Su Shi, whose real name is Zi Zhan, whose real name is Dongpo Jushi, the second son of Su Xun, was born in Shamanxing (present temple), Meishan, Sichuan, in the third year of Jianzhong Jing in Song Huizong (1037+05438+0065438+). The first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, the first scholar in the ages. He was clever since he was a child. He knew books at the age of seven and could read at the age of ten. Su Shi's father studied abroad when he was a child, and his wife Mu Cheng taught poetry and calligraphy, which means "diligent and inquisitive, with contemporary ambition." Song Renzong Jiayou spent three years (1057) trying this ceremony with his younger brother. Imperial academy told Mei that he had read Su Shi's "Rewarding Loyalty with Punishment" and thought it was "the wind of Mencius", so he handed the paper to Ouyang Xiu, the examiner. The revision of "Surprise is Different" is intended to be the first, but it is also suspected that it was written by its favorite pupil. In order to avoid suspicion, he took this as the second; Then, conduct a second interview, and take Chunqiu Yi as the first. Ouyang Xiu said excitedly, "When you read a poem, you won't feel sweaty. Come on, come on. I should avoid the road and let him off the ground. Delightful, gratifying! " He also highly praised Su Shi's "being good at reading and using books" and predicted that Su Shi's articles would be "unparalleled in the world" and that "the world will know me even less after 30 years". Su Shi's brothers then joined the same Jinshi. Later, I took the secret cabinet system and got into the third class (the highest class, only two people got into the third class since the founding of the Song Dynasty). From then on, Su Shi and Su Zhe's articles became famous all over the world, and many scholars paid attention to them. The emperor also boasted that his descendants had two prime ministers. He is a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of Duanming Temple, an imperial scholar, and served as a senior minister in the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Rites. He has served as a local official in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Huzhou, Xuzhou, Yingzhou, Dengzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. He helped disaster relief and water control, developed production, suppressed the powerful and rectified military discipline, and benefited the government.

Su Shi is a brilliant master of literature and art. He has made great achievements in the fields of poetry, ci, literature, calligraphy and painting, and his natural creativity has greatly surpassed his peers and stood at the peak of literature and art in the Northern Song Dynasty. His poetry has a broad realm, a wide range of themes, profound content, chic style, elegance and fluency. There are representative works of realism, such as The Words of Five Birds, Lee's Garden and Litchi Tan. There are also excellent romantic works, such as "Walking on a Trail Mountain" and "A Hundred Steps of Flood", which are full of majestic spirit. Another example is "The Night Scene of the Spring River in Hui Chong" and "Drinking Chu Qing in the Lake and Rain after", which are fresh, lively and natural. In particular, the latter has become the eternal swan song of Hangzhou to sing the West Lake. As Song Wuyan said in "Boating on the Lake on the Second Day of the First Month", "Mr. Qian Zhongshu, a famous contemporary scholar, commented on the romantic and bold artistic style of Su Shi's poems except light makeup and heavy makeup:" After Li Bai, no one in ancient times can match Su Shi's. "Su Shi's ci has washed away the beautiful and feminine style of the five generations, created a bold and unconstrained ci school, and formed a bold and unrestrained style with lofty and fresh artistic conception. He broadened the theme of his own ci, saying that "you can't enter unintentionally and talk about everything" (Liu Xizai's World Outline), showing a brand-new style. Su Shi's graceful words are also sincere and delicate, deep and sincere, heartfelt and passionate. Su Shi's prose is even more natural, with vertical and horizontal brushwork, free and easy and meaningful, and he is the natural leader of the ancient prose movement in the Northern Song Dynasty after Ouyang Xiu. Su Shi's calligraphy ranks first among the "Song Sijia" (Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei, Cai Xiang) which plays a connecting role in the Song Dynasty. Su Shi is a painter, an advocate and the backbone of the literati painting movement in China. His theories of freehand brushwork and vividness, regularity and common sense, and the unity of poetry and painting have been widely read by literati painting school and regarded as the golden rule, which has influenced so far. Su Shi's family is a musical family, and all three Su are masters of playing guqin. " The Biography of Qin People in Past Dynasties quoted Zhang You's Qin Jing? Daya Yin Si records that the most famous guqin family is Meishan Susan.

Su Shi's erudition is also manifested in natural science. He is very good at Chinese medicine. Su Shen Liang Fang is an important medical work that has been handed down to this day, and it is a collection of medical prescriptions collected by Su Shi and another great scientist in the Song Dynasty. He has made great achievements in agriculture, water conservancy, cooking, health care and other fields.

Su Shi has made great achievements in all fields of literature and art, which is almost unique in the history of China literature. He can really be described as "the first scholar through the ages", and his dazzling brilliance made the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty shine brilliantly. Emperor Song Shenzong said incisively: "Only the talent of poetry, no knowledge of poetry." Emperor Song Xiaozong called Su Shi: "I am proud of EMI and have made my own family. I am full of glory." Wang Guowei, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, said: "The four great poets in ancient China were Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, Du Fu and Su Shi. Among them, no literati in the feudal era had more influence than Su Shi. " Marshal Chen Yi, a revolutionary, strategist and poet of the older generation in China, once sang: "I read long and short sentences and like Su Xin best. Dongpo has a broad chest and Jiaxuan is powerful. " Chairman Zhu De, a great proletarian revolutionist, spoke highly of Su San and his son: "Three fathers and sons are great writers. Poetry and fu have been handed down from generation to generation, and Emei has a high proportion of * * *. "

Su Shi was loyal to the country, patriotic and loving the people, and made outstanding achievements. He is a good friend who loves the people deeply. Su Shi was an official in Hangzhou twice, arguing with the court that the West Lake could not be abolished, and led the people of Hangzhou to manage the West Lake and make it preserved to this day. He also dredged six wells and canals to stabilize food prices and help the poor, and founded the first public hospital in China-Anlefang. "Shi Fu came to Hangzhou for 20 years, and Germany is for the people. There are portraits at home, food is what he wants, and life is what he wants." This passage is from the History of Song Dynasty? Su Shi's fax truly reflects people's infinite gratitude to Su Shi. He advocates being frivolous and generous, enriching the people and rejuvenating the country, selecting materials strictly and being good at appointment. He opposed Wang Anshi's radical political reform and Sima Guang's abolition of the new law, so he was attacked by the old and new parties and had a rough life. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was arrested and imprisoned for "Wutai Poetry Case". Later, he was demoted to Yong Lian of Huangzhou Regiment, built Tang Xue of Dongpo, and became a Buddhist of Dongpo. In his later years, he was banished to Huizhou, and then from Huizhou to Danzhou. In the third year of Fu Yuan (1 100), when he returned to the north, he put forward the view of Chengdu Jade Bureau. The following year, he died in Changzhou and was buried in Xiao Emei Mountain in jia county, Henan Province, in memory of Wen Gong.