From 65438 to 0958, People's Republic of China (PRC) launched the rectification movement of democratic parties and the "double opposition" movement in colleges and universities. 1958 1, Ma Yinchu's book My Economic Theory, Philosophical Thought and Political Stand was published. Later, the planned economy published articles to discuss Ma Yinchu's economic theory, and economic research and teaching and research also initiated activities of publishing articles for discussion. On April 1958 and 19, Guangming Daily, co-sponsored by the democratic party * * *, published Han's "Running around is not materialistic dialectics" in the third issue of the newly-opened "Reading" column in the form of "Selected Posters of Peking University". On May 9, Guangming Daily published Ma Yinchu's article "Talking about" Circle and Circle "in my Theory of Balance. Since then, Guangming Daily has published many articles criticizing Ma Yinchu. On June 1 day, Guangming Daily published "Is it proletarian thought?" Or bourgeois ideology? The academic debate on Ma Yinchu's works "has raised the tone of criticism. On June 6th, People's Daily published Quan Zhong's Population and Employment in China and named Ma Yinchu. Guangming Daily once accelerated the publication of articles criticizing Ma Yinchu. 165438+1October 29th, Guangming Daily published three critical articles entitled "Peking University Economics Department Criticizes Ma Yinchu Economic Thought Group" on the topic of "Criticizing Bourgeois Academic Thought Thoroughly". Since then, Guangming Daily has suspended its criticism of Ma Yinchu. As of June 1958 1 1, Guangming Daily published 37 articles criticizing Ma Yinchu, and other China newspapers (2 newspapers, 10 periodicals or academic journals) published 30 articles criticizing Ma Yinchu, totaling 67 articles. These criticisms accuse Ma Yinchu's new population theory of being originated from Malthusian population theory, and attempt to doubt it.
From 65438 to 0959, Ma Yinchu still participated in various state affairs normally. On March 12, he continued to be elected as a deputy to the Second National People's Congress. On April 12, he was elected as a member of the third CPPCC. On April 27th, he was elected as the second member of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC). On May 2nd, Ma Yinchu attended the Third National Congress of China-Soviet Friendship Association as the vice president and was elected as the new director. On May 3rd, Ma Yinchu attended the 40th anniversary of the May 4th Movement in the capital and took a seat in front of the rostrum. On September 15, 2005, Ma Yinchu attended the meeting of leaders of democratic parties at the invitation of president Mao Zedong. On September 28th, Ma Yinchu, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and other party and state leaders were seated on the rostrum at the celebration of the 10 anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC).
Before the end of 1959, only Xinjian, Economic Research and Journal of Xiamen University published 1 article criticizing Ma Yinchu.
Ma Yinchu and New Population Theory and Seminar (17)
1 In March, 959, Ma Yinchu asked the Journal of Peking University to reprint "Re-discussion on Balance and Wandering" published in Guangming Daily within four days. The article "My Philosophical Thought and Economic Theory" written by Ma Yinchu was published in New Construction 10 Monthly 1959 165438 and the fifth issue of Journal of Peking University. Since then, Guangming Daily 1960 65438+ 10, Xinjian1959 65438+February and other newspapers have successively published critical articles. 1959 12 19, Xinjian magazine wrote to the Party Committee of Peking University (Lu Ping was the first secretary of the Party Committee), claiming that Ma Yinchu had published an article "Reiterating My Requirements" in Xinjian 1960 65438. On February 24th, 65438, Peking University "Population Research Association held an academic lecture" and "criticized Ma Yinchu's" population theory ". From then on to 1960 1, Peking University's Mao Zedong Economic Thought Research Association, Peking University's Mao Zedong Philosophical Thought Research Association and Peking University's Population Research Association set off a climax of criticizing Ma Yinchu. 1960 65438+ 10/01The above three societies jointly held the Seminar on Ma Yinchu's Economic Theory, Philosophy and Political Position. At the meeting, in addition to some teachers' speeches, Han Pingqing, secretary of the school office, exposed Ma Yinchu's huge stock holdings, and revealed that Ma Yinchu opposed land reform and sympathized with right-wingers Luo Longji, Zhang Boju and Zhang Naiqi. The exposure of Han Pingqing aroused the public indignation of the participants, and Ma Yinchu was besieged by the participants.
Under certain historical conditions, the new population theory has been unjustly condemned. When he faced aggressive criticism and siege, he publicly declared: "Although I am nearly eighty years old, I know that I am outnumbered, so I will fight alone to the death." He also said: "Because my theory is so sure, I can't help but stick to it, and I can't help but maintain academic dignity, so I have to refuse to review it." "I am not afraid of frying, even if I sacrifice my life!" At that time, it showed the extraordinary courage and noble character of a socialist scientist in maintaining academic dignity and dedicating himself to the truth.
Because of criticizing Ma Yinchu's population theory, the population of China keeps increasing. Later, it was called "wrong batch of one person, wrong batch of 300 million".
1960 65438+1October 12, Ma Yinchu's blood pressure rose to 190, and he was hospitalized. 1960 65438+1October 13, the journal of Peking University reported the meeting in which the above three societies jointly criticized Ma Yinchu, and the critical speeches made by Chen Daisun and others at the meeting. From then on, Peking University never heard from Ma Yinchu again.
1960, Ma Yinchu's "Reiterating My Requirements" was published in the issue of New Construction 1960 1, in which it was written that "the opinions expressed by more than 200 teachers in the past were mostly similar, and I learned too little new things". 1960 1, Ma Yinchu resigned as president of Peking University. On March 28th, the State Council decided to remove Ma Yinchu from the post of President Peking University.
Since then, Ma Yinchu's political and living conditions have not changed, and he still serves as the second the NPC Standing Committee. 1962 1 month, Ma Yinchu went to shengxian county, Zhejiang province, "suffering from pneumonia, from which his physical strength was greatly reduced and his legs were inconvenient to move". 1963, relieved of his post as the second member of the NPC Standing Committee. After that, he stayed in his apartment for a long time and wrote a magnum opus to explore the laws of China's agricultural economy-Agricultural Books. By 1965, the first draft was completed, about100000 words, and it was burned during the Cultural Revolution. 1965, Ma Yinchu was paralyzed in one leg.
1982 10 in may, Ma Yinchu completed a whole century's life course, and sailed the crane west to the mountain. He died at the age of 10 1 year, which is in line with an old saying of China that life grows on the benevolent.