1February 28th incident, incorporated into the battle line against Shanghai in the form of mixed fleet. At that time, the three-type carrier-based fighters on the ship not only bombed Shanghai, but also launched the first air combat of carrier-based fighters in history. 1On February 5th, 932, six type-III carrier-based fighters and four type-XIII carrier-based bombers had an air battle with four O2U reconnaissance planes of the Republic of China Air Force, but neither side was shot down. On February 22nd, Kaga's fighter plane, piloted by Captain Naimu Morita, shot down a Boeing 2 18 piloted by an American pilot. On February 26th, two thirteen-ship bombers from Kaga were shot down when they attacked the airport. Both their opponents and Kaga's shipborne troops were the first to fly to imperial japanese navy. 1935 After the major modification, the number of aircraft carriers was supplemented because of the service of dragon boats, and the Kaga was incorporated into the Second Air Force. Later, due to the service of Canglong and Longfei, it was incorporated into the first air force with insufficient combat effectiveness due to the modernization project of Chicheng. The carrier aircraft was compiled as1690 carrier-based fighter and1690 carrier-based bomber.
1937 When War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in China, the "Kaga" went to Shanghai again to support the Japanese army and attacked Chinese mainland even more crazily. Kaga's carrier aircraft are available in Shanghai, Nanjing, Nanchang and Chengdu. 1937 August 15, about 30 "Kaga" carrier aircraft attempted to attack China air force school-jianqiao airport. Intercepted by China's 2 1 plane. As a result, Japanese planes suffered heavy losses on the first day of the battle: eight 89 ships attacked, two 94 ships were bombed and shot down, and other minor injuries were not counted. This is Kaga's biggest failure in China. To this end, the Japanese navy quickly dispatched a new type of aircraft to participate in the war on August 22 to save the serious exchange ratio. After the Shanghai front gradually stabilized, on September 5th, the carrier troops of 15 "Kaga", including six 96-type warships, six 90-type warships, 18-type 94-type warships and 18-type 8 9-type warships, attacked and moved to Shanghai University of Technology Airport. 1in late September, 937, the Japanese navy sent more than 70 ships, more than 300 planes and 65,438+10,000 fighter planes to try to open up the defense line in Jiangyin. The worst fighting took place on September 22nd and 23rd. 1937. The Japanese navy bombed the Japanese navy and its land positions in turn. The flagship Pinghai was bombed by more than 80 planes, and its sister ship Ninghai was bombed by at least 70 planes.
1September 22, 937, the weather was gloomy and windless, and the most cruel part of jiangyin campaign began.
In the morning 10: 20, the observation deck issued an air raid alarm, and all naval gun positions immediately entered the first-level combat readiness. Five minutes later, the emergency alarm sounded. In a short time, 18 enemy planes appeared in the field of vision, flying from the downstream to Ninghai Heping Hai -92 ship on the port side, belonging to the original land-based 2nd United Air Force 12 ship on the Japanese Kaga, and 6 ships fought against 95 ships.
The naval guns on the side of the two ships immediately adjusted their shooting positions and aimed their guns at enemy planes that had drilled through Jiangyin Canyon and flew almost horizontally at ultra-low altitude. This time, the Japanese army adopted the group bombing tactics, and 18 aircraft formed a dense formation to pounce on the "Pinghai" ship and the "Ninghai" ship. Navy ships and Jiangyin fortress immediately shelled the air violently. The Japanese fleet was suddenly divided into two teams in the battle. 1 team attacked the fleet from both sides from southeast to northwest, and the second team from north to south in an inverted "V" shape.
1 team's Japanese planes braved heavy artillery fire and rushed through the fleet, resolutely maintaining the formation and prohibiting individual bombing. Anti-aircraft guns of Pinghai, Ninghai, Yingrui, Yixian and fortress fired fiercely, but failed to shoot down enemy planes. 1 team gradually approached and lowered its altitude, and finally reached the attack position above the fleet. The first batch of more than 60kg bombs 10 fell between the "Pinghai" ship and the "Ninghai" ship, causing a burst of red light, followed by a sudden explosion, which aroused a huge water column and flooded all the "Pinghai" ships. Although these nearly lost shells landed on the port side of Pinghai, they did not hurt the hull, but the fragments did great harm to the people on the deck and the equipment with only weak armor protection. The bow anchor chain cabin was damaged, and the position of the second anti-aircraft gun was destroyed by debris. Gunner First Class Zhou Zhaofa and gunner Staff Sergeant Chen Degui were killed in the line of duty. Gao is a trainee conductor who graduated from a senior national defense school. He saw that all the gunners in the gun position were injured. He risked his life to shoot himself and died heroically.
The rice tank in front began to enter the water, and the stern was also hit by many pieces. Gao Xianshen, the battalion commander who was giving orders, was seriously injured in the waist, but he ordered someone to find a bandage to wrap him around and stick to the command position.
The stern of Ninghai was also hit by shrapnel. The first attack was fleeting, and China artillery failed to hit the enemy plane. The second team saw the success of the first attack, drilled through the clouds from the upstream, and dropped bombs horizontally again with the goal of "Pinghai". More than 20 bombs were fired before and after Yingrui and between Pinghai and Ninghai. The stern of the "Pinghai" ship was hit by nearly missing debris again. 1 Meng Hanlin, the trainee commander of artillery position, died and the gunner was injured. Private Zheng, the helmsman of the motorboat, saw that the machine gun was empty, so he rushed to it with all his strength. When he grabbed the handle of the gun, his chest was pierced and he died heroically.
The sailor sergeant Yan Zuguan, who rushed to grab the gun, was also killed by debris. Sergeant Zhang Yucheng, who was repairing the machine gun, was seriously injured. As the second bombing target, two soldiers of the Ninghai ship were also injured.
The bombing also injured the British-Swiss ship, causing the left torpedo tube of the ship to be punctured, the front mast and the iron plate of the ship's side to be punctured for more than a dozen holes, and three soldiers were injured. China's anti-aircraft artillery fire is still not captured. 1 1: 30, the alarm sounded again, and six 96 ships of Kaga, the 2nd Air Force stationed in Shanghai, flew over the fortress in an instant, and first attacked Ninghai. At this time, the China navy was short of anti-aircraft guns, but it still bravely opened fire to meet them. In the barrage, enemy planes were forced to drop bombs in advance, and dozens of 250-pound bombs all landed near the two ships "Ninghai" and "Pinghai", and none of them hit. However, the power of these large films added 10 holes to the ship's side and deck, and four sailors were seriously injured. The "Pinghai" was slightly injured by more than a dozen people.
At 4: 30 p.m., six Type 92 warships and three Type 95 warships of the enemy's Second United Air Force 12 Air Force attacked again, and the targets were still "Ping" and "Ning". The navy intercepted the fire net with long-range artillery fire, which disrupted the enemy formation and made it impossible for enemy planes to approach dive bombing. In desperation, the enemy flew into the clouds and hastily dropped bombs on ships such as Hairong, Haichou and Yingrui, but none of them hit. After that, enemy planes threw all the remaining bombs into Jiangyin County for revenge, killing and injuring dozens of innocent civilians in China.
1September 22, 937, from 8: 00 am to 5: 00 pm, the officers and men of China assembled at Jiangyin Sea and Shore Fort fought for 9 hours continuously. The warship Ninghai consumed more than 400 rounds of anti-aircraft artillery shells and more than 8,000 machine guns. The warship Pinghai consumed 265 anti-aircraft guns and more than 4,000 machine guns. The air raid by enemy planes did not cause much damage. Only the Pinghai ship was killed and 23 people were injured. That night, Commander Chen held a meeting of all the captains of the ships, and ordered the "Pinghai" not to lower the commander's flag at the masthead because it avoided the Japanese plane's key bombing, and all ships were not allowed to sail against the current.
On September 23rd 1937, the decisive battle broke out.
At 5 o'clock in the morning, the downstream monitoring post suddenly reported that 10 more Japanese warships were coming in the direction of Jiangyin! The flagship hoisted the battle flag for preparation, and the horn for preparation echoed on Jiangyin River. The officers and men of "Pinghai", "Ninghai" and "Yixian" rushed to the deck, quietly waiting for the last battle-the fleet confrontation in the naval gun emplacement. However, the new war is doomed not to give the old China navy this opportunity.
China navy officers and soldiers were extremely disappointed when the Japanese ship turned back near Changshan. At 7 o'clock in the morning, the "Pinghai" ship ordered the ships to collect their guns. 10: 30, the Observatory reported that two enemy reconnaissance planes circled over the starboard side of Ninghai, but the distance was far away. Anticipating that there will be a fierce battle today, the headquarters ordered the ships to have lunch in advance and ordered the sailors to take the time to recuperate and prepare for a decisive battle. 65438+ At 0: 55 pm, the alarm sounded, and at 2: 05 pm, the emergency alarm sounded again. A few minutes later, the enemy 13 Air Force 12 No.94 ship exploded from the west of the right rear of the fleet, still far away, and seemed to be waiting for fighters in the air (in fact, the starboard fleet only contained the fleet, so it only hovered in the distance for standby), and at the same time, the port side. There are 20 enemy planes in the left rear (94 ships exploded and 96 ships attacked 8, 96 ships fought 4)! In the stern direction, there are 9 92 ships attacked by enemy 12 air force and 3 95 ships fighting "Pinghai" and "Ninghai"! * * * There are 58 enemy planes coming to attack the weak naval fleet, which shows that the Japanese army is determined to pass this battle once and for all.
The antiaircraft gunners of China warships immediately fired to meet the enemy, but it was difficult to resist the repeated bombing by enemy planes. Japanese planes braved heavy artillery fire and dived and dropped bombs on two main ships in China, but none of them hit. Instead, an enemy plane was directly hit by a shell and fell into the river. After the first wave of attacks, enemy planes dispersed into 10 teams, swooped into "Ninghai" from all directions, and a large number of bombs fell around the warships. Chen Hongtai, the captain of the "Ninghai" ship, kept up with the crisis and made the anti-aircraft gun fight with the enemy plane in the air. The anti-aircraft gun was changed to flat fire to deal with the plane diving and flying low. However, two fists are harder than four hands. Although two enemy planes fell in the middle of the river under the artillery fire of two capital ships in China, and the Japanese plane with poor technology failed to hit any direct attack, the China warship was bombed many times by fragments of enemy planes, and a large number of dense near bombs made Ninghai's weak hull black and blue.
At 3: 30 pm, the "Ninghai" ship flooded a lot and its hull tilted to the right. If this place is bombed again, the warship will sink in an instant. As the bow anchor has been damaged, captain Chen Hongtai ordered: "Cut the anchor chain and move upstream!" Corporal Jiang Kenghui, an engineer, rushed to the bow with a fire axe in the flying shrapnel and quickly cut off the anchor chain pin. Then the main engine started, and the Ninghai staggered upstream in the smoke.
Because of too much water, the hull of Ninghai leans to starboard and bow, so it can only sail reluctantly. Due to the damage of the engine and command system, the operation is also extremely inconvenient. Seeing that Ninghai was hit hard, enemy planes organized 10 planes to bomb it. At that time, the gunners at various gun positions on the ship suffered heavy casualties, and the anti-aircraft gun magazines began to be submerged. However, captain Chen ordered all handyman soldiers to replenish their guns as much as possible, and none of the officers and men who participated in the war left their posts. Gunner Staff Sergeant Chen Yongxiang was wounded in the face by debris, and changed the barrel while wiping blood, as if nothing had happened. Gunner Liu Chongduan is patrolling the gun position. Once a gunner is injured and needs to be evacuated, he will personally take charge of the artillery until a new gunner is added to maintain the density of the battleship's fire net.
Sailing staff sergeant Chen Bingxiang steered with a pilot, and quickly snaked upstream. However, the Japanese plane that was determined to win dropped the bomb and immediately returned to the airport to hang the bomb, maintaining a high-intensity attack. Red-eye officers and men of the "Ninghai" ship shot down three enemy planes successively. However, 20 minutes after anchoring, a bomb fell directly from the right rear of the foremast, and the mast suddenly collapsed, destroying the water tank and a chimney. At the same time, the lower observation deck and chart room were destroyed by half, the first tripod mast was destroyed, the port anti-aircraft gun and axle skin were blown up, the starboard torpedo gun was damaged, and all four suspended sampans were destroyed. The engine room was seriously flooded and the steering gear began to fail.
Captain Yao Fahua, the chief engineer, ran to the bridge and reported to Captain Chen, who had been sticking to the command post: "The boiler room and the front and rear engine rooms were all flooded. Chen Geng, the deputy chief gunner, was shot in the chest by the enemy while commanding the shelling of enemy planes, and was killed on the spot. " Chen Hongtai was about to give an order when a bomb exploded at the left door of the command room. The shrapnel went through the muscle of his left leg and nailed into the wallboard of the command room. Suddenly, Chen Hongtai's left leg was bleeding profusely. Several officers in the command room were frightened to disgrace and hurried up to help. Chen Hongtai's face turned pale with a brush, but he pushed it away, put his hands on the podium and loudly issued a rudder order.
At this time, more than half of the sailors on board were killed and wounded, and Chen Hui and Chen Jiaxun, the commanders in the front and rear sections of anti-aircraft guns, were also seriously injured. The gun sergeant was cut off by a piece of shrapnel, and half of his body was dyed red with blood, still insisting on the gun position; Gunner Staff Sergeant Lin Shuchun and gunner Liu Chongduan dragged bloody bodies and aimed at shooting. But soon, the shells were used up. Captain Chen Hongtai has left a big pool of blood at his feet. Although he was treated urgently by the health worker, he was unable to support himself and fainted in the command room because the big blood vessel was blown off. Under the repeated persuasion of Lieutenant Colonel and others, Li Gan, the vice captain, agreed to receive treatment.
At 4: 30, the "Ninghai" sailed into the shallow water port of Baxi for hull preservation and ran aground on the north shore. The three enemy planes still did not disperse, and they took turns shooting and dropping bombs in the air. Private Ye Minnan fished out an anti-aircraft gun from the tank bottom of the ammunition that was about to be submerged, quickly ran onto the deck and loaded it into the anti-aircraft gun at the stern. When the enemy plane dived again, a sudden shot hit the tail of the enemy plane. Three enemy planes escorted the injured plane back to the east. The "Ninghai" ship, regarded as a treasure by the navy, leaned and ran aground quietly on the river beach. The ship was riddled with bullets, killing and injuring soldiers.
A thrilling battle ended, and this 2526-ton light cruiser also ended its naval career. In this bloody battle, five enemy planes were shot down, more than 700 shells were fired, and more than 5000 anti-aircraft guns were fired/KLOC-0. Enemy planes dropped about 300 bombs on it, causing 62 casualties, including martyrs 19 and 43 serious injuries.
"Ninghai" was salvaged by the Japanese army after the Jiangyin fortress war 1938, and was renamed "500 Island" after restoration. 1944193719 On September 9, Bazhang Island, south of Yuqianqi at the southern tip of Honshu, was sunk by the American submarine "Squid".
Just as the "Ninghai" was desperately fighting against enemy planes, other warships were also fighting bloody battles to fight back. In particular, the "Pinghai" campaign was the most intense. Because the "Pinghai" hung its flagship flag, a large number of enemy planes bombed it in turn, eager to sink it in one fell swoop, leaving the Chinese fleet leaderless. "Pinghai" anti-aircraft guns constantly throw out intensive battles.
Suddenly, a Japanese plane crashed directly into the left side of the "Pinghai" ship and crashed into the Yangtze River. Seeing the opening record of the "Pinghai" ship, the Japanese plane immediately organized a small team to dive to the starboard side of "Pinghai". The "Pinghai" naval gunner, who had many combat experiences, skillfully organized the air fire net and broke up the first few leading planes that took the lead in formation dive. Then the Japanese plane suddenly lost its sense of direction in a panic and fled in formation dive. However, a group of enemy 94 ships broke through the interception of the artillery on board and dived into the third anti-aircraft gun position. Liu Fu, the trainee commander of the Third Artillery Corps, directed the gunner to adjust his angle, and shot at the enemy plane led by him desperately, and finally wounded it.
The enemy plane rocked and climbed, dropped four 60-pound bombs, skimmed the back mast of the warship and exploded on the river 20 meters away from the port, damaging the No.3 anti-aircraft machine gun. The subsequent No.2 aircraft didn't have the courage to complete the dive, jumped high without rushing to the attack position, and dropped bombs on the river dozens of meters away from the "Pinghai" ship. When the third enemy plane entered the channel, the position of the Third Artillery Corps was repaired, the fighting capacity was restored and the shooting continued because Liu Fu braved the enemy's bullets. When the bomber rushed to the place about 200 meters away from "Pinghai", it was captured by the strong machine gun fire of the third artillery position, and the fuselage was tilted and planted in the river. Due to the resistance of the river, the plane turned a somersault on the river, but the propeller continued to rotate, rolling up a magnificent water column and dragging the plane into the bottom of the river.
The fourth enemy plane flew along the route of the third plane. After the No.3 plane was shot down, the shooter in the No.3 gun position stopped shooting excitedly, and the No.4 enemy plane took the opportunity to shorten the distance and dropped four near bombs. The hull of the "Pinghai" ship was shaken off the river in a huge earthquake wave, and then landed heavily on the river. Enemy plane No.4 swooped down on our ship again.
Liu Fu found that after the anti-aircraft machine gun bracket was blown up by No.4 machine, he continued to use his arm to encircle the gun body and shoot at the sky with dozens of pounds of red, so that his left arm was completely burnt.
At 2: 40, after the "Pinghai" issued a retreat signal, it piloted the upstream channel. The Japanese army immediately pursued the "Pinghai" ship with more than 30 96 land attacks in two formations and took turns shooting and dropping bombs. Due to the bad weather conditions that day, the Japanese dropped bombs on the "Pinghai" and the subsequent "Yixian" ships in a formation of nine planes. At this time, the newly added 100 air-blown grenades on the "Pinghai" ship were almost used up, so all the anti-aircraft guns even used armor-piercing bullets and even flares.
The Japanese plane dropped two batches of 250-pound bombs back and forth above the two ships, which landed accurately around the "Pinghai" ship, causing heavy damage to the ship again. After the "Pinghai" ship anchored, it launched various air-to-air shells that can be used. This barrage shot down at least one Japanese plane. However, the starboard hull of the warship "Pinghai" was hit hard in the bombing on the afternoon of the 23rd, and the 3-inch anti-aircraft gun magazine at the bow of the warship first began to enter the water. After the end of the horizontal bombing, the cabins below the waterline were flooded one after another, with an inclination of more than 20 degrees.
Commander Chen had to transfer his flagship to the warship Yixian. The "Pinghai" ship whose shells have been exhausted is approaching the river, trying to stop the leak. At midnight on 23rd, Minister Chen Shaokuan, who came to bid, ordered the "Pinghai" ship to evacuate non-essential personnel.
On the morning of 25th, the 2nd Air Force of Japan Sea-based on Kaga, under the cover of 4 ships against 96 ships, attacked Pinghai with 94 ships exploding and 8 ships attacking respectively.
The anti-aircraft gun ammunition of the warship Pinghai was exhausted, and the warship sank out of control. As a result, Vice Minister Ye Keyu ordered the warship to be stranded in the Shierwei Shoal in Jiangbei, and began to dismantle artillery and important parts, and transported them to Nanjing to participate in the defense of the capital.
This naval capital ship made in China continued to tilt 45 degrees to the left, ran aground and slowly slid into the Yangtze River. 1 1 people were killed and more than 20 people were injured in the battle. Later, it was recalled that the bodies of the officers and men killed on the "Pinghai" were all under the artillery position, and the wounded were all injured in the battle. The officers and men of the whole ship did not leave their combat posts in the battle on the 23rd.
After a month's exploration, Kaga returned to sasebo on September 26th. There are 26 Type 97 attack aircraft on board (5 have not been returned).
Horizontal Bombing Team 14 (Commander: Major Qiaokou, flight captain),
Torpedo Team 12 (Commander: Captain Ichiro Kitajima),
9 Zero Fighters (2 have not returned) (Commander: Captain Shiga Shuxiong, division leader) and 26 bombers (6 have not returned) (Commander: Captain Saburo Konoha, division leader).
Nine Zero Fighters (two of which have not returned) (commander: Captain Tang Yi, head of the Second Division) missed many battles to the Battle of Midway, so the carrier-based aircraft establishment of "Kaga" is the most complete state of Japanese naval forces in the Battle of Midway.
In the naval battle of Midway in June 1942, after attacking the Midway base, Kaga was raided by the US Navy SBD intrepid dive bomber while reloading its carrier aircraft. Five bombs were hit, one of which directly hit the bridge, and most of the ship's officers below Colonel Okada died on the spot, resulting in the lack of effective command at the scene of the damaged pipeline, which eventually led to a full-scale fire. At 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the emergency repair was abandoned and the order to leave the ship was issued. At 4: 26 pm, the fire spread to the gasoline tank and caused a big explosion. The hull broke in two and soon sank into the sea.
It can be seen that the trailing edge of the red Japanese flag in the front of the aircraft carrier was hit, which was completed by the US Navy SBD fearless dive bomber when diving and dropping bombs. At that time, the pilot rushed down at an angle of over 90 degrees. In order to improve the hit rate, the plane was pulled up at an altitude of 200 meters and almost crashed into the sea. The bomb went through the deck (visible from the side) and was seriously damaged.