Contents of lectures on health education for pregnant women 1
First, matters needing attention during pregnancy
1, eating too much salt can easily lead to hypertension and induce pregnancy-induced hypertension. Pay attention to a light diet.
2, the fetus is generally 6-6.5 kg is normal, pregnant women must control their diet.
Balanced nutrition; Coarse and fine grain collocation; Restricting diet does not mean starving; The biological clock should be normal and regular.
3. Jaundice during pregnancy will lead to the decline of placental function, and the main phenomenon is urinary jaundice. Caused by too much cholic acid. Pregnant women should not eat fried food.
4. Travel safety: avoid external forces. The main symptom after trauma is abdominal pain, so you should see a doctor in time.
5, premature delivery: the main symptom is frequent abdominal contraction, 1-2 times/hour. Pay attention to bed rest at this time.
Because the sensitivity of the uterus varies from person to person, so does walking. Not every pregnant woman should take more walks.
Nipple stimulation can promote the release of oxytocin in the body and induce premature delivery.
6, ① Pain on both sides of the stomach? It's caused by the traction of uterine ligament, not serious.
(2) bone headache under the belly? Nervous. When lying flat, you should take a lateral position and a hard bed. The husband can slowly press forward according to the position to close the bone position. 3 How to control the diet when the child is too big? Eat less staple food and sweets, and take a walk if you eat too much.
Don't accumulate too much energy in your body.
4 What if the child is too young? Stay in bed more, don't be too tired, which is convenient for uterine blood supply. Eat less and eat more. Eat more foods containing iron, such as animal liver and duck blood.
⑤ The amniotic fluid is broken? Phenomenon: uncontrollable vaginal hydrops. Amniotic fluid is a colorless and transparent liquid. If this happens, lie flat or keep your hips high, even if you go to the hospital. Pregnant women should be more careful after 36 weeks
7, pregnant women's clothes should be wide (underwear, underwear), to wash and change frequently.
Second, the family's self-monitoring of the fetus.
1, counting fetal movements. This is the main monitoring method, especially after 36 weeks. Count three times a day for one hour each time; More than three times per hour, there is no upper limit. Stop for more than a minute, and then move again. If you exercise continuously for one minute, it is considered as fetal movement.
Be sure to count before going to bed. If the fetal movement is normal, it can be guaranteed that there is no problem within 12 hours.
Fetal sleep is generally 30-40 minutes/time.
Several other phenomena:
(1) If you suddenly move badly and then stay still for a long time, it may be that the umbilical cord around the neck leads to fetal hypoxia.
② Rhythmic tremor may be a hiccup after swallowing amniotic fluid, so don't worry.
2. About umbilical cord around the neck: Umbilical cord around the neck is caused by children's activities in amniotic fluid. As long as it doesn't oppress the child's neck, the problem is not big.
Three. Matters needing attention in labor
1, aura: ① irregular abdominal pain, you can wait at home at this time; Don't be nervous when you see the red below. You can wait at home.
2. During labor, pregnant women have regular stomachache (every time 10 minutes) and slight sweating. In addition, amniotic fluid may break.
3. Prepare articles before going to the hospital: underwear, underwear, toiletries, children's diapers, washbasin and footbath, and deposit.
5. Registration problem: When there is no outpatient service, pregnant women will go directly to the emergency room to register.
6. The mood of pregnant women during labor is very important. Don't be afraid, and have positive psychological interaction with the fetus. Husbands should do some appeasement.
7. Pregnant women should urinate in time before giving birth; During childbirth, you should relax your whole body, exert pressure on your abdomen, not exert pressure on your whole body, and breathe evenly. Generally, it takes about 2 hours from the opening of the uterus to the completion of delivery. After this time, it is necessary to prepare for caesarean section. The placenta is removed within 30 minutes. After delivery, pregnant women should rest in the delivery room for 2 hours, so as to observe postpartum hemorrhage and deal with it in time.
8. The uterus will contract after delivery, and a fist-sized lump can be felt on the stomach, which can be recovered by pressing.
9, postpartum care: observe whether there is bleeding; Try to stay in bed and do some useful activities in bed; Don't make up immediately, the digestive function of pregnant women has not fully recovered; Drink more soup and replenish milk; Avoid sweating too much.
First of all, about breastfeeding.
1, pregnant women will produce prolactin and oxytocin to promote milk production. After giving birth to a child, drink more soup and water to help produce milk. Generally, pregnant women open milk within 30 minutes after delivery.
2. Newborns should not suck rubber nipples first (postpartum 1 week). His first feeling is very important. Be sure to let him suck his mother's nipples.
3, the child does not feel full, do not give too much breastfeeding.
4, the more children suck, stimulate the nipple, the more milk will be secreted.
5, breast pain should be avoided, do not save too much milk, squeeze out in time to prevent flatulence and stop milk (you can use flatulence to wean).
6. During breastfeeding, mothers should be broad-minded, peaceful and balanced in nutrition.
7. Children with diarrhea should stop breastfeeding, and at the same time, do not let breast milk surge back and squeeze out in time. Mother has an infectious disease and can't breastfeed.
8, children eat breast milk from April to June, and the body has strong immunity. While producing breast milk, it is also good for the mother's physical recovery.
9. Feeding posture:
Sitting feeding-sitting on a stool, hugging the baby and gently holding the breast with your thumb and forefinger. The baby who smokes is very quiet. Let the children eat it all at once. If the baby falls asleep during smoking, you can gently pinch his earlobe to wake him up. If you can't wake him, don't force him to go back to sleep. After feeding, you can apply milk on the nipple and let it dry naturally, which can protect health, sterilize and protect skin. Clean with a warm wet towel before the next feeding.
Second, neonatal care.
1, the whole body of the newborn is tender, so pay attention to the cervical vertebra when holding it.
2. Newborns should take a lateral position when sleeping, and change the lateral position in time to avoid supine.
3. Wrinkles in the neck of fat children should be exposed, and a small amount of talcum powder should be used.
4. Mother and child's nails should be trimmed in time.
5. After breast-feeding, children cry, mainly because they inhale cold air when smoking. Put his head on your shoulder, pat his back gently for 3-5 minutes, and listen to the cold air from his abdomen when the baby burps.
6. Newborns should avoid public environment; Pay attention to the air circulation at home.
7. By touching the nasal process, you can feel the warmth of the newborn.
8, baby bath: clean from top to bottom. Put the baby on the platform, hold the head and neck with your hands and wash it slowly; Then turn around, grab near the thigh root and clean the lower body. Babies should generally take a bath before breastfeeding, not after breastfeeding.
9. Umbilical cord care: gently wipe it with cotton balls dipped in alcohol every day until it falls off naturally. If the site is red and swollen, there may be umbilical cord inflammation, so you should see a doctor in time.
Lecture on health education for pregnant women II
Every parent wants to have a healthy and intelligent child. Eugenics is to have a healthy and intelligent child. The factors of a person's health are nothing more than two aspects: one is congenital and the other is acquired. Congenital endowment is of course inherited by parents, so we must prevent and find congenital abnormalities and block the continuation of genetic diseases. To understand the genetic mode of genetic diseases, you can consult a doctor and ask questions about heredity.
To achieve eugenics, people usually need to know about eugenics. First of all, we must achieve a healthy marriage.
Secondly, we should have a premarital examination.
Third, choose the right time to get pregnant.
Fortieth, pay attention to health care during pregnancy.
First, what should I pay attention to in the early pregnancy?
The first trimester of pregnancy is called the first trimester, which is an important period of embryonic tissue differentiation and development, and it is also the most vulnerable period to internal and external environment. Therefore, in order to avoid fetal malformation, mothers should do four bogeys in the early stage of pregnancy:
(1) Avoid drug abuse. We should use drugs as little as possible or not, especially avoid using hormones, sulfonamides and tetracycline drugs.
(2) Avoid contact with harmful and radioactive substances. Such as benzene, contraceptives, anticancer drugs, pesticide production and radioisotopes.
(3) Avoid infection. Such as rubella and flu. Because the virus has teratogenic effect. In addition, some febrile infectious diseases can easily lead to fetal death.
(4) avoid smoking and alcohol. Alcohol is harmful to the whole process of fetal development, but it is more harmful to early embryos. Harmful components in tobacco will delay the development of embryos, resulting in deformity and abortion.
Second, women's balanced diet pagoda in the early pregnancy
15- 20g oil and 6g salt.
200-250g of milk and dairy products
50 grams of soybeans and nuts
50-75g of fish, poultry, eggs and meat (including animal viscera) (50g of fish, poultry and eggs each) and 300-500 of vegetables (mainly green leaves).
Fruit100-200g
200-300g of cereals, potatoes and miscellaneous beans (no less than 1/5 for miscellaneous grains).
Moderate drinking water
Third, health care in the second trimester: second trimester 13-27 weeks.
1. Health education: Go to the health care system of a regular hospital for pregnancy check-up, screen high-risk factors, such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, edema, severe vomiting, fever, etc., check in time, pay attention to fetal movement time, have reasonable nutrition, don't be picky about food, combine rest with work, and avoid taking medicine indiscriminately and contacting harmful substances. Regular life, cheerful personality, pay attention to rest, and ensure 8 hours of sleep every day.
2. Necessary examination: prenatal examination every four weeks, routine hematuria examination every month, Down's screening at 16-20 weeks, and ultrasound reexamination at1-24 weeks.
Fourth, health care in the third trimester.
1. Determine the time of prenatal examination: between 28 and 36 weeks of pregnancy, every two weeks 1 prenatal examination; Weekly check-up after 37 weeks 1 time; After 40 weeks, 1 prenatal examination was performed every 3 days and followed up.
2. Fetal movement self-inspection: 3 times a day, each time 1 hour. Multiply three numbers by four, and the number is greater than 30. If the fetal movement is less than 10 times or the fetal hypoxia is suddenly and frequently suggested, you should go to the hospital immediately.
3 Take the left lateral position when sleeping, drink plenty of water and urinate more.
4, diet diversification, eat more fruits and vegetables to prevent constipation.
5, varicose veins should pay attention to avoid standing for a long time, wear elastic socks when necessary.
6, fingers, back, joint pain is not nerve, generally 3 months after delivery can return to normal. 7, 32~34 weeks pregnant mother will feel a little breathless and flustered because of increased blood volume and enlarged fundus. She has no history of heart disease in the past, normal electrocardiogram and no abnormality in medical consultation, so she can't intervene. When the temperature is high, it is best for pregnant mothers to stay in a ventilated and cool place to relieve symptoms.
8. Prevent pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. High-risk pregnant women should pay close attention to blood pressure and beware of complications.
9. Actively prevent and treat lower reproductive tract infections, pay attention to health guidance during pregnancy, and prohibit sexual intercourse in the third trimester to avoid weight bearing and abdominal impact.
5. Why do you want to supplement folic acid when planning pregnancy?
Folic acid is a vitamin. Lack of folic acid in pregnant women can lead to fetal malformation. Taking small doses of folic acid every day from planned pregnancy to three months after pregnancy can reduce the occurrence of neural tube malformation, cleft lip and palate, congenital heart disease, reduce the rate of spontaneous abortion, relieve pregnancy reaction, promote fetal development and correct anemia in pregnant women.
Sixth, what about postpartum? Confinement? science of personnel
1 Pay attention to rest. Rest is the most important thing in confinement. Be sure to rest at home after delivery, pay attention to sleep, and don't make yourself tired, but don't lie in bed all month.
2. Stay happy. Postpartum women are mentally fragile, and with the increase of stress, postpartum depression may occur. Therefore, we must maintain a happy atmosphere at home, especially the husband should be more considerate of his wife and give spiritual and life support.
3, reasonable arrangement of diet. The dietary principles during confinement are: the food should be soft and delicious, easy to digest and absorb, eat less and eat more meals, mix dry and wet, and be suitable for meat and vegetables. It is not advisable to eat raw and cold food, and it is not advisable to supplement it too quickly.
4, keep clean and hygienic
Keep the perineum clean. Wipe perineum with cotton ball dipped in sterile water or normal saline at least twice a day after delivery, and rinse after defecation 1 time. ※. After cleaning, put on a sterilized perineum pad, and change underwear in Qin Ying, and expose to the sun to achieve the purpose of sterilization.
Take a bath often. Experts believe that women who give birth normally can take a bath 24 hours after delivery, and should take a bath after delivery. ※. The water temperature is 34-35℃ and the room temperature is 26℃. Bathing in the basin is prohibited within one month after delivery.
Brush your teeth often. After pregnancy, women are prone to gingivitis due to the effect of estrogen. ※. So? Confinement? Oral hygiene is especially important for pregnant women. Not only should you brush your teeth, but you should also insist on brushing your teeth in the morning and evening and rinse your mouth after meals to protect your teeth.
Proper exercise. Insist on necessary physical exercise and do some postpartum gymnastics in the second month, which can restore your physique and figure. ※.
Never have sex. It takes 56 days for a lying-in woman to start sexual life after her body fully recovers, and it is better to start sexual life after her menstruation recovers. ※. Forceps and sutures can only start sexual life after the wound heals and scars form; If it is a caesarean section, it will take at least three months.
Lecture on health education for pregnant women 3
First, establish a maternal health care book before pregnancy 12 weeks, and do the first pregnancy check. Establish maternal health care account books in the community health service center where the maternal household registration is located or where she lives for a long time. The services mainly include: physical examination (including gynecology), basic blood pressure measurement, pelvic measurement, determination of pregnancy size, routine hematuria, blood type, blood sugar, routine leucorrhea, liver function, syphilis screening, HIV detection and other auxiliary examinations. Screening, registration and treatment of high-risk factors of pregnant women, health education and guidance during pregnancy, etc. Second, prenatal examination during pregnancy
Before 24 weeks of pregnancy, prenatal examination should be conducted in the community health service center where the pregnant woman has her domicile or long-term residence. After 24 weeks of pregnancy, the pregnant woman was referred to the obstetric hospital where she planned to give birth for prenatal examination.
Main contents:
1, prenatal examination, screening and evaluation of high-risk factors According to the contents of maternal health books,
Dealing with pregnancy complications and complications.
2. Follow-up content: Measure pregnant women's weight, blood pressure and urine protein; Ask pregnant women if there is anything special.
Situation (ask about fetal movement count after 30 weeks of pregnancy); Check the fetal position and listen to the fetal heart; The fetus is exposed to the basin first, etc. ; Measure the height and abdominal circumference of uterus, draw a pregnancy map and judge the growth and development of fetus; Check the edema of lower limbs. Routine blood tests and liver function tests were performed in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, and B-ultrasound and fetal ECG monitoring were performed when necessary.
3. Pregnancy 15 weeks? Prenatal screening 19 weeks is recommended. Prenatal diagnosis is recommended for high-risk pregnant women.
4. Health education includes health and nutrition guidance during pregnancy; Family self-monitoring; Routine complications
Identification and prevention; The benefits of vaginal delivery; Preparation before labor and identification of labor symptoms; Breastfeeding knowledge, etc.
Third, postpartum health care
When a pregnant woman leaves the hospital, the hospital will give the maternal health care book to her family members and send it to the community health service center within three days after discharge. After receiving the Maternal Health Book or the notice of postpartum visit, the postpartum visiting doctor in the community health service center will go to the maternal home to provide services within three days.
Service content: measuring blood pressure and body temperature; Check for breast, uterus, perineum or abdominal wounds. ; Neonatal weighing, skin jaundice, navel, hip examination, abnormal situation handling. Carry out postpartum nutrition, breast-feeding, neonatal bathing methods and infant touching guidance, and give psychological counseling to pregnant women.
Fourth, 42 days after delivery? On the 56th day, the parturient and the baby went to the district maternal and child health care institution for health check-up.
Services: routine blood test, blood pressure measurement, pregnant women's rehabilitation, evaluation of baby's growth and development, and guidance on contraceptive knowledge selection.