Holistic health concept. It is believed that the balance of yin and yang is the basis of health. Once the balance is destroyed, health will also be destroyed: "Yin and Yang are the secret, God is the rule, Yin and Yang are separated, and essence is the absolute."
Conform to the view of nature. Only by "harmonizing Yin and Yang, adjusting the four seasons" or "conforming to Yin and Yang" can people achieve the status of being human, practical, sage and virtuous, and achieve a long and healthy life and even immortality.
Focus on the concept of prevention. Neijing puts forward: "The sage did not cure his disease, but did not cure it." When you are already sick, it is too late to treat and raise. This is not only the basis of ancient health preservation, but also has important practical significance.
Take care of your feelings. Neijing attaches great importance to spiritual cultivation and holds that a happy spirit and a stable complex are the keys to good health. "Su Wen Gu Naive" says: "If there is nothing, the true qi will follow; Hide your spirit inside and you won't get sick. "
The concept of both form and spirit. According to Neijing, it is necessary not only to cultivate and keep the spirit, but also to exercise and be "tired and tireless". The combination of static and dynamic can "integrate body and mind" and prolong the illness.
Neijing advocates adopting various methods to achieve the purpose of cultivating truth and preserving health. In addition to paying attention to eating and living at four o'clock and adjusting emotions, it also emphasizes the methods of guidance and breathing. For example, Neijing thinks that living in a humid place is easy to get arthritis and other diseases, and advocates guiding treatment. For the "relaxing muscles and activating collaterals", the technique of "guiding qi to move" can be practiced. Breathing is a skill of internal cultivation, and the method of breathing is mentioned in many places in Su Wen of Neijing. For example, "patients with chronic kidney disease can keep their heads clear and hold their breath for seven times when facing south, so as to make their neck and pharynx unobstructed, such as swallowing hard objects." This has been done seven times, and there are countless orders under the bait. " These methods became the basis for the later development of Qigong. Lu Chunqiu was compiled by a group of scholars convened by Premier Qin. Although the book mainly discusses the skills of governing the country and keeping the country safe, there are many chapters on health preservation, which forms the characteristics of health preservation by moving: moving is the foundation of life, "moving and sprouting, sprouting and growing, long and long", and further puts forward the basic principles of health preservation by moving. Eliminating harm means "observing the appropriateness of yin and yang and distinguishing the benefits of all things", while eliminating the harm of five flavors, five emotions and seven evils. Only in this way can we achieve "spiritual security and longevity." Knowledge is the basis of knowing the essence: "running water does not rot, the household shaft does not bite, and it moves." Form and harmony are the same. If the shape does not move, the essence will not flow, and the essence will not flow. "and" illness leads to evil and depression. "
However, "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" did not clearly put forward how to "move". Hua Tuo interpreted "movement" as the movement of human labor, and it is much more reasonable to explain the function of "movement" with "the elimination of qi and the circulation of blood" than Lu's theory of qi stagnation causing disease. Huai Nan Zi was written by Liu An, the king of Huai Nan in the early Han Dynasty, imitating Lv Chunqiu, and there are many statements about health preservation in the book. Huainanzi thinks that health care is "body-oriented": "health care is based on the world and morality is maintained all the year round, which can be described as body-oriented."
The essence of health preservation is to achieve the trinity of form, spirit and qi: "the husband is in form, and the house of life is also;" Angry people are full of life; God, the system of life. If you lose your position, all three will be hurt. "Of the three, cultivating God is the most important. Only by keeping the spirit in it can God get his place, God get his place, and his spirit is clear, and he can give full play to his role. Therefore, Empresses in the Palace said: "God, lust must not be chaotic." "If you are God, you will be wise. If you are Qingming, you will be Meiji. "
Huainanzi advocates moderate exercise: "If you don't stop working, you will be exhausted." At the same time, he advocated abstinence: "If the eyes and ears indulge in sensual pleasure, the five internal organs will waver;" When the five internal organs shake irregularly, the blood gas will swing endlessly; If blood and blood flow endlessly, the spirit will gallop outside and not keep it! The spirit is galloping outside without keeping it, and the fortunes are like autumn mountains, but it is unreasonable. "
Huainanzi also attaches great importance to maintaining peace of mind: "People are angry and break the yin, and they are overjoyed." Advocating that "everything should be accompanied by China". If you can collect from the middle, you can absorb from the outside. If you get what you want, you will have five internal organs, be foolish and calm, be energetic and be smart. Sparse but not arrogant, strong but not arrogant. "This kind of thinking of" taking Huawei as the outside "and controlling the shape by God shows a very obvious Taoist color.