What are "Han Wei demeanor" and "celebrity demeanor"?
The demeanor of Han and Wei dynasties has always been a model admired by scholars for thousands of years. Wei-Jin demeanor, generally understood as the demeanor of celebrities at that time, actually refers to the unity of personality spirit and lifestyle that appeared in China Wei-Jin era. Including philosophical speculation, personality realm, literary creation, aesthetic pursuit and so on. In terms of time, it refers to the life experience in the Three Kingdoms period from Wei (AD 220-265) to Jin (AD 265-420), and then to Liu and Song Dynasties, with Ruan Ji Ji Ji Kang, one of the seven sages in the Seven Forests, and Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Jin and Song Dynasties as the representative figures. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the society was plunged into an unprecedented war, and the theory that the North and the South were divided and ruled, the fate of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi was impermanent, and the desire for liberation entered the hearts of the people. Yao Yao pointed out in the Collection of Medieval Literary History that lamenting the impermanence of life has been the main theme of literature since the Han and Wei Dynasties. This mood of the times was formed by the rise of the gentry, the main body of culture at that time. At that time, the liberation of life suffering and the pursuit of freedom realm became a major theme of life philosophy since Wei and Jin Dynasties. At that time, around this theme, various life philosophies appeared one after another. There are several representative ones: First, the liberalism represented by Ruan Ji. The second is the health preserving theory represented by Ji Kang. The third is the theory of indulgence represented by Liezi Yang Zhu. In addition, there are Yanhe and Wang Bi's theory of inaction, Xiang Xiu and Guo Xiang's theory of life and so on. Buddhism, which gradually flourished after Wei and Jin Dynasties, explained the problems of life from the perspective of religious paralysis. Wei and Jin Dynasties were a turbulent era and an active one. The social survival situation of the emerging gentry class is extremely sinister, and at the same time, its character, thought and behavior are extremely confident, romantic, casual and informal. Scholars are independent and special, and like elegant collections. It is in this era that the literati created the benchmark of literati calligraphy that influenced later generations and dedicated an exemplary and admirable calligrapher. The "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", namely Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Dan Tao, Liu Ling, Ruan Xian, Xiang Embroidery and Wang Rong, lived in informal life and often gathered in the forest to drink and sing, which was quiet and free and easy. Their "Wei-Jin demeanor" was later appreciated by many intellectuals.