Compendium of materia medica, pharmaceutical works, 52 volumes. * * *1.90,000 words, including 1892 drugs, collecting 1 1096 prescriptions, drawing 1 160 beautiful illustrations, divided into 16 parts. It is an ancient Chinese medicine in China. On the basis of inheriting and summarizing the achievements of predecessors' materia medica, Li Shizhen combined with a great deal of pharmaceutical knowledge accumulated by the author through long-term study and interview, and through practice and study, it took decades to compile a masterpiece. This book not only corrects some mistakes in the past materia medica, but also synthesizes a lot of scientific data, puts forward a more scientific classification method of drugs, incorporates advanced biological evolution ideas, and embodies rich clinical practice. This book is also a natural history book with world influence.

Compendium of Materia Medica was compiled by Li Shizhen (15 18- 1593), a great physician in Ming Dynasty, to correct the mistakes in ancient medical books. He spent his whole life, personally experienced practice, extensively collected and studied, and made a comprehensive summary of materia medica, which lasted for 29 years and more than 30 years.

* * * There are 52 volumes, including 1892 kinds of drugs, including 374 kinds of new drugs and10/096 prescriptions. The book also drew 1 160 beautiful illustrations, about 1.9 million words, divided into 65438+. This classification has been transferred to a naturally evolved system. The scientific classification of plants is 200 years earlier than that of Swedish taxonomist Linnaeus. Each drug is divided into the following items: description of name (determination of name), centralized description (description of origin), correction and treatment of previous literature errors (processing method), odor, indication, invention (the first three items refer to drug function analysis) and attached prescription (prescription set circulated by the people).

Plant medicine 88 1 species, appendix 6 1 species, * * 942 species, named unused plants 153 species, accounting for 58% of all drugs. In Li Shizhen, plants are divided into five categories: grass, valley, vegetable, fruit and headquarters, and grass is divided into nine categories: mountain grass, vanilla, wet grass, poisonous grass, creeping weed, aquatic weed, stony grass, Carex and weed, which is a precious heritage in China's medical treasure house. It is a systematic summary of traditional Chinese medicine before16th century, and has also made outstanding achievements in exegetics, language, history, geography, plants, animals, minerals and metallurgy. This book spread to the end of 17, was translated into many languages, and made outstanding contributions to the world natural science. Its relevant information was quoted by Darwin. Using it is a summary of China's pharmacology for thousands of years. This Pharmacopoeia, no matter from its strict scientific classification, or from the number of drugs it contains and the fluent and vivid writing, far exceeds any ancient herbal works. Known as the "Oriental Pharmacopoeia", it has the greatest influence on modern human science and medicine, and is a precious heritage in China's medical treasure house.

Its achievements, first of all, changed the original classification of drugs in the upper, middle and lower categories, and adopted the scientific classification of "analysis of ethnic groups, analysis of categories, vibration categories and sub-orders". It divides drugs into mineral drugs, plant drugs and animal drugs. Mineral medicine is also divided into four parts: gold part, jade part, stone part and halogen part. According to the performance, morphology and growth environment of plants, plant medicines are divided into five parts: grass part, valley part, vegetable part, fruit part and wood part. Grass is divided into mountain grass, vanilla, wake grass, poisonous grass, water grass, creeping weed, stone grass and other small categories. A class of animals, according to the order of evolution from low to high, is divided into six parts: insects, mesons, vectors, birds, animals and people. And service departments. This classification has been transferred to a naturally evolved system. From inorganic to organic, from simple to complex, from low to high, this classification obviously contains the idea of biological evolution and is highly valued by Darwin. In his book Variation of Animals and Plants at Home, Darwin quoted the data about domestication of seven kinds of chickens and goldfish in Compendium of Materia Medica. In particular, the scientific classification of plants is 200 years earlier than the Swedish taxonomist Linnaeus.

Compendium of Materia Medica covers many scientific fields such as medicine, pharmacology, biology, mineralogy, chemistry, environment and biology, heredity and variation. In the history of chemistry, it recorded a series of chemical reactions of pure metals, metals, metal chlorides and sulfides earlier. At the same time, some operation methods used in modern chemistry, such as distillation, crystallization, sublimation, precipitation and drying, are also recorded. Li Shizhen also pointed out that the moon, like the earth, is a celestial body with mountains and rivers. "It is said that the moon is a ghost and dancing is the shadow of mountains and rivers." . Compendium of Materia Medica is not only a masterpiece of pharmacology by China, but also an encyclopedia of ancient China. As Li Jianyuan pointed out in Compendium of Materia Medica: "If there is any connection from the grave to the legend, it will not be accepted. Although you ordered a medical book, it should be in kind. "