The so-called "conception" is the theme of the article determined by the author. The value of an article lies in whether it can make people feel the depth of the author's reading and understanding of life.
Forward-looking articles are thought-provoking and touching; Mediocre articles are empty and plain. Therefore, determining a good "conception" is the first problem that every author must consider when writing.
How to determine a good idea? L, the idea must be "positive". Whether we know the society, taste emotions or analyze our own nature, we should take the correct outlook on life, world outlook and values as the cornerstone to form a correct and thoughtful theme.
Only by writing in this way can there be completeness, turbulence, clarity, sincerity and faith, perfection and beauty. Only in this way, whether you want to praise or expose criticism, will be understood and recognized by readers.
On the contrary, if you write with a decadent, negative or extreme and rebellious attitude, even if the materials are novel, the angles are clever and eloquent, it will only disgust readers. There is a story: a student didn't listen carefully in class and drew a clown in the textbook.
The teacher found out, because he usually relies on literary talent, so he directed him to draw a poem. Helpless, he had to do so.
After a while, he handed in his paper: "winking and laughing, homesickness is like a dream, others ignore ridicule, just seeking a moment of happiness." After reading it, the teacher said, "The description is similar, but it is a bit decadent.
I'll sing a song, too. Let's comment. "After that, I wrote:" There is love in my heart, and I want to hold on to my love, regardless of my sadness, but leave happiness on earth. "
The students were completely convinced. It can be seen that the same content and position are different, but the ideological realm is different, and the expression effect is naturally different.
If we look at life with a positive development vision, understand life with a healthy and civilized attitude, and pursue truth, goodness and beauty, then our thoughts will be pure, our concepts will be correct, and the appeal and shock of the article will naturally be contained in it. 2. Strive for "newness".
Only by seeing elegance in vulgarity, showing strangeness in vulgarity, bringing forth new ideas and enriching associations can the value of the article soar. But if you mistakenly think that "new" is weird or even absurd, then you have stepped into a misunderstanding.
Materials from life, naturally not particularly bizarre. It is "new" to see what others have not seen, to think of what others have not thought of, or to reveal the philosophy that others have turned a blind eye to.
There is an exercise: when a student meets a red light at school, his classmates tell him to take the path, and he suddenly finds it convenient and time-saving. From this, he thinks that he often gets stuck in his study, and his study method is inflexible, and he realizes that he should be good at using his head and draw inferences from others. This article is admirable for its novel and ingenious conception.
Following the trend, learning from others, or empty talk, is a common problem in writing. Everyone will have their own unique views on various things in life. Combining them with specific situations can extract novel ideas and enhance the value of the article.
3. The thinking is still "smart". If you want to express your ideas naturally and appropriately, you must pursue "cleverness".
Empty talk is boring, and trivial details are disdainful. If we want to make trivial things into the carrier of love philosophy, we need to skillfully connect them, sing a "bounce pipa", make up a "new story", perform a "satirical sketch", lead a "ridiculous farce", and even "combine" formulas and theorems in mathematics and physics to make our thoughts smaller and our words more beautiful.
In the composition of the college entrance examination entitled "Honesty", a candidate skillfully quoted the story of the Three Kingdoms with the title of "The Death of Red Rabbit Horse", and commented on Lu Bu and Guan Yu respectively under the excuse of Guan Yu riding a red rabbit horse, expressing his profound understanding of "Honesty". The theme is clear, the expression is ingenious and amazing. Even if it is a popular idea, as long as you can choose the right expression angle, "make a clear path and sneak in."
Expressing your feelings naturally, leaving no trace of an axe, can also win "skillfully". Life is a book that you can never finish reading. If you browse in a hurry, you will only have a little knowledge and be at a loss.
If you are willing to stop for a while, feel with your heart, read a chapter, a paragraph or even just a short paragraph carefully ... to appreciate, dig, associate and feel, then you will definitely have an epiphany and be inspired. Second, carefully select materials. Some students think that they have a narrow range of activities, too little knowledge accumulation and poor living materials, so they have nothing to say and nothing to write.
Some people even think that nothing earth-shattering has happened in their lives, or that there are plots worthy of close-up in big books, so they can only make up stories to cope with their homework. They also call it "fiction". In fact, everything in the world is colorful and complicated, and life is varied. You can draw it.
As long as the true feelings are turned into clear intentions, there is nothing in the world that cannot be drawn, and there is nothing in the world that cannot be said. As long as you pay attention to observation and detailed description, even the smallest thing can be vivid and touching.
However, it is not something that can be used indiscriminately. The choice of material directly affects the attraction of content, emotional appeal and expressive force of thought.
Therefore, careful selection of materials is a necessary part of writing a good article. We are all ordinary people, and all experiences are ordinary things. It is unrealistic to fantasize about writing anecdotes to attract readers, because the falsehood between the lines can't express your true feelings at all, let alone inspire others' emotions.
If you can't even touch yourself, how can you expect to touch others? Therefore, the selection of materials should be based on small things, and should be constructed as a carrier of true feelings and feelings, expressing concrete and sensible thoughts in a short space. Choose to write something very human in life. The smaller, the more vivid and real the details of life are. Of course, if you can write an ordinary thing from a brand-new angle, it will make readers feel surprised and reasonable, and it will make people shine and sit up and take notice.
Third, the overall design has good ideas and good materials, which does not mean that there are good articles. Expressing rich thoughts and feelings through a vivid story is the basic way of narrative writing.
To organize this story.
2. How to write a critical composition Every time I go to my grandmother's house, I think there are many trees near their house, especially willows.
Some people like osmanthus trees, because every late autumn, she will give off a pleasant fragrance. Some people like pine trees because they are evergreen all year round and are too dense to be blown into the wind. Some people like poplar because its trunk has a thin light. Green is rippling on the lush branches and leaves. Some people like it ... but I like willow, the messenger of spring.
Willow branches hang down like locks of hair that girls have just washed. The spring breeze is blowing, and the willows covered with goose yellow tender clothes are swaying soft branches, dancing gracefully and singing the song of urging farming. Their waist is so soft, the breeze lifts their lower tips together, and their posture is neat and beautiful. Silently, I brushed it down again, like a little girl's long hair
Standing on the roadside, looking around, these willows are like brides, with strings of green pearls hanging on their heads and fluttering in the wind.
Beautiful spring is coming. Miss Chun took off the gray clothes of weeping willows and put on a light green coat. Let the soft branches dance on the green jade clouds. Tender branches are like many delicate little hands caressing the girls in spring happily. Sometimes they dance gracefully with Miss Chun, and sometimes they perform wonderful acrobatics perpendicular to the ground. Every movement seems to be the vitality given to it by Miss Chun. "If you have a heart, you will not be fragrant." Although the appearance is soft and weak, it has strong vitality. It's not easy to survive on only one wicker.
We should do the same. We should strive for survival and development in the struggle and never stop fighting. Once you stop, you will ruin the bright future of your life.
3. What articles do you read that are helpful to your composition or Chinese? Knowing how others comment can increase your reading comprehension, improve your writing ability bit by bit, and increase your social experience.
For reading questions? What you have learned from it, you should understand with your heart, what the story you are reading is about and why.
Reading newspapers helps to answer reading questions.
Read some magazines such as Readers and Youth Digest, collect famous sayings and aphorisms, and discover great philosophies from small stories.
No matter what you read and perfect it, you can feel it and give examples.
Also, after reading your composition several times, you can find the shortcomings of your prose, increase your rhetorical devices, make the article beautiful and vivid, and then develop your own habit of commenting, that is, after reading the story, you will have your own opinions and opinions, and over time you will have something to say.
When I was reading a novel, I felt that I had something to write.
Improving composition is really the ability to revise, and you should practice more at ordinary times. I suggest that you write your own thoughts after reading some articles with deep feelings.
I hope you can do it and stick to it. I wish you, you can read more, and news analysis (newspaper) can be read after the article.
4. Is reading prose helpful for writing novels? Prose is rich in rhetoric and exquisite in rhetoric. You are right, so you should learn this advantage. After all, writing a novel is not about ignoring literary talent but only paying attention to the story. Only with vivid writing can your novel shine brilliantly. And if your article is plain, it will only greatly reduce the readability of your novel and even make readers feel bored.
Moreover, novel writing depends not only on the richness of stories or plots, but also on too many elements, even the most profound in all literature. Maybe you have read many wonderful novels, so have you noticed that there are many famous novels with more or less poems written by the author? This is a very typical example. I think this is also the classic of the novel. This is the strength of many people and the style of everyone.
Also, there is a classic cliche in prose, you should know, which is called "the form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered." This point should also be used for reference or attention when writing novels.
Finally, seeing that you mentioned excellent composition in your question, I can tell you for sure that the composition score in junior high school or senior high school is related to your writing ability, but it doesn't mean anything. So if you want to write a good novel, don't worry about what is excellent composition, but if you want to improve your composition, you can ask another question and I can answer it for you.
5. How to write a critical article and a favorable paper 1? The proposed topic is the eye of the article and an important part of the article to convey important information.
Being at the top of the article structure, the title of the article will directly affect the reviewer's first impression of the article. The basic requirements for the proposed topic of argumentative paper are: to be eye-catching and comfortable on the basis of accuracy.
It can be vivid, vivid, concise, unique, neat and so on. In short, it is best to stimulate the reader's interest in reading, or to make him feel refreshed.
The title of an argumentative essay should conform to the stylistic characteristics and be clear, so that people can know its purpose at a glance. Articles with distinct views are most popular with reviewers, because they have a clear and transparent sense, can convey the general content of the article, and facilitate reviewers to grasp the basic content of the whole article accurately and quickly.
2. Gorky said: "(at the beginning) it's like setting the tone for music. The tone of the whole song is given by it, and it is also the place where the author spends his time. " The beginning of an argumentative paper should pay attention to "short, fast and beautiful".
To be brief means to be concise. It is best to divide three or two sentences into paragraphs to introduce this theory. A short beginning can avoid verbosity, and short sentences are divided into paragraphs, highlighting the importance of their content in space.
To be quick is to get to the point quickly. It is best to point out the basic ideas or themes of the article in a few sentences. Because there is a "clear center" regulation in the grading standard.
Determining the center at the beginning is conducive to the reviewers' scoring and the author's discussion, avoiding writing taboos such as unclear topics and changing topics halfway. Beautiful means wonderful.
This is also the "phoenix head" mentioned in traditional literary theory. The most prominent function of a wonderful beginning is to attract the examiner and leave a good impression on him.
The beginning of the article should be wonderful, and the argument should be introduced by rhetorical devices such as metaphor, analogy and parallelism. You can also quote famous sayings and tell fables to introduce the topic. Write the first sentence and the last sentence in the middle paragraph. Whether the structure of an argumentative paper is rigorous, whether the organization is clear, whether the argument is rigorous and whether the argument is typical, the key lies in the writing of the middle paragraph.
Structure, organization, arguments and arguments are important rules for marking argumentative essays, so writing argumentative essays should meet these standards as much as possible. Common discussion methods are: the first sentence is a small argument or a transitional sentence connecting the preceding with the following; Mainly focus on small arguments, use appropriate facts and theoretical arguments, or analyze and reason some phenomena in real life; Finally, write a sentence or two summarizing the discussion.
The writing of the first sentence and the last sentence is the most important, which can directly outline the context of the article and show the discussion ideas of the full text. In addition, the overall argumentation structure of the article often uses positive and negative contrast.
As long as many reasons are said from both sides, they can basically be strictly discussed. Skillfully using this composition mode in the examination room can quickly start writing, reduce mistakes and save time.
At the same time, it can make the examiner score the scores above average conveniently according to the scoring standard, and avoid the personal scoring factors that are not conducive to the candidates. 4. A typical and vivid argument is the soul of an argumentative paper, the sub-argument is the skeleton supporting this soul, and the argument is the flesh and blood of an argumentative paper.
It is inconceivable that a person should be full and colorful, with only a soul and skeleton and no flesh and blood. The same argumentative essay can't be called an article only with central arguments and sub-arguments, and it must also have typical and vivid arguments.
Typical arguments refer to representative examples and famous sayings that can fully reflect the essence of things. First of all, ask for truth and be related to the topic.
Secondly, we should abandon the old arguments and use new ones. Some students memorized several classic arguments in their compositions, such as Sima Qian, Madame Curie and Zhang Haidi, and used them from different angles as a kaleidoscope.
In fact, even if these arguments are typical, they are not noticeable. On the contrary, it will be better to choose the new argument that "people have me without me, and people have me", which will make commentators feel fresh when reading.
In addition, some students are used to reasoning with ancient examples, and the whole article fails to connect with reality, has no running water of the times, and cannot achieve the purpose of full reasoning. It is best to quote fashionable sentences and examples that the media generally pay attention to to to assist reasoning, strengthen the pertinence and sense of the times of reasoning, and make the article more convincing.
5. A good ending is the inevitable result of the development of the full-text content and an important part of the article structure. Shi Tuo, a famous modern writer, once said, "When writing an article, no matter how long it is, we should first consider the ending.
With the ending, how to start and how to arrange in the middle will be solved. "A good ending should be like a leopard's tail, loud and powerful, alarming and inspiring.
For example, Lu Xun's "On the Collapse of Leifeng Tower" ends with only two words: "What a suck!" Just two words can be said to be concise, penetrating the back of the paper. In fact, the end of an article is sometimes more important than the beginning.
Because the marking staff begins to mark the paper after reading it, its quality also directly affects the marking psychology of the marking staff. Li Yu once said: "At the end of the article, we should capture the soul with flattering words and let it linger on the picture scroll. If it is hard to say goodbye."
If the ending has this effect, the whole article will add a lot of color. At the end of the argumentative paper, collect the full text and highlight the central argument; To reflect the compactness and integrity of the full-text structure, we should not retreat hastily or gild the lily; Language should be crisp and powerful, clear and loud, inspiring and inspiring.
6. Language image and fluency of language items are important criteria for composition scoring. The language of argumentative writing should be accurate, vivid and vivid.
When some students write argumentative essays, they often pose as telling the truth. In order to reason thoroughly, they move out the terms of philosophical principles and dialectics, but the effect is counterproductive. There are 1000 versions of a truth. Try to choose a vivid version.
In order to show vivid effect, vivid and even gorgeous language is essential in addition to using analogy, analogy and examples. Pay attention to using hypothetical sentences, rhetorical questions or whole sentences to make the article more irrefutable. Although the power of modifying language cannot be achieved overnight, as long as it is accumulated for a long time, it will naturally make progress and report.
6. Comment on how to write an article? Today, I read Wang Zengqi's prose and felt deeply.
One is to learn some theoretical knowledge. For example, how to use Chinese characters in an article, he mentioned the uniqueness and significance of Chinese characters in China. He said that Chinese characters in China are for reading, not for speaking. Many poems lose their former things when they are recited, so he opposes reciting poems and prose. He advocates careful interpretation word for word. Shen Congwen's Border Town is less than 70,000 words, but it has been written for half a year. Wang Zengqi's prose is not unique word by word. But together, it's really amazing and free and easy. He advocates that characters should not be described too much, but should be described and compared from many aspects such as environment, sound and color. How to organize articles? He said that he had outlined the whole article in his mind before writing this article. We must first have an overall idea. These were all thought out when he was sitting quietly with a cup of green tea.
Secondly, his prose style is concise and clear. Everyone will understand after reading it, and everyone can understand it. It is the teacher who inherits the characteristics of Shen Congwen. Although simple, it is a literary rhetoric, a literary language, not a dialect, and it is impossible to write such words without linguistic research and mastering skills. Wang Zengqi also talked about how Shen Congwen and Lao She practiced calligraphy. Wang Zengqi has a deep family background and a wide range of hobbies. In elementary school, grandpa taught him the Analects of Confucius and wrote a short essay "Yi", which was quite good. When I was in primary school, cultural things were insulated except herding sheep and digging bird's nest. I think the most valuable thing about Wang Zengqi's prose is "truth", and there is no suspicion of being melodramatic. It's true feelings, it's true words. In particular, that language is really rare, so we should let the younger generation try to figure it out. At first glance, it is comfortable and credible, unlike many articles written by people nowadays, which like to use gorgeous words, but the content is empty. Uncomfortable, very uncomfortable, unreal. Because of his wide hobbies, his prose is naturally free. Plant spirit, history and culture, people's stories, folk customs, artistic relics ... are all involved. But it is really about the characters, especially about teachers and friends, family background, father and mother. Intoxicating, showing his kindness, kindness and truth. For example, the memory of father in Father and Son Became Brothers for Many Years shows that father and son are so free, equal and harmonious. Memories of three mothers in My Mother. Although she is a stepmother, she is full of feelings and happiness.
The third is his feelings. He is friendly to everyone. For example, in the memories of many teachers and friends of The National SouthWest Associated University, we can feel his feelings for teachers and classmates. It's pure and natural. I think a person should be like him. Be friendly to anyone and be serious about everything. And the pursuit of natural simplicity in health care is also worth learning. I think some of his teachers, hospitality and cultivation mentioned in the article have a great influence on me. Those are true stories. People should keep a childlike innocence in life and don't put on airs. Reading is learning. It is very important to study articles and be a man.
7. How to write an appreciative article? Provide you with some writing methods, hoping to help you:
First, observe carefully.
Careful observation is the golden key to improve the writing level. The article is the product of objective things reflected in the author's mind. To reflect the object, you don't have to observe the objective things carefully. Only by careful observation can we find broken jade from the mineral deposits of life phenomena and grab the shining treasure from the mixed sediment. If you don't master "observation", the golden key to open the door, the "iron gate limit" of the composition will definitely be impossible.
Second, read more books
Extensive reading is the premise of improving the level of composition. To write a good article, you must read more books. "Reading is like a million volumes, and writing is like a god." "I am familiar with three Tang poems, I can't write poems and I can't sing." Mr. Lu Xun also advocates reading more books. "You must pick many flowers like bees, so that you can brew honey. If you bite in one place, your income will be limited and boring. " We emphasize that we should not only read more, but also read selectively, and even more, understand the structural skills and language characteristics of the articles we read, and master the composition from them, so as to be more profound and diverse.
Third, clever selection of materials.
Careful selection is an accelerator to improve the level of composition. The requirement of material selection is novelty. The so-called novelty means that the batch should choose something that ordinary people have never touched, or turn a blind eye to it with profound meaning. Once the author writes in a book, it will make people think deeply about exciting materials. The angle of material selection should be small, we should see the big picture from the small place and write the materials in everyone's eyes instead of what everyone wrote. To this end, we must compare, analyze and synthesize various materials in our minds, remove the rough and extract the fine, and transform and process them. Only in this way can the materials be novel. And this kind of positive thinking and repeated deliberation is very helpful to improve the level of composition.
Fourth, practice writing often.
Regular writing practice is the key to improve writing level. Want to enter the door of composition, make continuous progress, and more importantly, practice more. As the saying goes, "it is better to write one than to read ten articles." This tells the truth that writing practice produces true knowledge. After learning an article, we understand the structural methods and writing characteristics of the article, so we must learn to use these knowledge and methods to practice and make it our writing ability. In fact, we can all practice writing after learning the first text. However, fragment practice is a good way to practice writing, which takes a short time and achieves the purpose of practicing writing. Keeping a diary is also an effective way to practice writing. Keep a diary every day, and then the Russian foundation will be solid.
Fifth, review frequently
Repeated revision is a catalyst to improve the level of composition. Revision is an essential step in composition and an effective measure to improve the quality of composition. The predecessors said well, "the article is never tired of changing." "The article has changed." Cao Xueqin wrote a dream of red mansions, read it for ten years, added and deleted it five times, and Tolstoy's War and Peace was revised seven times. Mr. Lu Xun advocated that "it is not a pity to read it at least twice after deciding and try to delete unnecessary words, sentences and paragraphs." It can be seen that article revision generally refers to the process from the first draft to the final draft. When repairing, we should do five things: whether the text is fluent, whether the theme is clear, whether the structure is compact and whether the language is beautiful. In short, "the article has changed." Generally speaking, the article is always getting better and better, so we should work hard on "revision".