② Aspirin, acetaminophen, phenylbutazone, indoles, tetracycline, erythromycin and prednisone should be avoided, especially in the active period of chronic gastritis.
(3) Lack of gastric acid, avoid diluting gastric juice. It is advisable to add vinegar, lemon juice and acidic condiments to the diet, eat less indigestible and flatulent food, and drink as little as possible after meals.
People with hyperacidity should avoid eating foods that can stimulate gastric acid secretion, such as strong spices, alcohol, sour agents, etc.
⑤ Avoid alcohol and tobacco. After smoking, nicotine can stimulate gastric mucosa to increase gastric acid secretion, which has a harmful stimulating effect on gastric mucosa. Excessive smoking leads to the dysfunction of pyloric sphincter, bile and sweat reflux, damages gastric mucosa, affects the blood supply of gastric mucosa and the repair and regeneration of gastric mucosa cells, and should quit smoking. Alcohol can directly destroy the barrier of gastric mucosa, make H+ in gastric cavity invade gastric mucosa, and cause mucosal congestion, edema and erosion.
⑥ Mental stress is the predisposing factor of chronic gastritis and should be avoided. Anxiety and impatience in emotions can easily lead to gastric mucosal disorder and gastric dysfunction. So try to avoid emotional stress and relieve tension. Usually, it is very beneficial to the recovery of gastritis to keep a good mood without getting angry, anxious and anxious.
7 Avoid irregular life and overwork. Pay attention to proper rest and exercise. Physical exercise can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and emptying, enhance gastrointestinal secretion function, improve digestive function, and contribute to the rehabilitation of gastritis.
8 Suffering from chronic liver disease, diabetes and biliary tract diseases can reduce the local defense function of gastric mucosa and cause gastric dysfunction and gastritis. In addition, swallowing bacterial secretions caused by tonsillitis, sinusitis and dental caries infection can often reduce the barrier function of gastric mucosa and induce gastritis. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the control and treatment of the above diseases for the rehabilitation of chronic gastritis.
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Treatment and maintenance of chronic gastritis
Treatment of peptic ulcer
Treatment 1: Bake egg shells and grind them into fine powder, 6 grams each time, and take them with warm water to treat gastric ulcer.
Treatment 2: Put 5g of black tea into a teacup, add boiling water10min, and add appropriate amount of honey and brown sugar for drinking, 1-2 times a day, which is mainly used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Treatment 3: 250 grams of milk and 30 grams of honey, warm drink, 1-2 times a day, mainly used for gastroduodenal ulcer and postpartum constipation.
Treatment 4: soybean milk 1 bowl, add maltose15g, take it on an empty stomach in the morning after boiling, mainly for gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Treatment 5: 1 banana before meals every day (immature is better), mainly for gastric ulcer.
Fried egg yellow powder.
Take 0.5 kg of eggs, cook them in water, peel off the eggshell protein, take out the yolk, and stir-fry them in an iron pan until they are oily and coffee-like. Don't fry them to make them bitter. Take two tablets on an empty stomach every time, 1 kg of fresh eggs is a course of treatment. This can cure gastroduodenal ulcer.
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Chronic gastritis refers to chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa caused by different reasons. The most common are chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis. Its main clinical manifestations are anorexia, epigastric discomfort and dull pain, belching, pantothenic acid, nausea and vomiting. The course of disease is slow, and it is difficult to recover after repeated attacks.
Health guide:
1. Actively treat the infection focus of oropharynx, and don't swallow sputum, snot and other bacteria-carrying secretions into the stomach to cause chronic gastritis.
2. Keep cheerful: depression or excessive tension and fatigue can easily lead to dysfunction of pyloric sphincter and bile reflux, thus leading to chronic gastritis.
3. Use with caution to avoid using drugs that damage gastric mucosa, such as aspirin, salicylic acid, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, hormone, erythromycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, reserpine, etc. Long-term abuse of such drugs will damage the gastric mucosa, thus causing chronic gastritis and ulcers.
4. Harmful components in tobacco can promote the increase of gastric acid secretion and produce harmful stimulation to gastric mucosa. Excessive smoking can cause bile reflux. Excessive drinking or long-term drinking of strong liquor can make gastric mucosa hyperemia, edema and even erosion, and the incidence of chronic gastritis increases obviously. You should give up smoking and drinking.
5. Irritating foods such as too much acid and spicy food and cold and indigestible foods should be avoided as much as possible. Chew slowly when eating, so that the food is fully mixed with saliva, which is beneficial to digestion and reduces the stimulation to the stomach. Diet should be quantitative on time, nutritious, and contain more vitamins A, B and C, and avoid stimulating drinks such as strong tea and strong coffee.
6. You can practice the internal cultivation method.
Chronic gastritis is generally divided into two types: those whose inflammatory lesions are superficial and confined to the surface of gastric mucosa (no more than two thirds) are called chronic superficial gastritis; However, chronic atrophic gastritis is caused by inflammatory lesions that spread to the whole layer of gastric mucosa, accompanied by gastric gland atrophy. Chronic gastritis is a common and frequently-occurring disease. According to the gastroscopy survey, the incidence of chronic gastritis in China is as high as 60%, and atrophic gastritis accounts for about 20%.
There are many reasons for chronic gastritis, such as long-term heavy drinking and smoking, irregular diet, too cold or too hot food, too thick and hard, strong tea, coffee, spicy food, etc., which are easy to induce or aggravate the disease. Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosa caused by unhealthy diet is not easy to heal. If acute gastritis is not thoroughly treated, it will turn into chronic gastritis. Some drugs, such as aspirin, phenylbutazone, glucocorticoid, etc., can destroy the gastric mucosal barrier and induce or aggravate gastritis.
The most common symptoms of this disease are stomachache and fullness, especially after meals, but they are more comfortable on an empty stomach. Although I don't eat much at a time, I feel full and uncomfortable, often accompanied by belching, acid reflux, heartburn, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, indigestion and so on. Due to eating less and indigestion, malnutrition, emaciation, anemia and weakness may occur. Some patients are accompanied by nervous system symptoms, such as nervousness, irritability, insomnia, palpitation and forgetfulness. These phenomena, in turn, will aggravate the stomach symptoms of chronic gastritis, form a vicious circle, complicate the condition and make it difficult to cure.
The analysis of gastric juice shows that the gastric acid of patients with chronic superficial gastritis is often normal or slightly lower, while that of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis is obviously lower, and may be accompanied by anemia (hemoglobin is lower than normal). Gastroscopy combined with pathological examination of gastric biopsy can diagnose superficial or atrophic gastritis; Gastroscopy can also take a gastric biopsy to do a test to see if there is Helicobacter pylori infection.
Generally speaking, chronic superficial gastritis and simple mild chronic atrophic gastritis have better prognosis. Chronic atrophic gastritis used to be considered as a prelude to gastric cancer (precancerous lesion), but now it seems that this understanding is biased. However, atrophic gastritis has a certain relationship with gastric cancer, and its basis is: 1. Studies have proved that patients with gastric mucosal lesions such as "colonic metaplasia" and "atypical hyperplasia" may develop into gastric cancer, which is an accepted fact. 2. Epidemiological investigation shows that the incidence of atrophic gastritis is higher in the population with high incidence of gastric cancer. 3. Pathological examination showed that atrophic lesions often appeared in the mucosa around gastric cancer. Moderate and severe atrophic gastritis, especially atrophic gastritis with colonic metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia by pathological examination, belongs to precancerous lesions, and it is easy to induce gastric cancer if it is not actively treated and nursed back to health. Therefore, chronic atrophic gastritis needs regular gastroscopy: general chronic atrophic gastritis needs 3-year reexamination 1 time, those with incomplete intestinal metaplasia and mild atypical hyperplasia need 0-year reexamination 1 time, those with moderate atypical hyperplasia need 3-month reexamination 1 time, and those with severe atypical hyperplasia (the canceration rate exceeds 10%) only need active treatment. Even if the disease develops, it can be found in time if we can insist on regular gastroscopy. Preventive resection of gastric lesions or early gastric cancer is still radical, and the effect is still very good. Therefore, as long as active treatment, life aftercare and regular review are achieved, the initiative is in your own hands. In this way, what is terrible about chronic atrophic gastritis? !
Patients with chronic gastritis should pay great attention to diet: regular diet, less meals and soft food; You should chew slowly and avoid overeating; Avoid irritating food, alcohol and tobacco, drink less strong tea and coffee, and eat less spicy, overheated and rough food; Those with low gastric acid and bile reflux should eat more high-protein and low-fat diets such as lean meat, poultry meat, fish and milk. Avoid taking drugs that are irritating to the stomach (such as sodium salicylate, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, aspirin); Relieve mental stress and maintain emotional optimism, thereby improving immune function and enhancing disease resistance; Pay attention to the combination of work and rest and exercise properly.
The treatment of this disease by western medicine is mainly symptomatic treatment. Those with severe gastric acid deficiency can take dilute hydrochloric acid orally to increase the acidity of gastric juice; People with indigestion can take pepsin mixture and multi-enzyme tablets; Gastrin and motilium can be used for patients with fullness, nausea and vomiting; Accompanied by bile reflux, it can destroy the gastric mucosal barrier due to long-term bile reflux, produce chronic superficial gastritis, and then develop into chronic atrophic gastritis. In this case, gastric motility drugs can be used to prevent bile reflux, so as to protect gastric mucosa. Domperidone or cisapride can resist bile reflux, promote emptying and stop vomiting; For patients with obvious stomachache, use point slice and 654-2 to relieve spasm and pain; People infected with Helicobacter pylori should also take Livzon and Stomach Triple for sterilization and radical cure. Sucralfate is a protective agent for gastric adhesion, which can reduce the stimulation of external factors on gastric mucosa and is beneficial to the recovery of gastric mucosal lesions. Can be used for various chronic gastritis. Taking vitamin A for chronic atrophic gastritis can improve human immunity, enhance the activity of detoxification enzymes in human body, inhibit the growth of cancer cells and prevent abnormal cell metabolism.
Traditional Chinese medicine has a good effect on chronic gastritis. Chronic gastritis mostly belongs to epigastric pain and epigastric pain syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine. Seven common types:
A. Spleen and stomach weakness type: vegetarian spleen deficiency, or improper diet and hunger make the spleen and stomach weak, which is manifested as fullness and pain in the stomach cavity, loss of appetite, abdominal distension after eating, and fatigue. Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction strengthens spleen and stomach;
B spleen and stomach deficiency and cold type: spleen deficiency is severe, spleen yang is insufficient, or overeating causes cold, which damages spleen yang and leads to yin cold overflow. It is characterized by dull pain in the upper abdominal cavity, preference for warm pressure, relief of pain after meals, severe abdominal pain and cold limbs. Huangqi Jianzhong Pill (soup) is used to warm and tonify the spleen and stomach and relieve pain urgently;
C. Liver-qi invading the stomach type: emotional disorder, depression and anger hurting the liver, liver-qi invading the stomach, qi stagnation, abnormal elevation, manifested as abdominal distension and pain, frequent belching, belching or relief after exhaust, or accompanied by irritability, chest tightness, heavy breathing, stuffy neck, foreign body sensation in pharynx and other symptoms. Treating with Qizhiweitong Granule can soothe the liver, regulate qi and regulate stomach pain, or take Xiaoyao Pill and Yuanhu Zhitong Tablet.
D type of liver-fire invading the stomach: stagnation of liver-qi, prolonged fire, liver-fire invading the stomach, causing heartburn, pain, bitter taste, upset and dry stool. Zuojin pill is used to clear liver and stomach fire;
E stomach yin deficiency type, liver fire burns stomach yin or eats spicy food, damages gastric juice, and causes dull pain in gastric cavity, hunger, dry mouth and throat, and dry stool. The treatment method is to nourish yin and stomach with Guan Yi decoction and Shaoyao decoction;
F Type of blood stasis in stomach collaterals: stagnation of liver-qi or weakness of spleen-qi, so that blood circulation is blocked for a long time, and blood stasis stops in the stomach, resulting in tingling or cutting pain in the gastric cavity, limited pain, pain refusal, dark tongue or blood stasis spots. Stone dissipation can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis and relieve pain, and has the effect of warming and tonifying stomach qi;
G. Cold-heat mixture: symptoms of stomach heat such as bitter taste, dry mouth, halitosis and heartburn, craving for cold food and dry stool, and symptoms of spleen deficiency such as stomach discomfort, stomachache and abdominal distension caused by eating cold food or cold stomach. I treated it with Banxia Xiexin Decoction, and the effect was very good.
Chronic gastritis refers to chronic inflammatory lesions of gastric mucosa caused by different reasons. This disease is relatively common, with a long course and persistent or recurrent symptoms. According to gastroscopy and pathology, chronic gastritis can be divided into three types: ① Superficial gastritis has congestion and edema on the surface of gastric mucosa, and erosion and bleeding are rare. Stomach glands usually remain normal. ② The gastric mucosa of atrophic gastritis became thinner, and the gastric glands partially or completely disappeared; ③ Hypertrophic gastritis has thickened gastric mucosa, showing thick strips or nodules. Epithelial cells and gastric glands proliferate, but the hypertrophic gastritis diagnosed by gastroscopy is often not confirmed by pathology, so many people have doubts about the existence of this type of gastritis at present. In recent years, it is considered that chronic gastritis can often have superficial and atrophic lesions at the same time, but most of them are atrophic. Chronic gastritis can be divided into antritis and antritis. The mucosal lesions of gastritis in the body of stomach are mostly atrophic and diffuse, which are confined to the body of stomach and usually do not involve the antrum of stomach. The gastric acid secretion function is seriously damaged, the serum gastrin level is increased, and the serum anti-parietal cell antibody is mostly positive, which may cause vitamin B 12 absorption disorder and may cause pernicious anemia. Gastrosinusitis (also known as antritis) mainly involves the mucosa of gastric antrum, which is mostly manifested as atrophic lesions or superficial inflammatory lesions confined to gastric antrum. At the same time, the gastric mucosa can also be accompanied by focal mild atrophic lesions, with mild gastric acid secretion dysfunction, low serum gastrin level and negative serum anti-wall cell antibody, which generally does not cause pernicious anemia.
At present, it is believed that gastritis may be closely related to immunity, while antral gastritis is closely related to external stimuli such as smoking and drinking or bile reflux. In China, the incidence of antritis is significantly higher than that of gastritis.
symptom
The clinical manifestations of chronic gastritis are anorexia, epigastric discomfort or dull pain, belching, acid regurgitation, nausea and vomiting. This is persistent or recurrent. Gastritis and antritis may have different clinical features. The former has fewer digestive tract symptoms, but it is prone to obvious or recessive pernicious anemia and iron deficiency anemia. The latter has more digestive tract symptoms, and some patients' symptoms can be similar to peptic ulcer, showing periodic and rhythmic epigastric pain, recurrent black stool or vomiting coffee-like liquid, but can stop bleeding automatically. At present, it is believed that some chronic atrophic gastritis can develop into gastric cancer, and gastritis in antrum of stomach is far more common than antritis, so these patients should be followed up regularly.
Gastroscopy combined with biopsy under direct vision is the main method to diagnose chronic gastritis.
treat cordially
Treatment of chronic gastritis;
1. Eliminate etiology and pathogenic factors, such as quitting smoking, drinking tea, and avoiding food and drugs that irritate gastric mucosa; If obvious bile reflux is found by gastroscopy, metoclopramide and cholestyramine can be taken for treatment.
2. Drug treatment ① People with gastric acid deficiency or low gastric acid can take a mixture of 1% dilute hydrochloric acid and pepsin. ② People with high gastric acid can take aluminum hydroxide gel, metoclopramide and cimetidine. ③ Atropine, propofol and belladonna preparations can be taken when pain occurs. ④ Antibacterials: Low or lack of gastric acid can often cause bacteria to multiply in the stomach, which is related to the development of this disease. Antibacterials that are not easily absorbed can be taken orally for a short time, such as furazolidone, gentamicin and streptomycin. ⑤ Chinese patent medicines: Xiangsha Yangwei, Chen Luxiang, mushroom slices, etc. It can effectively improve symptoms such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, belching, nausea and vomiting. ③ Patients with iron deficiency anemia can be supplemented with iron; People with pernicious anemia can be injected with vitamin B 12.
3. Surgical treatment: Even if gastroscopy shows inflammation, erosion or ulcer and pathological examination shows suspicious canceration, surgical treatment should be considered. Pathological examination shows that the gastric mucosa is slightly metaplasia or intestinal gland metaplasia, so don't rush to surgery.
The causes of chronic gastritis are varied and complicated. However, it is worth noting that drinking a lot of beer will cause chronic gastritis and aggravate or promote the recurrence of the disease.
According to research, the gastric mucosa mainly synthesizes a substance called prostaglandin E, which can inhibit gastric acid secretion and protect the gastric mucosa. However, the lack of prostaglandin E will cause gastric mucosal damage. Drinking a certain amount of beer can inhibit or reduce the synthesis of prostaglandin E in gastric mucosa. In addition, after drinking a lot of beer, patients with chronic gastritis generally feel fullness in the upper abdomen, aggravated burning sensation, frequent belching and loss of appetite; The symptoms of atrophic gastritis patients after drinking are particularly significant. Gastroscope showed that gastric mucosal congestion was aggravated. Therefore, patients with chronic gastritis should not drink a lot of beer, and it is best not to use it.
No smoking, no drinking.
Life should be orderly, don't stay up late, reduce unnecessary worries and keep a happy mood. Don't eat 2-3 hours before going to bed.
Avoid wearing tight clothes.
Overweight people should lose weight.
1. Pay attention to add clothes and quilts in time, keep indoor warmth and air circulation in the season of climate change, and prevent the illness from being aggravated by cold.
2. Eat on time, chew slowly, and it is best to have three meals a day regularly. When gastritis occurs, you can eat less and more meals, and try not to eat snacks at ordinary times to reduce the load on your stomach and facilitate food digestion. Pay attention to the temperature of the diet, avoid eating too hot, too cold or hot and cold food and irritating food, avoid eating indigestible food, such as hard, rough, greasy and fiber-rich food, and give up smoking and alcohol.
3. Use with caution to avoid using drugs that damage gastric mucosa, such as aspirin, salicylic acid, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, hormone, iodoamine, erythromycin, tetracycline, reserpine, etc.
Patients with this disease should always keep a good mood, arrange their lives reasonably, maintain a normal life schedule and avoid overwork. Especially in patients with qi stagnation, emotional factors should be avoided to aggravate the condition.
The daily diet of patients with gastritis:
(1) food selection
Avoid irritating food:
Coffee, wine, gravy, pepper, mustard, pepper, etc. It will stimulate the secretion of gastric juice or damage the gastric mucosa and should be avoided.
Everyone's reaction to food is specific, so the amount of food should be adjusted according to individual differences, and there is no need to completely fast.
Avoid acidic foods:
Fruits with high acidity, such as pineapple, Liu Ding and orange. If eaten after meals, it will not cause too much irritation to patients with ulcers, so there is no need to ban it.
Stay away from food that produces gas:
Some foods are easy to produce gas, which makes patients feel full and should be avoided. However, whether food will produce gas and cause discomfort varies from person to person, and whether it should be ingested can be decided according to personal experience.
In addition, too hard foods such as fried rice and barbecue, glutinous rice products such as rice cakes and zongzi, and various desserts, cakes, fried foods and frozen foods often cause discomfort to patients, so pay attention to your choice.
(2) Precautions for eating
Eat regularly and quantitatively, chew slowly, relax, and take a break after dinner before you start working.
Eat a small amount-avoid bloating or hyperacidity, which may stay in the esophagus and stimulate the esophageal mucosa.
In addition to three meals, add snacks in the morning, afternoon and before going to bed.
Eat light food-eat six kinds of food every meal to get balanced nutrition. Don't just eat foods with high starch content. Don't lie down and rest after dinner.
(3) Life:
No smoking, no drinking.
Life should be orderly, don't stay up late, reduce unnecessary worries and keep a happy mood. Don't eat 2-3 hours before going to bed.
Avoid wearing tight clothes.
Overweight people should lose weight.
Used for chronic gastritis.
① Avoid foods that are too hard, too spicy, too salty, too hot, too rough and irritating. The diet should be regular, eat less and eat more, chew slowly, and let the food and saliva be fully mixed to avoid overeating. Choose nutritious and digestible soft foods, and eat more foods containing plant protein and vitamins.
② Aspirin, acetaminophen, phenylbutazone, indoles, tetracycline, erythromycin and prednisone should be avoided, especially in the active period of chronic gastritis.
(3) Lack of gastric acid, avoid diluting gastric juice. It is advisable to add vinegar, lemon juice and acidic condiments to the diet, eat less indigestible and flatulent food, and drink as little as possible after meals.
People with hyperacidity should avoid eating foods that can stimulate gastric acid secretion, such as strong spices, alcohol, sour agents, etc.
⑤ Avoid alcohol and tobacco. After smoking, nicotine can stimulate gastric mucosa to increase gastric acid secretion, which has a harmful stimulating effect on gastric mucosa. Excessive smoking leads to the dysfunction of pyloric sphincter, bile and sweat reflux, damages gastric mucosa, affects the blood supply of gastric mucosa and the repair and regeneration of gastric mucosa cells, and should quit smoking. Alcohol can directly destroy the barrier of gastric mucosa, make H+ in gastric cavity invade gastric mucosa, and cause mucosal congestion, edema and erosion.
⑥ Mental stress is the predisposing factor of chronic gastritis and should be avoided. Anxiety and impatience in emotions can easily lead to gastric mucosal disorder and gastric dysfunction. So try to avoid emotional stress and relieve tension. Usually, it is very beneficial to the recovery of gastritis to keep a good mood without getting angry, anxious and anxious.
7 Avoid irregular life and overwork. Pay attention to proper rest and exercise. Physical exercise can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and emptying, enhance gastrointestinal secretion function, improve digestive function, and contribute to the rehabilitation of gastritis.
8 Suffering from chronic liver disease, diabetes and biliary tract diseases can reduce the local defense function of gastric mucosa and cause gastric dysfunction and gastritis. In addition, swallowing bacterial secretions caused by tonsillitis, sinusitis and dental caries infection can often reduce the barrier function of gastric mucosa and induce gastritis. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the control and treatment of the above diseases for the rehabilitation of chronic gastritis.
References:
/Health/Disease Nature/