There are two common ways to fix carbon: photosynthesis, such as various green plants and photosynthetic autotrophic microorganisms (such as cyanobacteria); Chemical energy synthesis, such as nitrifying bacteria using ammonia oxide to synthesize organic matter.

Biological carbon fixation improves the carbon absorption and storage capacity of the ecosystem and reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Carbon sequestration refers to measures to increase the carbon content of carbon pools except the atmosphere. Include physical carbon fixation and biological carbon fixation. Physical carbon sequestration is the long-term storage of carbon dioxide in exploited oil and gas wells, coal seams and deep seas. Biological carbon fixation is to convert inorganic carbon, that is, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, into organic carbon, that is, carbohydrates, which are fixed in plants or soil.

Capture, collect and seal the carbon emissions generated by human activities in a safe carbon warehouse. People can slow down the growth of atmospheric CO2 concentration through CO2 emission reduction and carbon sequestration, as well as improving the efficiency of energy production and use, and increasing the production and utilization of low-carbon or non-carbon fuels. We classify carbon sink methods into two parts: artificial carbon sink and natural vegetation carbon sink. According to various carbon fixation methods and strategies, the specific means and measures to increase carbon fixation are put forward.