As early as the Book of Songs, there was a record of the difference between jujube and spine (Zizyphus jujuba). Jujube is listed as the first fruit tree in ancient agricultural books such as Qi Yaomin's Book by Jia Sixie in the late Wei Dynasty and Nong Zheng Quan Shu by Xu Guangqi in the Ming Dynasty. In the Warring States Policy, when Tai Su lobbied the six countries, he said that Yan State "has the benefits of jujube chestnuts, although the people can't cultivate them, jujube chestnuts are enough for the people." It can be seen that the ancient people in China have listed jujube planting in an important position. Jujube is one of the cultural relics unearthed from the Western Han Tomb in Mawangdui. There are 1 1 jujube varieties recorded in the ancient book Erya. Today, there are more than 400 excellent varieties in the north and south.
Jujube in China can be divided into two categories: southern jujube and northern jujube. Jujube is mainly planted sporadically in hilly areas of the Yangtze River basin. Beizao is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and is well-known at home and abroad for its large planting area, high yield, many varieties and good quality. There are many varieties of jujube, among which the most famous ones are Langjiayuan jujube in Beijing, Banzao in Shanxi, Jinsixiaozao in Shandong and Hebei, Lingbao jujube in Henan and Dali jujube in Shaanxi. , are known as the "king of dates". These red dates are thin, delicious and sweet. They were praised by international friends at the Paris World Expo. "Tiger Eye" jujube in Beijing, Dali jujube in Shaanxi, Dunhuang jujube in Gansu and Hu Ping jujube in Taigu, Shanxi are all top-grade dates.
The ancient Chinese regarded jujube as a treasure for ancestor worship and a gift for women to meet for the first time. The gorgeous appearance and delicious taste of red dates have always been praised by poets. Du Fu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, recalled that he was greedy for red dates when he was a child: "Jujubes and pears are yellow in August before the court, and trees can return a thousand times a day." In the eyes of our people, red dates symbolize happiness, perfection and auspiciousness. Red dates are indispensable for all kinds of festivals.
Jujube can be eaten raw or cooked, or processed into dried jujube, jujube paste, candied jujube, jujube paste, drunken jujube, smoked jujube, burnt jujube, jujube, candied jujube, canned jujube, jujube tea, jujube wine, jujube vinegar, jujube juice beverage, etc. It can also be used for cooking and stewing chicken, duck and pig's trotters. , are delicious and nourishing. In daily life, traditional foods made of jujube are dazzling and have their own flavors, such as jujube zongzi, jujube rice cake, jujube flower cake, jujube roll cake, jujube pot cake, jujube hair cake, fried cake, longevity cake and jujube paste stuffing, which are used to make various cakes. "Chinese honey wine" and "Ejiao candied dates" made of red dates are exported overseas and well received.
Jujube is very nutritious. Fresh dates contain 20%-36% sugar, and dried dates contain 55%-80% sugar. It contains a lot of calories and can be used as a substitute for grain. Historically, it is often used for disaster relief. The content of vitamin C is among the best in fruits, with a content of 0. L- per 100g 0.6g, which is about 100 times higher than that of apples and peaches. The content of vitamin P is also the highest among all fruits. People praised jujube as a "natural vitamin pill". Every100g of fresh jujube contains protein1.2g, which is almost the highest among fresh fruits. The heat output of dried jujube is extremely high, and the heat output per hundred grams of jujube is about 1200- 1300 kilojoules, which is close to raisins, and the contents of protein, calcium, phosphorus, riboflavin and nicotinic acid are higher than raisins. Therefore, people have always regarded red dates as an excellent tonic.
"Three eclipses won't make you old at 100." Jujube is not only a delicious fruit, but also a nourishing medicine, which has the effects of strengthening muscles and bones, enriching blood and promoting qi circulation, nourishing the body and caring skin. Jujube can be used as medicine, which was described as early as in Materia Medica. It is said that red dates can "invigorate qi and benefit the middle energizer, nourish the spleen and soil, moisten the heart and lungs, regulate nutrition, slow down yin and blood, promote fluid production, delight the eyes, dredge nine orifices, help the twelve meridians and treat various drugs." Li Shizhen, a great medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, wrote in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Jujube is sweet in taste and flat in nature. Taking it for a long time can tonify the temper, calm the stomach, clear the nine orifices, help the twelve meridians, replenish less vitality and prolong life." Modern medical research shows that jujube is effective for allergic purpura, anemia, hypertension, acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and gastrointestinal tumors.
Therefore, health scientists vigorously carry forward the medical heritage of the motherland and promote jujube tea, which is a cheap and good formula food that everyone can supplement. Take it regularly to strengthen liver function and replenish blood. If you mix it with something else, the effect will be better. Cooking porridge with red dates and rice can treat stomach distension caused by spleen-stomach imbalance and dampness and cold. Use 20 grams of red dates, 20 dried longan, a little honey, put two glasses of water in the pot and cook with slow fire. People sleep soundly like tea. Enhance vitality and maintain vigorous energy. People have long said that "five grains with red dates are better than ganoderma lucidum". May people eat more red dates in autumn and winter, which is beneficial to people's health, fitness and longevity.