It is an indisputable fact that tea trees originated in China. 1824, R. Bruce, a British major in India, discovered wild tea trees in Sadia, Assam Province, India, so some people abroad used this as evidence to object that China was the origin of tea trees. Since then, there has been a debate in international academic circles. Foreign scholars have four representative views. Namely, China theory, Indian theory, nameless highland theory and two-source theory.
History tells us that when Indians don't know how to grow and drink tea, let alone think that there are tea trees in India, tea trees have been discovered and used in China for thousands of years. It was not until 1780 that British and Dutch people began to import tea seeds from China and grow tea in India. In recent decades, Chinese tea scientists have conducted more in-depth analysis and demonstration based on geological changes and climate changes, combined with the natural distribution and evolution of tea trees, which further proves that southwest China is the origin of tea trees.
① From the natural distribution of tea trees, Camellia japonica of Theaceae originated from the Late Cretaceous to Neogene and distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Laoya ancient continent. The southwest of China lies on the southern edge of Laoya ancient continent. Before the geological Himalayan movement, the climate here was hot and the rainfall was abundant, which was a hotbed of local tropical plants. There are more than 380 species belonging to 23 genera in the world, but there are more than 260 species belonging to 15 genera in China, and most of them are distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. There are about 100 species of camellia, among which there are more than 60 species in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, among which tea tree occupies an important position. Due to the high concentration of Theaceae and Camellia plants in southwest China, it shows that southwest China is not only the origin center of Camellia plants, but also the birthplace of tea.
(2) According to geological changes, there are Sichuan-Yunnan Valley and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in southwest China. In the past 6.5438+million years, due to the continuous downward cutting of valleys and the continuous uplift of plateaus, the absolute height difference has reached 5,000-6,500m, so that there are both undulating mountains and criss-crossing valleys in southwest China, and the topography has changed greatly, forming many small landform areas and microclimate areas. In this way, the tea trees originally growing here are gradually divided into tropical, subtropical and temperate climates. As a result, the original tea varieties gradually extended and differentiated to two poles, and finally there was intraspecific variation of tea trees, which developed into tropical and subtropical big-leaf and middle-leaf tea trees, as well as temperate middle-leaf and small-leaf tea trees. At the same time, since the Quaternary, Yunnan, southern Sichuan and Guizhou have been preserved the most because of light ice age disasters. Moreover, there are right-planted, middle-planted and lobular tea trees, as well as arbor, small tree and shrub tea trees. Botanists believe that the place where a plant has the most variation is its origin center. The three southwestern provinces of China are the places with the most variation and abundant resources of tea trees, and of course they are also the centers of the origin of tea trees.
③ According to the evolutionary types of tea trees, all areas where primitive tea trees are concentrated should be the origin of tea trees. The investigation, observation and analysis of tea scientists and authors show that the three provinces in southwest China and their adjacent areas have the morphological and biochemical characteristics of primitive tea trees. This also proves that the southwest of China is the center.
The origin of tea culture
1, the formation of Bashu tea culture
It is often called the cradle of tea industry and tea culture in China. According to the historical data of tea before the Six Dynasties, the tea industry in China originated from Bashu. The formation of tea culture is closely related to the early politics, customs and tea drinking in this area.
(1) The production of tribute tea has a long history in the pre-Qin period, and tea was used as a tribute in the name of local specialty in the pre-Qin period. Ba Zhi, a long canal in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, says: "The King of Wu, being a loyal servant, paid tribute to his son … Dan, lacquer, tea and honey". In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen's Textual Research on Foreign Countries in Counties recorded: "The Han Dynasty was prosperous, with the name of Shu County, full of cute sounds." Dialect ",Shu people call tea" delicious ",which is covered by Chashi County. It shows that the early Shu people used tea as their tribal and regional names. It also proves that tea areas of a certain scale have been formed before the war. Dialect also says: "Zhou Wuwang conquered Zhou, and the teacher he got was based on Shangshu". Dialect and Shangshu show that many tribes in and around the late Yin and Shang Dynasties participated in the anti-Zhou alliance led by Zhou Wuwang. After the destruction of Yin, they wantonly "sealed the country". Therefore, it is logical for the region to maintain a certain tributary relationship with the Zhou Dynasty after it became a vassal state of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
⑵ The prominent position of tea industry in the history of early tea industry in China during the Han and Wei Dynasties was not recorded until Wang Bo, who proclaimed himself emperor in the Western Han Dynasty. There are contents in the book, such as "Fish and turtles prepare tea", "Five sheep buy tea, and Yang bears it". The previous sentence reflects that in Chengdu, not only tea drinking became a fashion in the Western Han Dynasty, but also special tea drinking utensils appeared in the homes of landlords and rich households. The latter sentence reflects that tea has been commercialized due to the consumption and trade needs of tea, and a certain tea market has appeared near Chengdu. Zhang Yi in the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms reads: "Tea is picked between Jing and Ba to make cakes, made of rice paste, and ... it is made of onion and ginger." It reflects the special tea-making and drinking methods in this area.
⑶ After the Western Jin Dynasty was declared as Guan, the tea industry developed further, and the planting and drinking range of tea was further expanded. In the poem "Tower of Chengdu" written by Zhang Zai in the Western Jin Dynasty, there is a famous sentence "The fragrance of tea is six clear, and the taste overflows nine areas", which shows that the status of tea at that time has ranked first among all drinks, and the reputation of tea is getting bigger and bigger, and the wind of drinking tea has spread all over the country. Sun Chu of the Western Jin Dynasty wrote in Song Chu: "Cornus officinalis produces fragrant trees, carp produces Luoshuiquan, white salt produces Hedong, and American black beans produce Luyuan. Ginger, cinnamon and tea come out of the mountain, and pepper, orange and magnolia come out of the mountain. " More clearly determine the hometown of tea in this area. If the two poems "Chu Ge" and "Climbing the Tower" are linked, it can be clearly seen that this place has been an important tea production and technology center in China from the pre-Qin, Qin and Han Dynasties to the Western Jin Dynasty.
First, the origin of tea
China has a long history of drinking tea, and the exact time cannot be verified, but there is a general statement about the time. You can also find evidence.
Indeed, the habit of drinking tea in many parts of the world was handed down from China. Therefore, many people think that drinking tea was initiated by China people and is also a drinking habit in other parts of the world.
The habit of growing tea was passed down directly or indirectly from China.
However, some people can find evidence that the habit of drinking tea was invented not only in China, but also in other parts of the world, such as India and Africa.
Continent, etc. 1823, a major of the British invading army discovered wild tea trees in India, so some people began to believe that tea originated in India, at least in India. middle
Of course, there are records of wild tea trees in China, all of which are concentrated in the southwest, and the records also include some areas in Gansu and Hunan. Tea tree is a very old dicotyledonous plant, which is different from human beings.
Children's lives are closely related.
In China, there are also arguments about the earliest origin of tea trees, and there are several opinions. Now many people believe that in Yunnan, a scholar asserted after careful research and textual research that Yunnan
Xishuangbanna is the origin of tea trees. The earliest written records of artificially cultivated tea trees began with Mengshan tea in the Western Han Dynasty. This is recorded in Sichuan Tongzhi.
Actually, for those of us who drink tea, it doesn't matter where we are now. Maybe it has cultural significance. Let's take a look at some academic statements first:
The origin time of tea drinking:
1. Shennong Period: Tang Lu Yu's Tea Classic: "Tea is used for drinking and originated in Shennong." In the history of China's cultural development, everything is often related to agriculture and plants.
The origin of the matter finally comes down to Shennong. After coming back here, you can't push it up any more. Because of this, Shennong became the god of agriculture.
2. Western Zhou Dynasty: Jinchangqu's "Huayang Guozhi Bazhi": "Zhou Wuwang really got the teacher of Bashu, and ... tea honey ... paid tribute." This record shows that in the Zhou Dynasty
During the logging week, Pakistan has paid tribute to tea and other precious products. The Records of Huayang Country also recorded that there were artificially cultivated tea gardens at that time.
3. Qin and Han Dynasties: Western Han Dynasty. Wang Bao's Tongyue: "Make all tea available" and "Wuyang buys tea", that is, the tea after the exam. In recent years, in the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty in Mawangdui, Changsha, it has been found that
"? A "and"? " Textual research on bamboo slips woodcut "?" That is, the variant of "rhyme" shows that tea drinking in Hunan was quite extensive at that time.
We still drink the same drinks as our very old ancestors, such as Jiang Taigong and others, which is really exciting. Can give us a lot of reverie.
Textual research on the origin of tea drinking;
The exploration of this point often focuses on the study of the birthplace of tea trees. There are several sayings about the birthplace of tea trees:
1. Southwest said: "Southwest China is the origin and birthplace of tea trees." This statement refers to a large range, so it is more accurate.
2. Sichuan said: Yanwu's "Rizhilu" in the Qing Dynasty: "After Qin people took Shu, they only had tea." The implication is that before Qin people came to Shu, drinking tea was known in Sichuan today. in fact
Sichuan is in the southwest, and Sichuan says it is established, so the southwest says it is established. Sichuan is more accurate than the southwest, but the right one is more risky.
3. Yunnan said: Xishuangbanna in Yunnan is the birthplace of tea trees, and this area is the kingdom of plants. It is entirely possible to have local tea varieties, but this
There is a "human" risk here, because tea trees can be local, and Chaze is the result of activated labor.
4. East Sichuan and West Hubei said: Luyu Tea Classic: "There are two people embracing each other in Bashan Gorge." Bashan Gorge and Sichuan are now East Sichuan and West Hubei. There are such excellent tea trees in this area. Is anyone here?
I used it as tea, but I didn't see any evidence.
5. Jiangsu and Zhejiang said: Recently, it was suggested that it started from the ancient Yue culture represented by Hemudu culture. Jiangsu and Zhejiang are the most developed areas of tea industry in China. If history can
Taking root here is a very meaningful topic. In fact, I think there must be more than one place where tea trees originated naturally in ancient times. Where there are tea trees, they may not be delivered.
Show the custom of drinking tea. As mentioned earlier, tea was invented by Shennong, so where does it live? If you find the intersection of "tea tree origin" and "Shennong activity place", there may be
The answer, at least narrowed the "scope" of the answer.
Invent the way of drinking tea:
How did humans invent the habit of drinking tea? Or how did tea originate? The study of this problem has always been a "basic problem" of tea science. Because like any tea science,
It is not enough for a scholar or a tea worker to even explain how tea comes from. Now there are many answers to this question:
1. Sacrifice said: This statement holds that tea and other plants were originally used as sacrifices, but later it was found that food was harmless, so "food was used as sacrifices instead of medicine."
Use ",and eventually become a drink.
2. Pharmacology: This view holds that tea "originally entered human society as a medicine." "Shennong Hundred Herbs Classic" wrote: "Shennong tasted a hundred herbs every day and got 72 poisons, so he got tea.
Solve it. "
3. The theory of food: "People in ancient times drank water like grass", "Food is the most important thing for people". Eating first conforms to the evolutionary law of human society.
4. Synchronous said: "At first, tea was used as a chewing food or as a baking food, and later it was gradually eaten as a medicinal material." These methods
Comparison and accumulation will eventually develop into "drinking tea", which is the best way.
The most useless of the above statements is the fourth, which adds up the first three and becomes your own "foolproof" explanation. Maybe this explanation is
The most suitable.
Now, we can think that tea has been recognized and used for a long time in China, as well as the cultivation and harvest of tea trees. But it can also verify that tea is at all levels of society.
Generally, it was only after Lu Yu's Tea Classic was handed down in the Tang Dynasty that it was widely popularized. Therefore, a poem in the Song Dynasty said, "Since Lu Yu was born, the world has learned from each other about spring tea." . In other words, tea wool
After the Ming dynasty, it was unknown to the public for more than 1000 years.
The origin of tea tree:
China is the first country to discover and utilize tea trees, which is called the motherland of tea. Written records show that our ancestors began to cultivate and utilize tea trees more than 3000 years ago.
However, just like the origin of any species, the origin and existence of tea must have been discovered before people discovered and used tea trees, and it was a long time later.
Use. The experience of human beings in using tea has been passed down from generation to generation, gradually expanding from local areas, and it took a long time to be gradually recorded in writing.
The origin of tea trees has always been controversial. With the development of textual research technology and new discoveries, the understanding that China is the origin of tea trees has been gradually reached, and the southwest of China has been confirmed.
The area, including Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, is the center of the origin of tea trees. Due to geological changes and artificial cultivation, tea trees began to spread all over the country and gradually spread to all parts of the world.
(1) Origin and country of origin
When did the tea tree originate? It must have been written more than 3000 years ago. The problem that historians could not prove was finally solved by botanists. They are classified according to plants.
Through a series of analysis and research, it is considered that the origin of tea tree has a history of 60 million to 70 million years.
Tea originated in China and has been recognized by the world since ancient times. Wild tea trees were discovered in India only after 1824. Some foreign scholars think that China is the origin of tea trees.
The difference of origin has caused controversy in international academic circles. These dissidents are all based on Indian wild tea trees and think that there are no wild tea trees in China. Actually, China is in public.
Around 200 yuan, Erya mentioned the existence of wild tea trees. According to the current data, there are 108 wild tea trees in 198 provinces and regions in China, including 1 plant in Yunnan.
The age of trees has reached about 1700 years, and there are more than 10 trees with trunk diameter over one meter in Yunnan Province. In some areas, even wild tea tree communities are as high as thousands of acres. So since ancient times,
The wild tea trees discovered in China are the earliest in the world, with large trees, large numbers, wide distribution and different characters. In addition, after textual research, it was found in the wild in India.
Raw tea trees and tea trees imported from China are both varieties of tea trees in China. It is concluded that China is the origin of tea trees.
In recent decades, the combination of tea science and botanical research has made a more detailed and in-depth analysis of the origin of tea trees from different angles such as tree species, geological changes and climate change.
It is further proved that the southwest of China is the origin of tea trees. In short, the main argument has three aspects:
1. From the natural distribution of tea trees,
At present, there are more than 380 species of Theaceae plants in 23 genera, while there are more than 260 species of 15 genera in China, most of which are distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. find
There are more than 0/00 species of Camellia, and there are more than 60 species in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, among which tea varieties occupy the most important position. From the botanical point of view, the origin centers of many genera are concentrated in a certain area.
It shows that this area is the origin center of this flora. The high concentration of Theaceae and Camellia in southwest China indicates that southwest China belongs to Camellia.
The origin center is the birthplace of tea.
2. From the perspective of geological changes
There are many small landform areas and microclimate areas in the southwest of China, which are different in low latitude and altitude.
At that time, the climate was so different that the tea trees originally grown here slowly separated in different climates of tropical, subtropical and temperate zones, which led to the intraspecific variation and development of tea trees.
It has become a tropical and subtropical tea tree with big leaves and middle leaves, and also a temperate tea tree with middle leaves and small leaves. Botanists believe that the most variation of a species is
The center of species origin. The three southwestern provinces of China are the places with the most variation and abundant resources of tea trees in China, and are the centers of tea tree origin.
3. According to the evolutionary types of tea plants.
In the long history of its systematic development, tea trees always tend to evolve. Therefore, all areas where primitive tea trees are concentrated should be the origin of tea trees. Western China
The wild tea trees in the three southern provinces and their adjacent areas have the morphological and biochemical characteristics of primitive tea trees, which also proves that southwest China is the center of tea tree origin.
Second, the spread of tea.
China is the origin of tea trees. China's contribution to human beings in the tea industry mainly lies in the earliest discovery and utilization of this plant, and its development to China and the East.
Even the whole world.
The tea industry in China first flourished in Bashu, spread to the southeast and spread all over the country. It spread to Japan and Korea in the Tang Dynasty and to the West after16th century.
Enter. Therefore, the spread history of tea can be divided into domestic and foreign routes.
1. The spread of tea in China
Tea tree is a kind of "good wood" in the south of China, so the tea industry in China was first bred, produced and developed in the south.
(1) Bashu is the cradle of China tea industry.
Gu once pointed out that "tea drinking began after Qin people took Shu", that is, tea drinking in China was slowly spread after Qin unified Bashu, that is, China.
The world tea culture was first developed in Bashu. This statement has now been recognized by most scholars.
According to written records and textual research, the production of Bashu tea can be traced back at least to the Warring States period, when Bashu tea area had formed a certain scale and tea was regarded as one of the tributes.
The prominent position of Bashu tea industry in the early history of tea industry in China was not recorded until Wang Bao's Tong Yue when he proclaimed himself emperor in the Western Han Dynasty, including "Boiling all the tea" and "Wuyang buying tea".
Two sentences. The former reflects the surrounding areas of Chengdu. During the Western Han Dynasty, not only tea drinking became the norm, but also special utensils appeared. As can be seen from the last sentence, tea has been commercialized, and the category of "Wuyang" has appeared.
Tea market.
During the Western Han Dynasty, Chengdu not only became the consumption center of tea in China, but also probably formed the earliest tea distribution center according to later literature records. This is not just
Before the Qin Dynasty, Qin and Han Dynasties and even the Western Jin Dynasty, Bashu was still an important tea production and technology center in China.
(2) The middle reaches of the Yangtze River or Central China became the center of tea industry (Three Kingdoms and Western Jin Dynasty)
After the Qin and Han Dynasties unified China, with the economic and cultural exchanges in Bashu and other places, the tea industry was strengthened. In particular, the processing and planting of tea first spread to the southeast region. Such as the naming of Chaling in Hunan,
This is very telling. Chaling is a county established in the Western Han Dynasty, which is famous for producing tea. Chaling is close to the border between Jiangxi and Guangdong, which shows that tea production in the Western Han Dynasty has spread to Hunan.
Guangdong and Jiangxi are adjacent areas.
During the Three Kingdoms and Western Jin Dynasty, with the development of Jingchu tea industry and the spread of tea culture in the whole country, and because of favorable geographical conditions, tea was written in China in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River or central China.
The status of cultural exchange has gradually replaced Bashu and become obviously important.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Wu occupied parts of Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and Guangxi, as well as the southeast half of all the land in Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang. This area was also our country at that time.
Main fields of tea industry communication and development. At this time, the scale and scope of planting tea trees in the south have been greatly developed, but drinking tea has also spread to the noble families in the north.
The development of tea industry in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the Western Jin Dynasty can also be proved by the Book of Jingzhou in the Western Jin Dynasty. "It is better to have tea in seven counties of Wuling", which shows that the tea industry in Han Jing is bright.
Remarkable development, it seems that Bashu's advantage of winning the national championship no longer exists.
(3) the development of tea industry in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southeast coast (Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties)
After the Western Jin Dynasty, the northern giants crossed the river and settled abroad, and Jiankang (Nanjing) became the political center of southern China. During this period, due to the prevalence of tea worship in the upper class, South
In particular, tea drinking and tea culture in Jiangdong have made great progress, further promoting the development of tea industry in China to the southeast. During this period, tea was planted in the southeast of China, from the west of Zhejiang to.
Now Wenzhou and Ningbo coastal areas. Not only that, as recorded in Scout, "Xiyang, Wuchang and Jinling all produce good tea". Jinling is Changzhou and its tea is Yixing. Mark the eastern Jin dynasty and the south
During the dynasty, the tea industry in Yixing in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River became famous.
After the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty, the trend of the tea industry's center of gravity moving eastward became more obvious.
(4) The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River became the center of tea production and technology in China (Tang Dynasty).
As mentioned earlier, before the Six Dynasties, tea production and drinking in the south had developed to some extent, but there were not many tea drinkers in the north. According to "Chef's Notes", after the middle Tang Dynasty,
Today, in Kansai and Shandong, we all eat it in Yancun. If we don't eat it for a few days, we can't live without tea for a day. The central plains and northwest minority areas are addicted to tea, so tea is produced in the south.
Unprecedented vigorous development. Especially in Jiangnan and Huainan tea areas with convenient transportation in the north, the production of tea is particularly developed.
After the middle Tang Dynasty, the tea production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River increased greatly, and the tea-making technology reached the highest level at that time. The result of this high water level is a lake.
Zizun bamboo shoots in Guizhou and Yangxian tea in Changzhou became tribute tea. The center of tea production and technology has been officially transferred to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Tea production in Jiangnan is in full swing. At that time, according to historical records, tea was planted everywhere in Qimen, Anhui Province and within a thousand miles of Fiona Fang, and there was no soil in the mountains. Now in the northeast of Jiangxi, Zhejiang
By the Tang Dynasty, the tea industry in Xihe and southern Anhui had really developed greatly. At the same time, because tribute tea is set in Jiangnan, it greatly promotes the improvement of tea-making technology in Jiangnan and also drives the whole
Production and development of tea areas in China.
According to the Tang Dynasty "Tea Classic" and other documents, the tea producing areas in this period were all over Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Guangdong, Fujian,
Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan and other provinces 14 have almost reached the same situation as China's modern tea-producing areas.
(5) The focus of tea industry shifted from east to south (Song Dynasty)
From the Five Dynasties to the early Song Dynasty, the national climate changed from warm to cold, which made the tea industry in the south of China develop more rapidly than that in the north, and gradually replaced the tea in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Area, became the focus of tea industry in Song Dynasty. It is mainly manifested in the change of tribute tea from ancient bamboo and purple bamboo shoots to Fujian Jian 'an tea, and the tea industry in Minnan and Lingnan areas, where the climate has not yet formed in the Tang Dynasty, is obviously active.
And developed.
The main reason why the center of gravity of tea industry moved south in Song Dynasty was climate change. Due to the temperature drop in early spring in the south of the Yangtze River, the germination of tea trees was delayed, and it was impossible to ensure that the tea was delivered to Kyoto before Qingming. Fujian climate
It's warmer, just like Ouyang Xiu said, "Jian 'an is three thousand miles away, and the capital tastes new tea in March." As tribute tea and Jian 'an tea, it is bound to strive for perfection, and its reputation is getting bigger and bigger, becoming China tea group.
The main technical center of cake tea production has promoted the rise and development of tea areas in southern Fujian and Lingnan. Therefore, by the Song Dynasty, tea had spread all over the country. Tea areas in the Song Dynasty,
It is basically consistent with the scope of modern tea areas. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was only the evolution of tea-making methods and the rise and fall of various teas.
2. The spread of tea abroad
Due to the development of tea production in China and people's drinking fashion, it has also had a great impact on foreign countries. On the one hand, the imperial court set up municipal shipping companies in some coastal ports to manage the sea.
World trade, including tea trade, allows foreign businessmen to buy tea and transport it back to their own land. In Tang Shunzong Yongzhen Garden, the most sincere Japanese Zen master returned from studying Buddhism in China and brought back tea seeds.
Planting in Jinjiang (Shiga County). In August15, when Emperor Emei of Japan visited Fan Shi Temple in Shiga County, the monks offered delicious tea. The emperor was very happy after drinking, so he strongly advocated drinking tea.
Tea is grown on a large scale in Japan. In the Song Dynasty, Japanese Zen master Rong came to China to study Buddhist scriptures. After he returned to China, he not only brought back tea seeds for sowing, but also made them according to the tea drinking method in China temples.
I ordered my own tea ceremony. The book Eating Tea for Health, written in his later years, is called the first tea book in Japan. In the book, tea is called "holy medicine" and "elixir of life", which is of great help to Japan.
The development of social tea drinking fashion has played an important role.
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the number of foreign trade ports in China increased to 89. At this time, ceramics and tea have become the main export commodities of China. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, the government adopted a positive attitude.
In foreign policy, Zheng He made seven voyages to the West. He traveled all over Southeast Asia and Arabian Peninsula, reaching the east coast of Africa, strengthening economic ties and trade with these areas, and obtaining tea exports.
Substantial growth.
During this period, merchants from western European countries came to the East one after another, and brought China tea from these areas, which promoted the drinking of tea by the upper class in their country.
In the thirty-fifth year of Ming Shenzong Wanli (1607), Dutch ships came to Macau from Java to sell tea and transshipped it to Europe, which was the earliest record that China tea was directly sold to Europe. In the future, tea
Become the most fashionable drink in the Netherlands. Due to the propaganda and influence of the Dutch, the wind of drinking tea quickly spread to Britain, France and other countries.
163 1 year, an English captain named Victor made a special trip to lead his fleet eastward, and for the first time, he brought a large amount of tea directly from China.
After the Qing Dynasty, the wind of drinking tea gradually spread to some European countries. When tea first spread to Europe, it was expensive, and both the Dutch and the British regarded it as a "tribute" and a luxury.
Later, with the increasing investment in tea, the price gradually declined and became a folk daily drink. Since then, the British have become the biggest tea drinkers in the world.
India is the country with the largest output and export of black broken tea, and its tea varieties originated from China.
Although there are wild tea trees in India, Indians don't know how to grow them or how to drink tea. Only in 1780, the British and Dutch began to import tea seeds from China and grow tea in India. Today, most
Assam, a famous black tea producing area. That is, in 1835, tea seeds were introduced from China to grow tea. Experts from China went to guide the methods of growing and making tea, including the production of small-scale black tea.
Technology. After the invention of tea cutter, black broken tea began to appear and became a global bulk beverage.
By19th century, China's tea was almost all over the world. In 1886, the tea export volume reached 2.68 million tons. The word "tea" in western languages mostly originated from maritime trade at that time.
Pronunciation of "tea" in Xiamen, Fujian and Guangdong dialects. It can be said that China gave the world the name of tea, tea knowledge, tea planting and processing technology, tea from all over the world, directly.
Or indirectly, it is inextricably linked with tea in China. In a word, China is the hometown of tea, and our hardworking and intelligent people have created this delicious drink for the people of the world. It
This is something that our future generations should be proud of.