According to historical records, Lao Tzu was born in Qurenli, Chuku County, Li Xiang. Last name is Li, first name is Er, and the word is Bo Yang. His name is Shi Yue, and his historical name is Zhou Shoucang Stone. Confucius, at the right time, paid tribute to Laozi. Laozi said: What Confucius said, people and bones are rotten, only words are heard. A gentleman sometimes drives, but he is always tired of walking (Peng Lei, Dai Li also, wearing it for the first time, saying that there is no car cover. )。 I heard that Liang Jia is hiding in Xu Ruo. A gentleman is virtuous, but he looks like a fool. Get rid of children's arrogance and lust, attitude and lust are bad for children's health. If I sue my son, it's just ... Confucius went and said to his disciples, Birds, I know they can fly. Fish, I know it can swim. Beast, I know it can walk. The walker can be a net. The swimmer can be nylon. The flyer can be Tai. As for the dragon, I didn't know it took the wind and cloud to heaven. I saw Lao Zi today, and he is still a dragon. Laozi cultivates self-cultivation, and his knowledge is to hide himself in unknown places. After living in Zhou for a long time, I saw Zhou's decline and went. Guan Ling Yin said, "My son will be hidden and he will write a book for me." . So I wrote a book, said more than five thousand words of morality, and left, not knowing what to do. Laozi was born in King Ding of Zhou for three years, and his mother was born at the age of 80, so he was called Laozi.

Laozi was born around 570 BC, about 20 years older than Confucius, and he was his teacher. Lao Dan is a royal family. "Zuo Zhuan Ding Gong's Four Years" said: "Wu Wang's mother and brother are eight, Zhou Gong is a big butcher, Shu Kang is a sheep herder, and the season is vulgar, and the fifth uncle has no official." This family inherited the common position of the Zhou Dynasty. "Historical Records Biography of Guan Cai's Family" said: "Wu Wang collapsed, became king, became a royal family, and the season was set in nature." Jean Valjean is an exiled country, so Ji is also called the exiled monarch, and Lao Dan is the heir to this fact, so he is also called the old gentleman. Benji is Wang Cheng's uncle, so it is also the eldest son of Benji, Wang Cheng's uncle, who was removed in the twelfth year of mourning for the public in Zhao Gong. He always called Wang Wen's old son Yongji, and Lao Zi's real name was Lao Yoko, from which the word came. He is known as Yoko academically, Bai Yang among nobles, Lao Dan among teachers and Laojun among officials. When Wang Zichao went to Renli, Chu, he was called Lao Laizi. Because the fief was located in Peize, Pengdi (Kaifeng area) in the south, later generations also called him Lao Peng and Peng Zu. "Li Er" was the way that Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty opposed the situation of Huang Lao, and the derogatory meaning of the word "Ji Meng" was reversed, which was not based on the pre-Han Dynasty. Lao Tzu, once a king, left Zhou to ask his ancestors to return to their ancestral home in Qin, where he died.

I ride a green cow.

The Tao Te Ching we see now was called Zhou Shu by Han Feizi in the Warring States Period, Shangzhi Ching by Qin Shilu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Laozi in the Han Dynasty. Historical records began to say that "Laozi wrote books from top to bottom, expressing moral righteousness." Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty took Huang Zi and Lao Zi as the classics, and Yang Xiong's Records of the King of Shu said that "Lao Zi wrote the moral classics for Guan Yinxi" and "I was forced to leave my moral classics". It can be seen that the earliest title of Laozi's text is Han Feizi's Zhou Shu. In the Zhou Dynasty, Shi Kuang of the State of Jin called it "the cultivation of righteous books", and the King of Jin and Zhou called it "the establishment of righteous laws". Recently, the archaeological excavation in Zhengdian Village, Guoyang County, Anhui Province unearthed Laozi's residence in Chu State. There are some fragments about the tomb of Yin, the tomb of the Virgin, and the stone statue of the sage Laozi, such as the pottery shaft lining in the Spring and Autumn Period, as well as "characters" and "mixed yuan and lost life".

According to these clues, it is easy to find the relationship between the text of Laozi 2520 years ago and Zhou's "shooting-free" clock. Because the order of Zhou Shu's copying and casting on the round bell was different from that of the six books at that time, the silk book De Jing, which has been handed down to this day, precedes the Tao Jing, and other biographies precede the De Jing. There are no answers for other reasons.

Laozi's social philosophy is broad and profound, advocating arguing without arguing, knowing without creating, and being king, with the aim of perfecting social spirit and opportunity construction. He is a rare master of social dialectical logic at all times.

Sixth, the story of Laozi

1, Lao Tzu was born

In the summer and June of 577 BC, the monarch of the State of Song died, and the right teacher Huayuan was in charge of state affairs. The Huan family headed by Zuo Shi has long been interested in politics, but it is helpless and unable to do so. See * * * male died today, want to take the opportunity to uprising. Because the plot was not secret, the wind leaked, and the Dai family headed by Huayuan was expelled from the Song State. Since then, he was appointed as the left ambassador, old Zuo Wei Sima and Le Yi as Scott; Li Xinjun, this is Gong Ping Song.

Shi Yu led more than 200 Huan people to flee to Chu, where they lived for three years. In the summer and June of 573 BC, the State of Chu attacked the State of Song, conquered Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) of the State of Song, and made Yushi and Yufu the guarding city, leaving 300 chariots to help defend the city.

King Song Ping summoned his courtiers to discuss this matter and asked, "The enemy is strong and we are weak, and the Chu soldiers invaded Pengcheng, which is my confidant! If you sit back and watch, there will be endless trouble! Who will pull out this fortress for me? " As soon as the voice fell, a humanitarian came out of the class: "I am willing to go!" " When Wang Ping looked at it, he saw that the man was two feet tall, with heavy eyebrows, broad cheeks and broad shoulders, and powerful. It turned out to be Sima Lao Zuo. Huayuan expressed concern and said to Ping Wang, "Fish and stones are cunning, but fish houses are ferocious. Pengcheng has a strong force, with 300 chariots and 3,000 guards. Although Sima is heroic, vigorous, brave and difficult to win. " Lao Zuo said according to the truth: "Fish and stones are worms that eat books; In the fish house, a dog is tied with a chicken. What are you afraid of? Lao Zuo is willing to take his family around Pengcheng, and the city can't refuse to return it! " Wang Ping promised. Zuo Wei, an old general, led twenty thousand troops to recover Cheng Peng.

It is said that Song besieged Pengcheng and attacked it day and night. The old assistant was brave and powerful, and took the lead, which greatly boosted Song Jun's morale. Within half a month, the defenders of Cheng Peng were in danger. One day, Fish Stone and Fish House were supervising the battle on the city. When they saw that there were many Song soldiers and soldiers, all of them were brave, and everyone scrambled to climb the city. I saw another general, wearing a silver helmet and armor, riding a white horse, galloping on the battlefield and dispatching troops. A Chu will ask, "Whose song will this be?" Fish stone replied: "It's the new Sima and the old assistant, the siege generals." Chu generals talked about it one after another: "The siege commander did not look at the enemy's position behind the army, but suddenly attacked from left to right in front of the army. How can he not boost morale! In this way, Pengcheng is too dangerous! " But Shi Yu is a calculating man. He said to his men, "things will fail, things will fail." There are many examples in history. How do we know that our army will fail? " Lao Zuo is brave and fearless, which is the foundation of his success; Self-willed and arrogant, which is the root of his failure. How do you know his army will win? "General chu asked," Zuo's seems to have a plan. What's the good plan? " Fish stone replied: "The two armies confronted each other. Whether they are handsome in the front or in the back, we must play it by ear. Now that Song Bing is attacking the city, the master should come forward and gallop with an arrow. This is a military taboo! I have a subtotal. If we stick to the plan, it's hard to say whether Song Jun will succeed. "

It turned out that Shi Yu had his men stab Lao Zuo in the back. Lao Zuo was supervising the war in front of the army when suddenly an arrow flew in and stabbed him five inches in the chest. Unfortunately, he fell off his horse and died. Song Jun leaderless, flight, scattered.

Lao Zuo's family is in a tent in Song Ying, with several maids, dozens of generals and dozens of guards. Suddenly I heard that Lao Zuo had been killed, and I saw an army coming like a flood. Many families will drive in a hurry to protect the old lady from escaping. And fight and flee until the evening, although the pursuer

Xuanyuan Hall, Taiqing Palace, Lu Yi (Li Peng's memorial tablet "Laozi's hometown" is hung.

No, there are only two maids and a coachman left by the old lady. Home will not dare to stop, Dai Yue in the dark, desperate, ran along the southwest. At dawn the next day, I came to a remote village and asked the villagers about the way to Songdu. They all shook their heads and said they didn't know Home will only know that it should go west, but I am already in the south. A group of four people walked along the path for seven days, but they still didn't see the capital of song dynasty, but they came to Xiangyi (now Lu Yidong, Henan Province). Walking, the old lady suddenly felt a stomachache. It turns out that the old lady was pregnant in July. Old Zuo Wei kept his promise in front of you and fought with him as soon as possible with a winning heart. At this time, the old lady was defeated, lost her husband, fled to other countries, was anxious, tired, and even had fetal movement in her abdomen, and the pain was unbearable. When the servant girl panics, the family will stop at the roadside and rush to the village to find the old woman. However, after a while, I heard the cry of "wow, wow" from the caravan, and a premature baby boy was born. This is Lao Zuo's son-Lao Zi. I was born with a weak head, wide eyebrows and wide ears, bright eyes like abyss beads and a double nose. Because its ears grow up, it is named "Yong"; Because he was born in the Year of the Tiger (57 BC1), his relatives and neighbors also called him Xiao Li, which means "Little Tiger". Because people in Jianghuai area call "cat" "raccoon dog", which sounds the same as "Li Er". Over time, Lao Dan's nickname "Beaver" became the famous "Li Er", which was handed down from generation to generation.

Seeing the poor mother and son, the midwife let a family of five live in her house. Lao Zhang runs a pharmacy for a living. His surname is Chen, and his name is Chen Laodi, so everyone calls him old lady Chen Mama. Mother Chen, childless, kind and warm, gave up three west wing rooms to live with the old lady's family. When the old lady was in danger, she was grateful to meet this kind person. Although displaced in the war, but after all, a large family, carrying soft clothes is enough. In addition, the family will often help Mr. Chen make a living, and the two maids will take care of the housework and make a living. Since then, the wife and children of Lao Zuo, the war general of the Song Dynasty, have been living in the state of Chen.

2. Smart teenagers

Lao Dan was very clever since he was a child. He was quiet and eager to learn. He often pesters his family to listen to the rise and fall of the country, the success or failure of the war, sacrifices and divination, and stargazing. The old lady wanted her son to become a dragon, so she invited an old gentleman from Shang Rong who was proficient in the rites and music of Yin merchants. Shang Rong knows astronomy and geography and is deeply respected by the Lao Dan family.

One day, Professor Shang Rong said, "Man is precious between heaven and earth, and king is the foundation among ten thousand people." Lao Dan asked, "What is heaven?" The gentleman said, "Heaven is clear on earth." Lao Dan asked again, "What is a clean person?" Mr Tao; "Qing people are empty." "What's up in space?" Mr. Wang said, "At the top of space, the wise are also wise." "What's on it?" "Above the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty was clearer." Lao Dan asked again. "What is the end of the Qing Dynasty?" The teacher said: "The sages have not been passed on, and the ancient books have not been published. Fools dare not talk nonsense." In the evening, Lao Dan asked his mother with his doubts, but she could not answer; Ask the general, home will be speechless. So I looked up at the sun, moon and stars and thought about what the sky was like. I couldn't sleep all night.

Another day, Professor Shang Lao said, "In Liuhe, there is no figure in heaven and earth. There is a sky in the sky, a land in the earth, human relations, and physical properties with the sky, so the sun, the moon and the stars are feasible; There is geography, so mountains and rivers can become; Some people are related, so they can be divided into generations. It has physical properties, so it is long and brittle. " Lao Dan asked, "Who drives the sun, the moon and the stars? Mountains and rivers, who made them? Who decided to divide the generations? Long and short, who can tell? " The gentleman said, "God did it." Lao Dan asked. "Why can God do it?" Mr. Wang said, "God has the power to change. The work of creation can be done. " Lao Dan asked, "Where does the power of God come from? When will the power of God be ready? " The teacher said, "I didn't pass it on, and the ancient books were not published." I dare not talk nonsense. " In the evening, Lao Dan asked her mother doubtfully, but she couldn't answer. Ask the general, home will be speechless. So I thought about things and touched things, and I didn't know the taste of rice for three days.

Another day, Professor Shang said: "The monarch is the person who manages the world on behalf of heaven; The people and the monarch's land are also heavily guarded. If you don't do God's will, it will be abolished, and if people don't do it, they will be guilty. This is the way to govern the country. " Lao Dan asked, "People's livelihood is not the king, and it is against the king's pastoral management. Your birth was providence. What brought you back to God? " Mr. Wang said, "God sent you to manage the world for heaven. Sheng Jun is like being outside; If you are not here, your life will not be affected. God didn't receive it when you were born. " Lao Dan asked: "God has the ability to change and create. Why not make a king who obeys orders?" The master said, "The sage has not been passed down, and the ancient books have not been published. I dare not talk nonsense. " In the evening, Lao Dan asked his mother with his doubts, but she could not answer; Ask the general, home will be speechless. So, I asked the people of Xiangyi to travel all over the land of Xiangyi. When it rains, I don't know how wet it is and how to blow it in the wind.

One day, Professor Shang Lao said, "The most important thing in the world is harmony. If you lose peace, you have to pay the price. If you pay for it, you will be disabled. If you are disabled, you will get hurt. If you get hurt, it will be harmful. Therefore, if you benefit others, you will benefit yourself, and if you harm others, you will harm yourself. " Lao Dan asked: "The world is not harmonious and people are suffering great harm. Why can't it be cured? " Mr. Wang said: "Civil strife is a small loss of peace; If you lose a small sum, you will get a small disaster, but you can cure it. The struggle between countries is the loss of great peace; If you lose a lot of money, you will get a catastrophe. When disaster strikes, how can we handle it ourselves? " Lao Dan asked, "If you can't manage yourself, why can't God heal you?" The teacher said: "The sages have not been passed on, and the ancient books have not been published. Fools dare not talk nonsense. " In the evening, Lao Dan asked his mother with his doubts, but she could not answer; Ask the general, home will be speechless. So, I visited people in Xiangyi and read books in Xiangyi. I don't know whether it's hot or cold in summer.

3. Go to school for a week

After teaching for three years, Mr. Shang came to bid farewell to the old lady and said, "I have little knowledge, but I have great wit. I have taught for three years."

I came to say goodbye today, not because my old professor has no end, nor because I am not diligent in my studies. Actually, I've learned everything. Desire is endless, but not sleepy. Yong Er, the son of Zhiyuan Tuhong; Xiangyi, a remote and isolated place. If you want to remove impurities and turn them into jade, you need to go to Zhoudu for further study.

Zhou Du is a sea of classics, a cloud of sages, a sacred place in the world, and it is difficult to achieve great things unless you enter its territory. Grandmother Jia was puzzled when she heard this: A horse is twenty-three years old, and Song is still difficult to return. Last week was not like nine days. Second, the old man only left this one. How can he rest assured that he is alone? I hesitate to know how to answer. Unexpectedly, Mr. Wang guessed it was difficult. He quickly said, "To tell you the truth, my brother is a doctor from Zhou Taixue. He is knowledgeable, broad-minded, loves the sages, cultivates people for a living, and is willing to help and recommend them. The figures of prodigies in China are all elected by the people. Do not provide food and clothing, treat them as their own children.

After listening to the old man's words, the doctor knew that Yong was studious, thoughtful and intelligent. He has long wanted to see him. Recently, several domestic servants passed by here, especially told Mrs. Shu that they planned to take Yong 'er to Zhou. This is a golden opportunity, please cherish it! Grandmother Jia could not help but feel mixed feelings. "。 Sponsored by Mr. Xi, Yong Er is destined to enter the week and has the road to the Dragon Gate; Sad mother and son, when can we meet? Thought of here, Yong Er seems to have been thousands of miles away, so I feel sad, tears streaming down my face. Lao Dan threw herself into her mother's arms and sobbed, "Mother doesn't have to be sad. I will never disappoint my teacher's high hopes. When my career is successful, I will definitely pick up my mother as soon as possible! " Say that finish, mother and son embrace and cry.

After crying for a long time, the mother and son turned from joy to joy, which was recommended by Teacher Xie. Three days later, the whole family and Mr. Shang sent Lao Dan five miles away. Lao Dan bowed one by one, mounted his horse and walked west with the doctor's servant. The old lady looked at Yong Er from a distance, then got into the car gloomily and returned gloomily. "

I went to see Zhou, went to see a doctor, went to imperial academy, and learned astronomy, geography and human feelings. Poetry, books, book changes, calendars, rituals, music, everything, cultural relics, laws, history books, everything. He made great progress in three years. The doctor also recommended him to be an official in the Tibetan room. The sutra depository is a collection of ancient books in the Zhou Dynasty, which is full of articles and books from all over the world. Lao Dan is among them, such as Youlong entering the sea, and the sea is wide by Yue Long; Like an eagle spreading its wings in the blue sky, the sky is high and birds can fly. Hungry for food, Lao Dan read widely and gradually got better, knowing the source of rites and music and the purpose of virtue. Three years later, he moved to keep the history of the Tibetan room, which was well-known and spread internationally.

4. Confucius wants a gift

Lao Dan has lived on Sundays for a long time. His knowledge is getting deeper and deeper, and his reputation is getting louder and louder. In the Spring and Autumn Period, learned people were called "Zi" to show respect. Therefore, people call Lao Dan "Lao Zi".

One day in 538 BC, Confucius said to his disciple Nangong Shu Jing, "The Tibetan room of the Zhou Dynasty guarded Lao Dan, making the past serve the present, knowing the source of rites and music and the importance of virtue. I want to ask Zhou for advice today. Would you like to go with me? " The nangongshan ShuJing readily agreed, and immediately report to lujun. Lujun allows this. Send a car, two horses, one son and one imperial palace, and Nangong Jingshu will accompany Confucius. I'm glad to see Kong Qiu coming all the way. After the professor left, I invited Kong Qiu to visit Dr. Changhong. Changhong is good at music, giving Kong Qiu music rules and music theory; Kong Qiu's introduction of sacrificial ceremonies, his inspection of missionary sites and the etiquette of temple fairs made Kong Qiu sigh and benefited a lot. Stay a few days. Kong Qiu said goodbye to Lao Tzu. Lao Dan sent him out of the building with a message: "I heard that the rich give people money and justice gives people words. I am neither rich nor expensive, and I have no money to send you; I'd like to send you a few words. In today's world, smart and knowledgeable people are almost dead, because they are good at mocking others' mistakes; Those who talk eloquently and are smart, are always in trouble, just to publicize the evil of others. As a son, don't think highly of yourself; As a minister, don't put yourself first. I hope you remember. " Kong Qiu nodded: "Disciples must keep it in mind!"

When I reached the bank of the Yellow River, I saw the river surging, the turbid waves rolling, and the momentum was like Ma Benteng, the sound was like the roar of tigers, and the sound was like thunder. Standing on the shore, Kong Qiu sighed: "The deceased is like a husband, staying up all night! The water of the Yellow River is rushing, and people's years have passed. The river doesn't know where to go, and life doesn't know where to go? " After listening to Kong Qiu, Lao Tzu said, "Between heaven and earth, life and heaven and earth are one. Heaven and earth are natural things; Life is also a natural thing; People are young, young, strong and old, just like the alternation of spring, summer, autumn and winter in heaven and earth. What is sadness? Born in nature, died in nature, let it be natural, and nature is not chaotic; If you don't let nature run, you will be bound by nature. If fame exists in your heart, you will feel anxious; If you want to stay in your heart, you will have more troubles. " Kong Qiu explained: "I'm worried about the road. I can't do it, I can't do it, I can't do it, I can't stop fighting, I can't cure the country's chaos. So my life is too short to contribute to the world and sigh for the people. "

Laozi said, "Heaven and earth have no push, the sun and the moon are self-evident, the stars are self-ordered, and animals are born without man-made. This is natural, why bother people? " People are born as human beings, so they have nothing, so sharing weal and woe means that there is a natural principle and a natural way. Only by following the principles and ways of nature can the country be autonomous and the people be self-righteous. Why should we talk about rites and music and advocate benevolence and righteousness? It is far from human nature to talk about rites and music and advocate benevolence and righteousness! Just like a person who beats a drum to escape, the bigger the blow, the farther people escape! "

After a pause, Lao Tzu pointed to the Yellow River and said to Kong Qiu, "Why don't you learn the virtue of water?" Kong Qiu said, "What is the virtue of water?" Laozi said: "Being good is like water: water is good for everything without contention, which is the virtue of humility;" Therefore, Jiang Hai can be the king of all the valleys, and if he is good at it, he can also be the king of all the valleys. The water in the world is not weak, and the strong can't win, which is also gentleness; Therefore, softness wins, and weakness wins. Because it has nothing, it can enter without trace, which shows that the teaching without words is also beneficial to inaction. "Kong Qiu suddenly realized:" Sir, this sentence made me suddenly enlightened: people are in water, and water is lonely; Everyone is easy, and water is alone; Everyone is clean, and water is alone. Who can contend with the evil people do? This is why it is good. " Lao Tzu nodded and said, "You can teach me! You can remember: if you don't fight against the world, no one in the world can compete with it, which is to imitate Shuide. Water is more than Tao: Tao is everywhere, water has no disadvantages, avoid heights, never oppose, and be good at its place; The empty place is quiet and unfathomable. Goodness is deep; Losses are inexhaustible, efforts are unrequited, and kindness is also benevolent; You must rotate, you must fold, you must stop, you must flow, you must be kind and trustworthy; Wash the filth, smooth it out, and handle things well; There is a load floating, a clear reference, a strong attack, and a good use of energy; Don't give up day and night, Yingke is backward, and kindness is also good. Therefore, saints can do whatever they want, and saints should change because of things; Wise men govern by doing nothing, while great men live in harmony with the weather. After you come here, besides your desire for appearance, you should be arrogant in words. Otherwise, people will smell it before they arrive, and the wind will move before it arrives, walking in the street like a tiger. Who dares to use you? Kong Qiu said, "Mr. Wang's words came from the heart and entered the disciple's heart and spleen. Disciples have benefited a lot and will never forget it. Disciples will be obedient and tirelessly grateful to the teacher for his kindness. " Say that finish, say goodbye to Lao tze, and reluctantly get on the bus and head for the Nangong.

When they returned to Lu, the disciples asked, "Did you go to see Lao Zi?" Confucius said, "See it!" The disciple asked. "What about Lao Zi?" Confucius said, "Bird, I know it can fly; Fish, I know it can swim; Beast, I know it can walk. Pedestrians can be tied with nets, swimmers can catch them with hooks, and fliers can shoot them with arrows. As for dragons, I don't know why. Dragon riding storm for nine days! I can see Lao Tzu, but is he still a dragon? Knowledge is unfathomable, and interest is high and difficult to know; As a snake bends and stretches at any time, as a dragon changes in time. Lao Dan, you are my teacher! "

On health-preserving classics

It is said that Lao Dan lived in seclusion in the land of Song Dynasty, farming and eating by himself, and weaving and dressing by himself. I don't know his name, but I can't do it myself. People come here in an endless stream, asking about the way of practice, the purpose of learning and the importance of life, so his disciples are all over the world.

There was a disciple named Geng Sangchu, who learned from Laozi and lived in the mountains in the north. After living for three years, the folk customs in the land of fear of the base have changed greatly: men plow with millet, women weave with clothes, each according to his ability, children are naive, the people are harmonious and the world is at peace. Everyone wants to promote Geng Sangchu as monarch. When Gengsang first heard it, he was unhappy and wanted to move. Disciples were puzzled. Geng Sangchu said, "Animals can swallow cars with their mouths open, and the situation can be described as strong. But if it walks alone in the mountains, it will be trapped; A giant fish can swallow a boat with its mouth open, and its strength is great. However, if it jumps on the beach, many ants can eat it. Therefore, birds never tire of the height of the sky, animals never tire of the density of the forest, fish never tire of the depth of the sea, and rabbits never tire of the number of holes. The sky is high and birds can fly; Lin Mi, the beast can hide; The sea is deep enough to hide fish; There are many holes, and rabbits can escape. It's all about protecting your body and living a good life. People who want to keep healthy should gather their shapes and hide their shadows, so they are tireless in humble mediocrity. "

One of Geng Sangchu's disciples, named Nan Rong, is over 30 years old. Today, I listened to Geng Sangchu's talk about keeping in good health and wanted to find a way to keep in good health. Geng Sangchu said, "As the ancients said, a native bee can't hatch a caterpillar, and a Vietnamese chicken can't hatch a swan. Each has its own abilities and limitations. Sancho's talent is limited, not enough to turn you into. Why don't you ask Mr. Song for advice? " Nan Rong bid farewell to Geng Sangchu, braved the wind and snow, trudged for seven days and seven nights, and settled in Lao Dan.

When Nan Rong met Lao Dan, he said, "Disciple Nan Rong, whose qualifications are dull and difficult to understand, came here for advice for seven days and seven nights." Lao Dan asked, "What do you want?" "The way to keep fit." Lao Dan said: "The way to stay healthy is to stay calm and sober. A calm person washes away the dirt in his heart. The dirt in the heart, one is material desire, the other is knowing and seeking. If you want to ask for it, you will be calm; When you are calm, you will naturally move. When you move naturally, there is nothing in your heart, so you can't disturb your heart when you lie down, lie down, get up, walk or stop. Therefore, the road to learning the Tao should be both internal and external; He who gains the Tao forgets both inside and outside. Inside, the heart also; Outside, things are also. In addition to internal and external, internal desire, in addition to external temptation; Those who forget both inside and outside, forget their desires inside and forget things outside. Forgetting by dividing, integrating inside and outside, all belong to nature, so it reaches the Tao! Now, your obsession with learning Tao is also a desire. Get rid of the desire to seek Tao, then your heart will be quiet; Peace of mind, can the road be repaired? Jump first? As soon as I heard it, I struggled to find a way. Relieved, body and mind become cool, open-minded, calm and indifferent. So he thanked Lao Dan and said, "A word from your husband is better than ten years' training. I don't ask for directions now, but I hope to get medical care. "

Lao Dan said: "The classic of health preservation should be in nature. I don't know where to go, but I don't know what to do I follow things, drift with the tide, move with the sun, and be quiet with the sun. If it moves like water, it is as quiet as a mirror, and it should be noisy. This is also a health experience. " Nan Rong asked. "Is this a perfect state?" "No," said Lao Dan. This is the beginning of clearing the mind and entering nature. Enter the realm of perfection, live with animals without being humble, and enjoy with God without being expensive; Don't be unconventional, don't think about strategy, and don't worry about it; Come without knowing what you want and go without knowing what you want. "South rong asked," is this the way to the border? "Lao Dan Road." Not really. Standing between heaven and earth, like a dead branch; The heart is in form, like a burnt leaf. In this way, the sun is like fire without feeling hot, the snow is falling without knowing cold, and the halberd can't hurt, and the tiger and leopard can't hurt. As a result, disaster does not come and happiness does not come. Without blessing, all the joys and sorrows have been forgotten. "

Re-awarded to Kong Qiu

It is said that Kong Qiu is different from Lao Dan. In the blink of an eye, it will be seventeen or eighteen years. At the age of fifty-one, I haven't learned the way. Hearing that he had returned to Song's seclusion, he took his disciples to visit Laozi.

When I saw Kong Qiu visiting, I lifted him up in the main room and asked, After more than ten years, I heard that you have become a great talent in the north. What do you think of this visit? "Kong Qiu leaned down and said," I am a poor student. Although I am good at thinking and studying hard, I have been wandering in the air for more than ten years, but I have never entered the gate of the avenue. So I came to ask for advice. Lao Tzu said, "If you want to see the road, you must swim at the beginning of everything.". Inside the world, outside the world. Heaven and earth, the sun, the moon and the mountains are different in shape and quality. The same person lives and dies with nature, and stops with nature. Knowing its difference is to see its appearance; To know that they are all the same is to know that they are the same. If you look the same and there is no difference, you can swim at the beginning of things. At the beginning of things, they are mixed into one, invisible and asexual, no different. " Kong Qiu asked, "What's the fun of seeing similarities? "Lao Tzu said," If we look at their similarities, everything will be the same. Me, too. I have my own rights and wrongs. Therefore, life and death can be regarded as day and night, fortunes, good or bad luck, etc. It's not expensive, it's not cheap, it's not honorable, it's like an ancient well, it's its own way and it's fun. Why are you unhappy? "

When Kong Qiu heard about it, he felt that he was nothing, and found that his reputation was like dust. What form were you before you thought about yourself in the afterlife? What is your honor? What skin is it after the death of the four seasons? What is the difference? So, the heart of seeking justice and passing on gifts disappeared, and I was relieved, carefree and carefree. "Lao Tzu went on to say," The Tao is as deep as the sea, as high as the mountain, all over the world, all-encompassing, all-encompassing and all-encompassing! Tao, born in heaven and earth, does not fade, and raises everything without want; The sky is vast, the sun and the moon are in line, the seasons are orderly, and everything takes shape. "When Kong Qiu heard it, he felt like floating in the clouds, diving into the sea, entering the mountains and absorbing objects. Heaven and I are one, and everything is their own. He was relaxed and happy, and couldn't help admiring: "What a big width! Hiro Boundless! I have lived for fifty-one years, and I only know benevolence, righteousness and propriety. I'm afraid Yuhuan is so empty and vast! Have fun and talk to you later! Talk to you later? When I saw that Kong Qiu had entered the gate of the avenue, Kan Kan said, "A saint lives in the world, but he doesn't come back when he is in trouble. He moves things instead of keeping them, and goes with the flow and lets things be natural. Reconciliation and obedience are moral; Those who follow the wind also get the word. " Kong Qiu heard this, and if the cloud fluttered, it would go with the wind; If water flows, it will move. Xi said, "Slow down! Idle! Floating on the sea by boat and traveling on land by car. Enter together, stop together. Why do you want to take your place? Gentleman's nature is the same, and goodness lies in personal leave! Wonderful! Wonderful! Talk to you later! Talk to you later? Lao Tzu added: "At the beginning of the universe, everything gasified, gasified and destroyed. Life, gas gathering; When people die, they lose their breath. Life between heaven and earth is as sudden as a blink of an eye. Everything is full of vitality, but nothing else; All kinds of people have changed a lot, and they can't help but have something before they start. The birth of things, from scratch; The death of things, from there to nothing. Yes, gas is visible; No, gas is dispersed and invisible. There is qi. Nothing is also qi, and everything is qi, so life and death are also in one breath. Isn't it strange that the living are not immortal, but people are happy to see life and sad to see death? People's death is like releasing the bondage of the body, getting rid of the entanglement of temperament and returning to the original position from the temporary world. People are far away from the original, such as wandering away from home; Death is to return to nature, like a wanderer returning home, so life is unhappy and death is not sad. Those who gain the Tao regard life and death as one, living for joy and dying for interest; Regard right and wrong as the same, right and wrong, right and wrong; It is neither cheap nor expensive to regard the noble and the humble as a whole; Regard honor and disgrace as equality, honor and disgrace. Why? Standing on the avenue, we can see the problem fundamentally. Life and death, right and wrong, dignity and shame are all artificial values, and they are also in a state of instantaneous change. In the end, it makes no difference. If you know this avenue, you will not worry about it. The sun and the moon alternate, the earth shakes, the wind howls and the tsunami, and Lei Zhen is calm. "

Hearing this, Kong Qiu felt that he was a magpie, flying in the branches; I feel like a fish, wandering in the rivers and lakes: I feel like a bee, gathering honey and flowers; I feel that I am a person, seeking Tao from Lao Dan. I can't help but be open-minded and say, "Stand at 30, but don't be confused at 40. Now I don't know what nature is until I am fifty-one! If you make me a magpie, you will follow the nature of magpie, fish, bee and human. Magpie, fish, bees and people are different, but they are the same according to natural changes; Change according to nature, that is, go and pass; Standing in the difference and wandering in the realm of Datong is also suitable for the avenue. I seek the Tao every day, but I don't know that I am with me! " Said, and got up to say goodbye.