The price of mung beans has risen rapidly recently. In order to deeply understand the mung bean market price, supply and marketing changes and reasons, and analyze the price trend in the later period, on May 18 and 19, we went to some mung bean wholesale markets and meat markets in Guangzhou to carry out investigations, and found out the situation preliminarily through on-the-spot inspection, inquiry and in-depth communication with mung bean wholesalers and retailers. I. Changes in the price of mung beans According to the survey, although the price of mung beans rose last year, it was generally moderate. The retail price of first-class mung beans in Guangzhou market is basically maintained in the range of 2.5-4.5 yuan per catty. In April this year, the wholesale and retail prices of mung beans began to rise rapidly. By May 18, the wholesale and retail prices of mung beans increased by 1-2 times compared with the same period of last year. The price of Guangzhou Jiangnan grain and oil wholesale market we investigated: On May 8, the wholesale price per kilogram of mung beans produced in Northeast China was 9.6 yuan, 8.6 yuan and 7.6 yuan respectively, while the wholesale price per kilogram was 4.5 yuan, 3.5 yuan and 2.5 yuan respectively in the same period last year, which increased by 1 13%, 146% and 204% respectively. Changes in the retail price of mung beans in Dongchuan meat market: the average price of mung beans per catty in Shandong in 2009 was 4 yuan, April14.5 yuan, 5 yuan, April 27th, 6.5 yuan, May 10 yuan, May 8th 12 yuan, and May this year 12 yuan. Second, the sales and supply of mung beans According to previous years, mung beans began to enter the peak season of consumption in late spring and early summer, and the sales volume generally increased substantially. This year, however, a completely different situation has emerged. At present, the sales of mung beans have plummeted, which can be said to have plummeted. From Da Lang Freight Yard in Baiyun District and Jiangnan Grain and Oil Wholesale Market, we can see that there are many mung beans in stock, but few people come to get the goods. The mung bean wholesaler in Da Lang Dapeng Company's freight yard told us that the mung bean wholesale from her company reached 1 100 tons last year, but only about 300 tons have been wholesale since this year's 65438+ 10, and the sales volume has dropped by more than 50% year-on-year. Most of the mung beans in the grain and oil wholesale market in the south of the Yangtze River are obtained from wholesalers in Da Lang freight yard. Mr. Zeng, the wholesaler of the emerging bean sales department in the market, said with emotion that the price is too high now, and the sales volume of mung beans has dropped by 60% compared with the same period of last year, making business difficult. Why is the price of mung beans rising instead of falling when the stock is sufficient and the supply is sufficient? I learned from the above wholesalers that the main reason is that the price of mung beans is not determined by the sales area in Guangzhou. At present, the purchase price and supply price of major producing areas such as Northeast China are still rising. At present, the purchase price is already 8 yuan/kg, and the price for the first-class wholesaler in Guangzhou has risen to 9.8 yuan/kg, so the wholesale price of mung beans in Guangzhou sales area naturally cannot be reduced. Due to the large stock, high price and poor sales of mung beans in Guangzhou, some wholesalers have been afraid to purchase more, waiting for the price dynamics in the producing areas and waiting for the consumption to improve. The owner of Da Lang Freight Yard told us that she no longer buys goods from the Northeast, and instead cooperated with the dealers in the Northeast to sell mung beans to the dealers in the Northeast, and only charged mung bean commission. At present, her company only has a small amount of northeast mung beans imported in the early stage, and the goods imported by herself are mainly from Vietnam and Myanmar. The purchase price and wholesale price are much cheaper than those of northeast mung beans. At present, the average wholesale price of mung beans produced in Vietnam and Myanmar is about 7.2 yuan per catty, which is about 2 yuan lower than that in Northeast China. Third, the reasons for the rise of mung beans According to the survey, the market price of mung beans has risen rapidly recently, mainly due to two reasons: First, the staged contradiction between supply and demand caused by the decline in mung bean production and stable demand; Second, farmers are reluctant to sell mung beans in producing areas, while buyers snap up mung beans, which aggravates the imbalance between supply and demand and makes the purchase price of mung beans rise continuously. Specifically, there are the following three factors: First, the reduction of mung bean production affects supply. Last year, there was a persistent drought in the north, including Northeast China and Inner Mongolia. This year, there has also been a serious drought in southwest China. Northeast mung bean production decreased by 60%, and Inner Mongolia production decreased by 80%. In addition, mung beans planted in May this year will not be available until September, which has affected the phased supply of mung beans in the domestic market. Second, the demand for mung beans is increasing. In the era of paying attention to health care, the demand for whole grains such as mung beans is rising steadily. Not only is the domestic demand increasing, but some countries, such as Japanese, import a lot of mung beans from China every year. The production of mung beans has been seriously reduced, and the demand has been increasing, which has formed a contradiction between supply and demand. If the supply exceeds the demand, the price will naturally rise. Third, farmers are reluctant to sell, and buyers are snapping up, further aggravating the contradiction between supply and demand. Farmers and buyers are optimistic about the market outlook because of the poor harvest of mung beans last year. Farmers expect to make up for the loss of production reduction by raising the price of mung beans, so they are reluctant to sell them and will not sell them until they reach the expected price. On the other hand, buyers from producing areas want to buy more mung beans. Because of the competition in purchasing, in order to compete for the supply of goods, the purchasing price is constantly raised. With the increase of purchase price in producing areas, the price of mung beans in selling areas will inevitably rise. Four. Judging the price trend of mung beans in the later period According to the comprehensive analysis of the investigation, it is preliminarily judged that the price of mung beans is high before and low after this year. Although the price of mung beans may still rise further in the next month or two, there is limited room for growth, and the price of mung beans will gradually fall back in August and September. There are three reasons: First, the price of short-term mung beans has risen too much. Mung beans have risen once or twice in the last two months, and the price has basically reflected the decline in production and tight supply. Second, excessive prices will lead to a decline in demand. This can be seen from the sharp drop in sales of mung beans at present. As a non-staple food, mung beans can be eaten or not, and the demand for high prices naturally decreases. In addition, at present, there are many stocks in Guangzhou market, and the excessive price is difficult to last. As the saying goes, "quantity comes first", and the sharp decline in sales volume is the leading signal of price decline. Third, the approach of listing new beans may become a price inflection point. In September this year, new beans in the north went on the market and the supply increased. The closer the new beans are to the market, the more eager the farmers and buyers in the producing areas are to sell their stocks, and the excessive price will inevitably collapse. 5. As for the distribution of benefits from the price increase of mung beans, from production, circulation to consumption, the whole chain of mung beans is: farmers → buyers in producing areas → first-class wholesalers in selling areas → second-class wholesalers → retailers → consumers. According to the investigation and analysis, as far as this year's mung bean market is concerned, we think that although farmers benefit from so many links, it is difficult to make money. Buyers from producing areas make the most money, followed by first-and second-class wholesalers in sales areas, and retailers make the least money. Farmers: Farmers, as producers of mung beans, have the right to decide the price when the output of mung beans falls this year and the supply exceeds the demand. The increase in purchase price is related to farmers' reluctance to sell. Farmers have obviously benefited from the gradual increase in purchase price, because the purchase price in the northeast production area has reached 8 yuan/Jin at present, but the decrease in output will offset or partially offset the gains brought by the price increase, so it is still difficult to make money. If the price is sold early, they will not enjoy the benefits brought by the rapid price increase in the later period. Origin buyer: basically control the origin of mung beans by purchasing from farmers on the spot, and have the right to decide the sales price of mung beans in circulation. As the difference between the purchase price and the wholesale price is large (average difference is 2-3 yuan/kg), the profit margin is the largest. First-class and second-class wholesalers in sales areas: First-class wholesalers, such as wholesalers in Da Lang freight yard, purchase goods directly from buyers in production areas, and then wholesale them to second-class wholesalers (such as Jiangnan Grain and Oil Wholesale Market) and then wholesale them to retailers. The wholesale link generally follows the principle that the highest price wins and the lowest price wins. The owner of Da Lang Freight Yard told us that wholesale 1 ton mung beans can earn 300 yuan steadily for one year, and wholesalers mainly earn money by quantity. This year is special. The increase in the price of mung beans is beyond the expectations of many people in the industry. Everyone knows that the price of mung beans will rise this year, but I didn't expect it to rise so high and so fast. The goods bought at a lower price in the early stage have already made money, but now the price is high, it is not easy to sell, and I dare not purchase them easily. Retailer: Retail prices are also high and low, and the sales volume of retailers is far less than that of wholesalers. Although there is a difference of 2-3 yuan per catty between the purchase price and retail price of mung beans, the income is very limited due to the decline in sales.