(2) Urine from brown to dark brown is mostly caused by liver disease, acute nephritis, high fever or extreme hunger. The urine of patients with liver disease can also be yellow-green.
(3) Urine is red because it is mixed with blood components, also called hemoglobinuria, which is more common in inflammation, stones and tumors of bladder, ureter and kidney.
④ Urine is red grape color, also called porphyrin urine, which is more common in congenital metabolic disorder, heavy metal poisoning, pellagra, anemia or biliary tract diseases.
⑤ Urine is dark brown or dark brown, which is called black urine or hemoglobinuria. It is more common in all kinds of melanoma, Addison's illness, drug poisoning or hereditary melanuria.
Diseases with frequent urination include cystitis, prostatitis, nephritis and pyelonephritis. Pregnancy, hysteromyoma, ovarian cyst compression and stimulation of the bladder can also cause frequent urination.
⑦ People with persistent polyuria are common in diabetes and diabetes insipidus. Because the elderly kidney atrophy, its concentration function is poor, most nocturia will increase.
Oliguria or anuria is common in severe blood loss or dehydration, uremia, urinary calculi or urinary system tumors.
Pet-name ruby urine pain is more common in urinary system infection, causing congestion and swelling of urethral mucosa and pain when urinating.