effects of sweating, penetrating rash, promoting digestion, resolving food stagnation, invigorating spleen and regulating middle energizer.
Indications: In the early stage of measles, symptoms such as poor exposure, indigestion, loss of appetite and proctoptosis appear.
Other related
"Compendium of Materia Medica" says that "coriander is pungent, warm and fragrant, which connects the heart and spleen inside and reaches the limbs outside". In real life, it does have the functions of aromatic invigorating stomach, expelling wind and detoxicating, relieving exterior syndrome and treating cold, benefiting large intestine, promoting diuresis and promoting blood circulation.
Every 100g of coriander contains the following nutrients.
Calories (3 1.00 kcal), protein (1.80g), fat (0.40g), carbohydrate (6.20g), dietary fiber (1.20g) and vitamin A (193). Thiamine (0.04 mg), riboflavin (0. 14 mg), nicotinic acid (2.20 mg), vitamin C (48.00 mg), vitamin E (0.80 mg), calcium (1kloc-0/.00 mg) and phosphorus. Iron (2.90 mg), zinc (0.45 mg), selenium (0.53 μ g), copper (0.2 1 mg), manganese (0.28 mg) and potassium (272.00 mg).
[Edit this paragraph] Dietotherapy value
Whole grass of coriander in Umbelliferae. Also known as coriander, fragrant grate and garden grate. It is cultivated all over China. Harvesting in spring, washing for fresh use, or harvesting in Xia Guo, drying and cutting into sections.
[medicinal properties] pungent and flat. Can strengthen the stomach and regulate qi, sweating and rash.
[Reference] Contains protein, vitamin C, potassium, calcium, volatile oil, potassium malate, mannitol, flavonoids, n-decanal, nonanal and linalool.
[Usage] Used for disharmony between spleen and stomach and loss of appetite; Cold, fever, no sweating, bad measles.
【 Precautions 】 This product should not be fried for a long time. Measles is not suitable for people who are not exposed due to cold. People with bad breath, dental caries, body odor and eye diseases should not eat it. People with qi deficiency should not eat more.
[attachment]
1, cold coriander: fresh coriander 120g, cut into pieces, mixed with cooked oil (or cooked pepper), soy sauce, salt and vinegar, and eaten with meals.
This product is fragrant but slightly sour (spicy). Can strengthen the stomach and eat. It is suitable for patients with disharmony between stomach and qi, vomiting and eating less or loss of appetite.
2, coriander perilla chopped green onion soup: coriander 6g, perilla 10g, chopped green onion 5. Add water to decoct soup and drink. Add a little brown sugar to taste.
This prescription is a light medicine with pungent and warm smell. Coriander, perilla and scallion are used to dispel cold and relieve exterior syndrome, and are used for those with mild wind-cold and wind-heat symptoms.