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Ancient chronograph in classical Chinese
1. It is found that the time word in ancient Chinese is not called "Xuan".

"Earl" means suddenly.

"For a while" and "pour it" are for a while.

Have a meal.

"Four Books", "Sudden" and "Instant"

Everything shows that this moment is short;

"a little later", "a little later" and "overtime"

It's also a short time.

It's dawn, called "quality"

Morning is generally called "Dan".

The "invasion in the morning" means that it will be dawn soon.

It's already midnight.

Tomorrow is the second day of "Dan Day".

"Part-time ten days" is twenty days.

The "new moon" is the fifteenth day of the first month.

"Dark" is the day at the end of the month.

The number 16 every month is called "Hope".

This period of time is called "living in a room"

"Fang" means that at some point,

The word "day" is used to represent every day.

"semester month" means a whole month,

"Date year" refers to the first anniversary.

The coming year is the second year.

Every year means "tired year".

A year will be called the end of the year.

Also known as "Suiyan" or "Suilan".

2. Need ancient classical Chinese sentences 1. If it is as incisive as a discussion, it will be polished like a mill.

(The Book of Songs Feng Wei Sapporo) 2. The speaker is innocent and the speaker is warned. (preface to the book of songs) 3. By other's faults, wise men correct their own.

(The Book of Songs Xiaoya heming) 4. Throw me a peach and give me a plum. ("The Book of Songs") 5. Decadence has no beginning, and fresh talents have an end.

("The Book of Songs, Elegance and Swing") 6. Qu Yuan (Li Sao) 7. It's a long way, but this is Xiu Yuan, so I will go up and down.

Qu Yuan (Li Sao) 8. If you can't change your mind and do as the Romans do, the group will eventually fall into poverty. (Qu Yuan's "Involved in the River") 9. Feet are short and inches long.

("Songs of the Chu") 10. I'm kind, too. Although he died nine times, he still has no regrets. (Chu Ci (Li Sao) 1 1. Its music is high and low.

(Song Yu (Questioning the King of Chu) 12. Full loss, little gain. (Shangshu) 13.

(Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Ten Years) 14. It is human nature to make mistakes. It's hard to change after that. (Zuo Zhuan) 15. Auxiliary cars live together, and their lips are dead and their teeth are cold.

(Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Five Years) 16. Beowulf was arrested in the original, and the woman was temporarily exempted from all countries. (Thirty-two to thirty-three years of Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong) 17. The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future

(Warring States Policy Zhao Ce) 18. It's never too late. (The Warring States Policy Chu Ce) 19. Know yourself and yourself.

(The Art of War by Sun Tzu) 20. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. (Lao Zi, Chapter 64)) 2 1. Misfortune depends on happiness, and happiness lies in misfortune.

("Laozi Chapter 58") 22. Mills of God grind slowly but sure. ("Lao Zi" Chapter 73) 23. He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself is wise.

("Lao Zi") 24. People are divided into groups (Book of Changes) 25. Sharp tools make good work.

(The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong) 26. The past cannot be remonstrated, and those who come can still be chased. (The Analects of Confucius) 27. Do as you would be done by.

(The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan) 28. The three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition. (The Analects of Confucius Zi Han) 29. Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous.

("The Analects of Confucius for Politics") 30. Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching. (The Analects of Confucius) 3 1. An upright person is open-minded and poised, and small people often have the same fate.

(The Analects of Confucius) 32. (The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong) 33. Keep your promise and do what you want.

(The Analects of Confucius Lutz) 34. Make friends and keep your word. ("The Analects of Confucius Learn") 35. If the shoe fits, wear it.

(The Analects of Confucius) 36. It is tolerable, and it is intolerable. ("The Analects of Confucius Eight-legged essay") 37. Sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions.

(The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang) 38. My life is limited, but so is my knowledge. ("Zhuangzi Health Master") 39. It takes three generations to make a gentleman.

("The Pipe Show") 4O. Oranges are born in Huainan and oranges are born in the north. (Yan Zi Chun Qiu) 4 1. Pursuing the best will help the world, and poverty will not be affected by it.

("Mencius with all his heart") 42. When the old man is old, people are old; Young people, young people, young people. ("Mencius Hui Liang Wang Xia") 43. Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people.

("Mencius Gong Sunchou") 44. The people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light. ("Mencius") 45. Those who gain the Tao help more, while those who lose the Tao help less.

("Mencius gongsun ugly") 46. Born in the best, died in happiness. ("Mencius") 47. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent.

(Mencius on Teng Wengong) 48. It is better to believe in books than not to have them. ("Mencius with all his heart") 49. Life is what I want; Righteousness is also what I want; You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness.

("The Fish I Want") 50. Perseverance, rotten wood cannot be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. (Dog Persuades to Learn) 5l. Ma Zhong, Peng Sheng, is not helpful; White sand is lifting, and it is black.

("Xunzi Persuasion") 52. The levee of a thousand miles collapsed in the ant nest. (Everything is done wrong, Yu Lao) 53. Running water does not rot, and the family is not awkward and unmoved.

(Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals) 54. Studying alone without friends is ignorance. (Miscellaneous Notes on the Book of Rites) 55. A relaxed, civil and military way.

(Miscellaneous Notes on the Book of Rites) 56. Jade is not cut, not a tool; People don't learn or know. (The Book of Rites) 57. Everything is established in advance, and it is abolished if it is not foreseen.

(The Doctrine of the Mean) 58. It is better to withdraw the net than to weave it. (biography of Han Shu Dong Zhongshu) 59. An old frontiersman loses his horse—a blessing in disguise.

(Huainanzi Human Training) 60. Old sin makes new shame. (Historical Records Biography of Taishigong) 6 1. Tao Li said nothing.

(Biography of General Li in Historical Records) 62. Wise men think long and lose something; A fool may give advice to a wise man. (Biography of Historical Records and Huaiyin Hou) 63. Good medicine tastes bitter and is good for illness, but advice when most unpleasant is good for action.

(Historical Records) 64. Xiang Zhuang's sword dance is intended to be Pei Gong. ("Historical Records of Xiang Yu") 65. The big bank ignored the details and gave a big gift without hesitation.

("Historical Records of Xiang Yu") 66. Man is a knife and I am a fish. ("Historical Records of Xiang Yu") 67. If you don't say it, it will be a blockbuster.

("Historical Records and Funny Biography") 68. Wang Wen was arrested and played "Zhouyi"; Zhong You wrote Spring and Autumn Annals; Qu Yuan's exile is Fu (Li Sao); Zuo Qiu is blind and has "Mandarin"; The foot of Sun Tzu's Art of War has been revised; It's not Shu, but Lu Lan. Han Qin, Nan and Lonely Anger; There are 300 poems, which are generally attributed to the angry actions of sages. (Sima Qian's Bao Ren An Shu) 69. A rope saws wood, but a drop of water wears through.

(Ben Guhan) 70. There is no fish in clear water, and there are no disciples when people get home. (Biography of Han Dong Fang Shuo, written by Ban Gu).

3. What timing tools were used in the ancient timing method? The ancient time (Da Shi) is not calculated by 1234 years, but marked by ugly yin and ugly hair, and replaced by animals such as rats, cows, tigers and rabbits, which is easier to remember. The specific division of labor is as follows:

It's from eleven o'clock to one o'clock at noon, and twelve o'clock is the punctuality;

Ugly (cattle) from one to three, with two points as the punctuality;

Yin (tiger) is from three o'clock to five o'clock, with four o'clock as the punctuality;

Mao (rabbit) is from five to seven, with six o'clock as the punctuality;

Chen (Dragon) is from 7: 00 to 9: 00, with 8: 00 as the punctuality;

It's 9 o'clock to 1 1, and 10 is the punctuality;

At noon (horse), it is eleven o'clock to one o'clock, with twelve o'clock as the punctuality;

When you are not (sheep), it is 1 until 3 o'clock, with 2 o'clock as the punctuality;

When applying for (monkey), it is from three o'clock to five o'clock, with four o'clock as the punctuality;

You (chicken) are from five to seven, with six o'clock as the punctuality;

From 7: 00 to 9: 00, 8: 00 is the punctuality;

Shanghai is now 9: 00 to 1 1 point (pig), and 10 is the punctuality.

In ancient China, people invented many time-keeping methods or tools.

Guiyu is a simple and important astronomical instrument, which consists of a vertical watch (usually eight feet high) and a horizontal Guiyu. It uses direct facts to measure the length of the sun shadow. The main function is to determine the location of the winter solstice, and then determine the length of the tropical year. In addition, we can also determine the direction and solar terms by observing the changes of surface shadows.

The sundial (pronounced gu), also known as "sundial", is another kind of timing instrument in ancient China. It usually consists of a copper pointer and a stone disk. The pointer made of copper is called "needle" and the disk made of stone is called "face". When in use, you can distinguish different times by observing the shadow position cast on the disk surface. The sundial can be timed accurately to the minute (15 minutes).

The dripping of copper pot is also called "leaky carving" or "leaky pot". That is, the water level of the copper pot is changed by the running water at the bottom of the pot or a water holding tool with a small hole near the bottom of the pot to calculate the time. The copper pot drip invented by China is much earlier than the drip timer made in foreign countries, and it is also widely used, which has become an important tool for timing in past dynasties.

In addition to the above-mentioned timing methods, people in ancient China also used "hourglass timing", "fire timing" and "candle timing" to time.

4. What are the words that indicate time in classical Chinese? 1. indicates that the action has happened or has happened, such as smell, which means "once".

(1) Try to build a nuclear boat and cover the Dasu Chibi Cloud. (Wei Xueyi's Nuclear Ship) Confucius said, "tyranny is fiercer than tiger."

I doubt it. (Liu Zongyuan's "The Snake Catcher") 3 Taste the heart of the ancient benevolent, or do something different, why? (Fan Zhongyan's The Story of Yueyang Tower) (4) When Chen She was young, he tried to plow with others.

(Sima Qian's The Chen She Family) Second, it means that the action and state are continuing or persisting, such as 1, which means "just in time" and "just in time". There will be heavy rain, roads will be blocked, and the temperature has already been lost.

(Sima Qian's Chen She Family) (2) The guests will have a big banquet. (Lin Sihuan Stomatology) 2, Fang, meaning "positive" and "rigid".

(1) If the party wants to do it, it depends on the accumulated wages. (Pu Songling's Wolf) 3. Zheng Zheng means "just right" and "just right".

(1) is thoughtfully, Xia Houdun enter an item in an account, please night slogan. (Luo Guanzhong's "The Death of Yang Xiu") ② Only disciples can't learn it.

(The Analects of Confucius) 3. It means it happened at a certain time, such as "yes". (1) When it is, the woman pats her hand.

(Lin Sihuan's ventriloquism) "It's time" means "at this time". Fourth, it refers to the sudden, extremely fast and unexpected occurrence of events or actions, such as sudden, sudden, violent and urgent.

Suddenly, a big man shouted, "Fire." (Lin Sihuan's "Mouth Kung Fu") Suddenly, a tiger army rushed to the front and shouted: "Wei Yan is coming!" (Luo Guanzhong's "The Death of Yang Xiu") (3) Suddenly touching the ruler, the group will ring.

(Lin Sihuan's Stomatology) (4) Tu went on the rampage and slashed the wolf's head with a knife. (Wolf of Pu Songling) (5) Ding Bo carried a ghost on his shoulder and clutched it.

(Gambao's "Song Ding Bo Chasing Ghosts") ⑥ Emergency medical treatment. (Luo Guanzhong's "The Death of Yang Xiu") Examples ① ~ ④ Sudden, sudden and sudden all mean sudden.

⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ 931

(1) at that time, wonderful finish. (Lin Sihuan's ventriloquism) "Instantaneity" is translated as "simultaneity", which means that the behavior and state exist for a short time.

6. It means that it happens after a short time, such as: a moment, a moment, a little time, a moment, a moment, a moment, which is equivalent to the meaning of "a moment" and "a moment later". (1) hectares, please come to the game.

(Qian Daxin's Yu Yi) (2) Russia and hundreds of people shouted. (Lin Sihuan Stomatology) After a few minutes, the husband started screaming.

(Lin Sihuan's "Stomatology") When I was 4 years old, I went to find a wolf. (Pu Songling's Wolf) (5) Wolves are also clumsy, but they are killed twice in an instant.

(Pu Songling's Wolf) After a while, I heard the sound of a moderate wind in the barrier. (Lin Sihuan's ventriloquism) 7 Bian Que met Cai Huangong and set up a room.

(Han Fei's Bian Que Meets Cai Huangong) 7. Indicates that an action, behavior or state occurs or finishes soon, such as the beginning and the end. (1) The eldest son wakes up first.

(Lin Sihuan Stomatology) Just after giving birth to several children, the guests have already laid hands on them first. (Qian Daxin's "Yu Yi") Eight refers to two things happening one after another, and the interval is relatively short. For example, once, looking for it is equivalent to "soon" and "soon".

(1) When you woke up, you cried. (Lin Sihuan's "Stomatology") 2 Failure, finding the right disease.

(Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden) Nine, indicating that a certain situation or behavior is about to happen or complete, such as: will, meaning "soon", "soon" and "will". 1 If you don't treat it, you will be afraid.

(Han Fei's "Bian Que Meets") (2) Ji will cut. (The Analects of Confucius/Ji's) X. It took some time to happen.

For example, it is already. (1) the sun in the mountains, scattered figures, satrap and guests from also.

(Ouyang XIu's Preface to Drunk Pavilion) Xi. It means that a long time has passed, such as: a long time, "a long time". (1) After a long time, my eyes seem awkward and idle.

(Wolf of Pu Songling) (2) When Chen She was young, he tried to plow the fields with his servants, but he was disappointed for a long time on his fallow ridge. (Sima Qian's Chen She Family) The second is to record the year with dry branches.

Dry, that is, "heavenly dry" (heavenly dry is: a, b, c, d, e, g, n, n); Branches, that is, "earthly branches" (earthly branches are in turn: ugly Tatsumi asks for blessings at noon). Branches and trunks are a special ordinal number system used to record time in ancient China.

The stems and branches are arranged in pairs in sequence and circulated for 60 times, which is called a "Jiazi" (or "Huajiazi"): Jiazi, Emei, Bingyin ... Xinyou, Ren Xu and Beihai. Such as: Wanli Ding You at 3 o'clock on February 14th.

(Travel Notes on the West Lake, Volume 4, Volume 2) Ji Hai on February 4th. (Man Jing's Travels, five volumes) The apocalypse is an autumn.

(Four volumes "The Story of the Nuclear Ship") The third is to record the year with the title of the monarch. In ancient China, the title of emperor began with the title of "Jianyuan" of Liu Che, the emperor of Han Dynasty. Since then, the year has been recorded by title.

Such as: 6 Shanxi Taiyuan, Wu Lingren fishing industry. (Volume II Peach Blossom Garden) 7 In 20061October 12, Yuan Feng undressed and wanted to sleep.

(Three volumes, Night Tour in Chengtian Temple) Second, there are three main ways to record the moon in ancient times: one is to record the moon on land. According to the lunar calendar, the lunar calendar is the first month, Taizu is February, and the rest (Tatsumi's ugly son is in the afternoon) and so on; Second, before the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, add Meng, Zhong and Ji in turn to form, Zhong, and ... Meng Dong, Midwinter and Ji Dong, the ancient people's nicknames for the corresponding months in each season; Third, like modern month-keeping, add numbers before the month to record the month.

The third kind of China's classical poems, which are common in junior middle schools, such as "Eight In the snow Passed the Tatar Day". (Four volumes, one song "Snow White Farewell to Tian Shuji Wu's Home") Pet-name ruby People were twice as busy as usual in May.

(five volumes of "Looking at Wheat Cutting") Attended the celebration on September 12th, 2008. ("Mo Chi Ji" six volumes) Third, there are three main ways to record the sun in ancient times: one is to record the sun with dry branches.

It is the end of the month. (Old textbook "Climbing Mount Tai") The second is to record the days with the names of specific festivals and solar terms.

Wait until the mountain is on holiday, and I'll come back at chrysanthemum time. (One Book Passing the Old People's Village) In March and January, the ancients often used "New Moon" (the first day of the first lunar month), "Moon Out (fěi)" (the third day of the first lunar month), "Wang" (the fifteenth day of the first lunar month), "Wang" (the sixteenth lunar month) and "Hui" (the end of the twelfth lunar month).

For example, from hope to 18, it is the most prosperous. (three volumes "Watching Tides") Wu Shenhui, V.