Bo Qinhuai (Tang) Du Mu

Keywords smoke cage, cold water, moon cage sand,

Stop near Qinhuai restaurant at night.

Women in business don't understand the hatred of national subjugation,

Singing backyard flowers on the other side of the river.

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Selected works of Fan Chuan. Du Mu (803-852) was born in Mu Zhi in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). Qinhuai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, named after the river, originated in the northeast of Lishui, Jiangsu, and flowed into the Yangtze River through Nanjing.

A singer who serves guests in a teahouse or bar.

Short for yushu backyard flower, backyard flower. What Chen Houzhu did in the Southern Dynasties is often called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations.

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Misty smoke hangs over the Han River, and silver moonlight hangs over the white sand of the boat.

In the evening, I parked on the bank of Qinhuai River, near the restaurant.

Singers don't know what the hatred of national subjugation is.

Singing "Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu" on the other side.

works appreciation

Qinhuai, the Qinhuai River, originated in the northeast of Lishui, Jiangsu, and crossed Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) to join the Yangtze River. From the Six Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the Qinhuai River in Jinling has always been a place for rich and powerful people to have fun. The first poem was written by the poet when he spent the night in Qinhuai. In the sigh of the land of the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, there are feelings of worrying about the country and the people. This poem is also skillful in the use of language. The words "smoke", "water", "moon" and "sand" in the first sentence are connected by the word "cage" to form a hazy and cold water night scene. At the end of this article, I began to think about the past with the rich connotation of "near the restaurant". Qinhuai area was a famous amusement place in the Six Dynasties, and there were many restaurants, so the endless prosperity of song and dance banquets in the past was actually included in the poet's thoughts at this time. The last two sentences are caused by a poem "Flowers in the backyard", which expresses the poet's indignation at the "businesswoman" and indirectly satirizes the powerful people who don't pay attention to state affairs and are obsessed with money, that is, the rulers who lead a drunken life. The word "still singing" skillfully combines history with reality, which not only hurts time, but also is euphemistic and profound. Shen Deqian, a critic in Qing Dynasty, praised this poem as a "swan song", and the word "Jude" expressed the author's critical meaning and anxiety. Guan Shiming even called it a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Qinhuai River is a bustling place of singing and dancing in Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. The poet moored the boat in the middle of the night, and from the other side came the song of yushu backyard flower, a merchant girl. Listening to the voice of national subjugation, I can't help but arouse the feeling of the rise and fall of the times. The last two sentences deeply condemn the rulers who only know how to attract songs and dances, buy laughter and pursue happiness, but do not take historical scenery as a mirror. This poem is a blend of scenery and scenes, and the hazy scenery contrasts with the faint sadness in the poet's heart. This poem is nostalgic. Jinling was once the capital of the Six Dynasties, and it was prosperous for a while. Today, seeing the decline of the Tang dynasty, those in power are fatuous and dissolute, and it is inevitable to repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties, and feel infinite sorrow. The first sentence describes the scenery, first trying to render the elegant night by the water; Two narratives, pointing out the location of parking at night; Three or four feelings, from the "near the restaurant" leads to the songs of merchant girls, restaurants have many songs, which are naturally free and easy; The decadent songs lead to "I don't know how to die and hate my country", attacking the rich and powerful people for indulging in debauchery, which has profound implications; The tune of "backyard flower" is quoted from "national subjugation and hatred", which uses Chen Houzhu's poems to lash out at the debauchery of powerful people, which is profound and sharp. These two sentences express sober feudal intellectuals' worries about state affairs, and also reflect that bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decadent and empty souls with singing and dancing, leading a drunken life, which is a portrayal of two different aspects in the real life of the decline of the late Tang Dynasty. "Strong women in business don't know how to hate the country, and they also sing" backyard flowers "across the river." "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" is said to have been written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties, and is called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations. "Across the River" inherits a story of "national subjugation and hatred for the rich", which means that the Sui soldier Chen Shijiang was in Jiangbei, and the small court in the Southern Dynasties was in danger across the river, while Chen Houzhu was still addicted to singing, and finally he was captured and died. Literally, these two poems seem to criticize the singer, but in fact, the poet feels the decline of state affairs and the decline of the world in the late Tang Dynasty, criticizing those rulers who are addicted to singing and dancing and "don't know" that the country will die. The word "still singing" is meaningful, which skillfully links history, reality and imagined future, and shows the poet's concern and anxiety about the fate of the country. This poem was written by what the poet saw, heard and felt. The language is fresh and natural, and the conception is exquisite and meticulous. The whole collection of poems consists of scenery, events, feelings and meanings in one furnace, and the scenery is set for the feelings, and the feelings follow the scenery. Chen Houzhu's famine and national subjugation allegorized the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty, implicitly expressing the poet's deep thinking about history and deep concern for reality. With deep feelings and profound implications, it is known as a masterpiece in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. This poem shows the poet's bitter satire on the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty and his deep concern for the fate of the country. Such rich connotations and profound themes are contained in just 28 words, each of which is concise. The language of poetry requires conciseness. Only simplicity can be implicit, and only implicit can be seen. So subtlety and exquisiteness complement each other. This poem vividly and typically shows the breath of the late Tang Dynasty in the artistic conception of scene blending, reminds people of the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen Houzhu's debauchery and national subjugation, and euphemistically and implicitly expresses the poet's profound thinking on history and reality, with profound content, deep feelings, endless implications and thought-provoking.

Creation background

Du Mu, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, traveled around Qinhuai. On the boat, he heard the singer singing "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu", which was beautiful and swaying. Men and women sing in pairs, and their songs are sad, which is the voice of national subjugation. At that time, Chen Houzhu indulged in this lazy life for a long time, took national politics as a child's play, and finally lost his land. Although the Chen Dynasty died, this decadent music was handed down and sung among Qinhuai singers, which made Du Mu very emotional. His poem said: These ignorant singers don't even understand the hatred of national subjugation, and they still sing this voice of national subjugation! Actually, this is an excuse. What he mocked was actually the politics of the late Tang Dynasty: ministers once again indulged in debauchery and soon followed in Chen Houzhu's footsteps. The corner of Qinhuai has such a profound sense of rise and fall, which shows that Jinling still has great influence when the national political center has moved to Chang 'an. [1] Du Mu was very concerned about politics in his early days, and he was worried about the riddled Tang Dynasty. He saw the decadent ruling group, the self-consolidation of the military strategists in the buffer region, and frequent border troubles, and deeply felt that social crises were everywhere and the prospects of the Tang Dynasty were worrying. This thought of worrying about the times and hurting the world prompted him to write many poems with practical significance. Bo Qinhuai was also produced on the basis of this idea.