From north to south, the annual average sunshine hours increase from less than 1500 hours to more than 2300 hours, the annual total solar radiation is between 4200 and 5400 mj/m2, and the annual average temperature is about 19℃ ~ 24℃. The average sunshine hours in the province 1745.8 hours, and the annual average temperature is 22.3℃. The average temperature in June 5438+ 10 is about 16℃ ~ 19℃, and the average temperature in July is about 28℃ ~ 29℃.
Precipitation Guangdong is rich in precipitation, with an annual average precipitation of 1, 0,300 ~ 2,500mm, and a provincial average of 1, 777mm. The spatial distribution of rainfall is basically high in the south and low in the north. Affected by topography, there are three rainy centers on the windward slope of the mountain, which are Enping, Haifeng and Qingyuan, which are conducive to the formation of precipitation due to water vapor uplift, with an average annual precipitation of more than 2200 mm. The average annual precipitation in Luoding Basin and Xingmei Basin on leeward slope, as well as the coastal Leizhou Peninsula and Chaoshan Plain with little rain is less than 1400 mm ... The precipitation is unevenly distributed during the year, and the precipitation in flood season from April to September accounts for more than 80% of the whole year. The interannual variation is also great, and the precipitation in rainy years is more than twice that in dry years.
Floods and droughts often occur, and the impact of typhoons is more frequent. Low temperature and rainy weather in spring, cold dew wind in autumn and cold wave frost from late autumn to early spring are also frequent disastrous weather in Guangdong.
The Four Seasons Characteristics of Spring
Spring (March-May) is a transitional season, and the temperature and precipitation are on the rise. It is precisely because this period of time is a season of alternating cold and warm, so it is very unstable. In some years, there will be bright spring, and in some years, there will be continuous low temperature, rainy and cold weather in spring; In some years, because the rainy season comes late, there may be persistent drought. However, judging from the perennial situation, it began to enter the rainy season in April, and various places successively entered the pre-flood season.
summer
In summer (June-August), due to the influence of ocean air mass, southerly winds generally blow, bringing abundant rain. June is the peak of rainfall in the first flood season in Guangdong, and there are many opportunities for heavy rain in various places. At the same time, June ~ 10 is the main period when tropical cyclones affect Guangdong, and more than 89% of tropical cyclones affect Guangdong during this period. According to the statistics of 1949 ~ 1998, there are 7 ~ 8 tropical cyclones affecting Guangdong every year, and 3 ~ 4 tropical cyclones landing in Guangdong, accounting for 40% of the tropical cyclones landing in China. The hottest month in a year is July, and the average monthly temperature in the province reaches 28 ~ 29℃. The extreme maximum temperature once reached 42℃ (1August 953 12, Shaoguan city). The extreme maximum temperature in Guangzhou for many years was 38.7℃, which appeared on1August, 953 12.
autumn
In autumn (September ~165438+1October), cold air began to affect Guangdong, and the temperature gradually dropped. At this time, the weather is fine, there is little precipitation, and the dry season begins. The number of tropical cyclone activities decreased. 165438+ 10 is not the most active season for tropical cyclones, but it is still possible. On average, a tropical cyclone landed in Guangdong in 10 years. Of the five typhoons that landed in the past, four landed in the early stage, and the landing sites were concentrated in western Guangdong (five typhoons landed and four landed in western Taishan).
winter
In winter (12 ~ February), northeast wind or north wind prevails. After a long journey, the dry and cold air from the north was warmed and wet, and its intensity was greatly weakened. In Guangdong, the wind speed has become smaller and the temperature is higher, so the winter is warmer. However, when the cold wave comes, frost weather will also occur in individual years. Winter is the dry season in Guangzhou, with less precipitation, sunny weather and plenty of sunshine. The month of 65438+ 10 is the most Leng Yue, the monthly average temperature is 9 ~ 16℃, and the temperature difference between north and south is above 7℃. The extreme minimum temperature was recorded as-7.3℃ (195565438+10/2, Meixian). The extreme minimum temperature in Guangzhou for many years is 0℃, and the general situation of climate in Guangdong Province appears in1February, 957 1 1. In Guangzhou, although winter is influenced by the cold air in the south, the average temperature in 65438+ 10 is still 13.5℃ due to the low latitude, so there is no winter in the climate sense.