Like light and wet, cold and drought-tolerant. Perennial herb with stout root neck, sessile upper leaves, oval and brown petals, flowering in August-September, and fruiting in10-1. It grows on the hillside forest edge, roadside or semi-shady hillside grassland at an altitude of 250-2000 meters. It has high medicinal value. Indications: dispelling wind and clearing heat, lowering qi and resolving phlegm, exogenous wind-heat and lung-heat with phlegm and blood stasis, cough and asthma with excessive phlegm, yellow and thick phlegm, chest distress and diaphragm.

2. Evodia rutaecarpa

I like a warm, humid and sunny environment. Suitable for growing in areas with warmer winters below 500 meters above sea level. The best soil is sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good drainage. Evodia rutaecarpa can blossom and bear fruit 2 ~ 3 years after colonization. The flowering period is June-July, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October. Four years later, it entered a rich period. After 30 years, the fruit yield is decreasing year by year, and it needs to be cut down and updated. Evodia rutaecarpa is used as medicine, and its fruit is mature, pungent, bitter and hot. Can warm middle warmer, dispel cold, relieve pain, reduce adverse reactions and stop vomiting; Indications: epigastric pain, stomach cold and vomiting.

3. Bletilla striata

Tuber is the main medicine, with thick rhizome, big body and no roots as the best. Chinese medicine believes that Bletilla striata is bitter, sweet and astringent, slightly cold in nature, and enters the lung meridian. Has hemostatic and repercussive effects, and can be used for treating sores, carbuncle, ulcer, and rhagadia of hands and feet. Weinan Materia Medica records "treating pain and hurting lung qi, tonifying lung deficiency, relieving cough, eliminating lung rash and hemoptysis, and astringing lung qi".

4. Radix Isatidis

Isatis indigotica is a plant of Isatis in Cruciferae, and its root is used as medicine, which is one of the commonly used bulk medicinal materials. The normal growth and development of Isatis indigotica can only blossom and bear fruit after a low temperature stage in winter, so it is used for sowing in spring or summer in production, and the planting time is 5-7 months when the leaves are harvested and the roots are dug. If cultivated according to the normal growth period, it will only be used for seed retention.

5, honeysuckle

Strong adaptability, not strict choice of soil and climate, like sunshine and mild and humid environment, wide adaptability, cold tolerance and drought tolerance. Germinate and blossom on the new branches of the year. Both acid and saline-alkali soil can grow. With developed root system and strong rooting ability, it is a good soil-fixing and water-retaining plant, which can be planted on hillsides and river banks. In the shade, it grows badly.

Extended data:

The scientific and technological level of Chinese herbal medicine production is relatively backward, the planting method is relatively primitive, and the lack of production management norms of Chinese herbal medicine is the main problem. Mainly in the following four aspects:

1, the purification and rejuvenation of seeds and seedlings and the delayed breeding of excellent varieties lead to the unstable quality of Chinese herbal medicines.

Due to the short introduction and cultivation history of most medicinal plants, many wild characters are retained, and the cultivated germplasm of Chinese herbal medicines are mixed, showing the diversity of intraspecific variation. The purification and rejuvenation of seeds and seedlings and the untimely selection of fine varieties are the main reasons for the extremely unstable quality of Chinese herbal medicines.

2. The pesticide residues and harmful heavy metals in Chinese herbal medicines exceed the standard.

In the process of planting, Chinese herbal medicines often suffer from many kinds of diseases and pests, which directly affect the output and quality of Chinese herbal medicines and cause huge economic losses. There are many kinds of diseases and insect pests, which have great harm and loss. Due to the lack of common knowledge of pesticides, the problem of pesticide abuse and misuse is prominent. The problem of pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines directly affects human health and hinders Chinese herbal medicines from entering the international market.

Environmental pollution, some Chinese herbal medicine planting areas are seriously polluted by industrial waste liquid and waste gas; The soil in some areas contains harmful elements such as arsenic and lead, and some Chinese herbal medicines have enriched these harmful elements during their growth. These two main reasons lead to the excessive content of heavy metals.

3. Unreasonable development and utilization, and excessive consumption of wild resources.

At present, the protection measures for wild Chinese herbal medicine resources are weak, and they are often exploited by predatory factors, such as cistanche deserticola, Fritillaria cirrhosa, Dendrobium nobile, Dioscorea nipponica Makino and Cordyceps sinensis. Due to environmental deterioration and ecological imbalance, the distribution area of some medicinal plants has decreased, and even endangered.

4. The planting and processing technology of Chinese herbal medicines is not standardized.

Insufficient development and utilization of genuine medicinal materials, lack of strict rules for planting bulk medicinal materials, extensive production management, low output and poor quality are common.

References:

Chinese herbal medicine-Baidu encyclopedia