Jiangkui
19 1 1 in winter, it was full of snow and a stone lake. Stop the month, give simple sentences, and sign new voices to do these two songs. Shi Hu was amused, prostitutes moved there, and the syllables were harmonious, so they were named Dimfragrance and Thin Shadow.
Old moonlight. How many times have you looked at me, Bian Mei playing the flute? Arouse jade people and climb regardless of the cold. He Xun is old now and has forgotten. But strangely, the flowers are sparse outside the bamboo, and the incense is cold into the Yao mat. Jiangguo is silent. Sighed away, the snow began to accumulate at night. Cui Zunyi cried, and the red calyx was silent and nostalgic. Chang Ji once joined hands to crush thousands of trees, making the West Lake cold and blue. Blow it out piece by piece. When can you see it?
Jiang Kui's poems often have a small preface under the tone of the words, or remember the writing time, or the origin of writing, or the artistic conception and scenery, and the beautiful words are often helpful to understand the words. From the preface, we know that it was written in the second year of Yu Zongshaoxi (1 19 1). Fan Chengda, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, lived in Shihu, Suzhou, in his later years. After taking Sesshū Tōyō to Shihu, he wrote two new words at Fan's request. Among Jiang Kui's more than 80 poems, 17 belongs to Yongmei, which is one of them. Fan Chengda's "Playing in the Palm" is quite appreciated; The author said that "syllables are harmonious and beautiful", which seems to be very satisfactory.
The famous sentence of Lin Bu's poem "Xiaomei in the Mountain Garden" in the early Song Dynasty is: "The shadows are shallow and the fragrance floats at dusk." Jiang Kui's New Sound is named after the first two words of each sentence, so it belongs to Yongmei.
"Old moonlight. How many times have you looked at me and Bian Mei played the flute? " Together, I feel infinite, and my feelings are infinite. Old Moonlight, when was it? According to Mr. Xia's comments on the chronology of words, "The two words (hazy and thin shadow) were written in the winter of191year, which was the last year to bid farewell to Hefei", while "everyone who cared about them at that time had left Hefei". This explanation refers to the old events in Hefei. Jiang Kui traveled to Hefei many times and kept close contact with the local * * *, and later wrote 189 poems in memory of Hefei * * *. The word "moonlight in the old days" turned into a memory of the past with a sudden surprise, which is exactly the trend of "there must be a gift from the beginning" (Shi Buhua's Poems on Mountain Living), but the poet did not mention anything about the moon this night. This makes people more attached to the "old moonlight". Under the plum moon, the flute is melodious and the scenery is infinite. Now that I think about it, it has become a memorable past. This meaning is closely related to the following two sentences: "Arouse jade people, regardless of cold or climbing." "All trees are cold and colorless, and the southern branches are alone" (Daoyuan), "regardless of the cold", it can be seen that the elegance is strong, and the beauty is excited and the plum blossoms are picked together. From the artistic level of Ci, we might as well look at it this way: when Shi Hu "gave simple sentences and called for new sounds", the poet might suddenly see the moonlight while writing, so he remembered the "old moonlight" and had the feeling of "reflecting me several times". So a poetic past unfolded in my mind: first, Bian Mei played the flute alone under the moon; After that, the Jade Man was aroused and went to pick plums together. These two shots are closely connected, showing the beauty of moonlight, people's leisure and elegant life interest. If it is said that "apricot blossoms and thin shadows play the flute until dawn" (Chen's Linjiang Fairy) is the "cool language" of "gorgeous, still plain" (golden element); Then, this song "playing the flute at the seaside, playing jade people, whether cold or climbing" can be said to be a "elegant language" with a delicate fragrance among beauties. He Zhu has a saying, "Jade Man Picks Plum Blossoms in the Moon", which is also about his past love life, but he always feels that it is not as good as Baishi's "arousing" and "ignoring", and it is meaningful and tearful. This samadhi is very intriguing.
I have written about the joy of Hefei in the past, so what about today? "He Xun is old now and has forgotten." Here, the author compares himself to He Xun, saying that the years have passed, and now he is getting old and has lost the elegance in Xun Mei's poems. "Spring breeze ci pen", the language is implicit. "Spring breeze travels ten miles along Yangzhou Road, so it is better to roll a bead curtain" (Du Mu). It is said that in the spring breeze, all the beautiful women upstairs who roll up bead curtains are not as good as the one he loves. Therefore, we might as well look at it this way: the "spring breeze" here means that the person you love is the "jade person" who is "aroused" and climbs the plum blossom. Therefore, these two sentences are not only "poetic style" (poetic style) but should be "forgotten", but both should be "forgotten". However, it is precisely because I can't forget the irony I reluctantly said. Not only can't you forget, but you must always remember. Five years later, in Liangxi (outside the gate of Wuxi, it is said that Hongliang, who stayed away from his wife, once lived here), he remembered "a few small windows and dreamy hands" ("Jiang Meiyin"), because "it is easy for people to be separated for a long time and then suddenly miss each other", which shows that they often meet hand in hand in their dreams.
"But strange, the flowers are sparse outside the bamboo, and the fragrance is cold into the Yao mat." I am in such a mood, but a few sparse plum blossoms outside the bamboo forest are completely incomprehensible. They floated Leng Xiang into this magnificent banquet. "Sparse the flowers" does not mean that the flowers are messy, but that the plum blossoms are chic, such as Lin Bu's "sparse shadows are shallow". As soon as the plum blossom is served, don't you remember the previous situation more? Then, plum blossom is so boring, how can it not be "weird"! On the surface, it is "He Xun is old now", without the pride of the past. In fact, there is no "jade man" to "arouse". Really: "Fat water flows eastward, without end, without the original acacia"! Six years later, in Yuan Xi You Meng, "Partridge Sky" made a more painful sound! But it's very subtle here.
The lower part is closely connected with the upper part. "Jiangguo is silent." Jiangguo refers to the water towns in the south of the Yangtze River. The Shihu Lake in the southwest of Suzhou, Jiangsu, where Baishi lives at this time is within its scope. At this moment, when it snows at night, it is especially quiet and makes people feel more lonely. In other words, "silence" is a wishful thinking, which leads to this point: when snowflakes fall on the land in the south of the Yangtze River, where is the "jade man" thinking about "old times"? This is deeper. However, the idea of folding plums to send them away to comfort acacia just started, but I immediately remembered: first, the road is far away; Second, it snows at night, just a sigh. "Send Plum Garden to Sing" uses the story of Lu Kai sending Plum Garden to Ye Fan: "Fold the Plum Garden and mail it to the leading family. Jiangnan has nothing, talk about a spring. " However, writing is much more profound than poetry. Once, they "awakened the jade people" and "ignored the cold", and they * * * picked plum blossoms. Now, if plum blossoms can be delivered, they will miss the old love even more. Therefore, the poet works hard. However, it is precisely because of Baishi's touching brushstrokes that the poet also imperceptibly depicts the other party's "silent" state of mind, which makes people feel unable to "sigh".
"Cui Zun is easy to cry, and the red calyx is speechless." These two sentences are based on things and people. Because people's mood is sad, I feel that the green wine in front of me and the red plum outside (that is, "sparse flowers" in the last film) seem to miss that person deeply! The antithesis between "weeping" and "silence" is neat, personifying things and having human feelings, thus writing the poet's deep affection.
Next, it is reminiscing about the past. "Changji has joined hands, thousands of trees are pressed, and the West Lake is cold." In the Song Dynasty, plum trees in the lonely mountain of West Lake turned into forests. Until Chen Xituo in the Qing Dynasty, there was still a sentence of "plum blossoms in the lonely mountain early". "Thousands of trees" means many plum trees. I used to swim hand in hand here, but now everyone is gone, the lake is still so cold and green, and plum blossoms flourish after snow. The word "pressure" vividly depicts the gorgeous plum blossom scene on the lake after snow. In other words, the word "pressure" means close, that is, the red berries on the shore and the blue waves in the lake are close to each other, and the scenery is extremely bright. Unfortunately, the beautiful scenery has passed, but people will never forget it! What about the future? "Blow out again. When can you see it? " Don't look at the splendor now, it will blow out one day. There is almost no doubt about it. "Long Record", how cheerful; "Piece by piece", how sad it is, is also a kind of contrast technique, which is the same as the contrast between "old time" and "present time" in the last movie, but it is more seamless. It seems that this is "thinking about its prosperity and feeling its decline" again.
Besides Dimfragrance, there is Thin Shadow, which is a companion piece of Yongmei Flower. Some people used to say that these two words have sustenance, referring to the North-South peace talks, or referring to the exile of Huidi and Qin, which contains the feelings of loyalty and righteousness, etc., which are far-fetched. In fact, the whole word is that Yongmei is pregnant with people, thinking about the present and thinking about the future. Yongmei runs through the whole article, and he is pregnant with people from beginning to end. In the last film, the concept of time, the joy of "the old days" and the sadness of "the present days" are in contrast, so Mei Sheng is "strange" and finds it hard to get. The acme of strangeness is the depth of affection. The next film takes space as the background, and Far Away, Snow and Mail are all empty, sighing because of plum blossoms; Finally, the scene in "To make a long story short" is so happy that it will "fly away one by one" in the future. Its bitterness is obvious, lingering and affectionate, beyond words. Reciting things does not stop at things, and expressing feelings is not limited to feelings; There are feelings in things, and there are things in feelings. From the perspective of chanting things or lyric poetry, they are all good products. It is no wonder that Zhou Ji, who is critical of Jiang Kui, also said in "Miscellaneous Poems in Jiecunzhai": "Only the words" hazy "and" thin shadow "have infinite meanings, which can be wonderful with Jia Xuan".