In the cold or dry-hot environment, the stems and leaves of the above-ground perennial flowers die, and the underground roots or stems enter a dormant state. The maintenance management at this stage is mainly to clean up the dead branches and leaves on the ground, protect the buds on the surface or roots, drench them with antifreeze water after the roots are completely dormant, and cultivate the soil at the root neck to protect important flowers from being trampled and crushed.

2. Vegetative growth period

The vegetative growth period of perennial flowers is after the weather gets warmer or after flowering. At this stage, we should ensure sufficient fertilizer and water supply, loosen the soil, enhance air permeability, cut off too dense branches and leaves, and increase light transmittance. Vegetative growth includes two directions, above ground and underground, which often alternate. Both on the ground and underground. Fertilization is mainly based on soil fertilization, but foliar fertilizer can also be used to promote foliar absorption.

3. Flower bud differentiation stage

The late vegetative growth period intersects with the flower bud differentiation period, and the flower bud differentiation period should be determined according to the flowering habits of different flowers. To ensure the supply of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at this stage, the premise is that the nutrition grows sufficiently, so as to improve the quality of flower bud differentiation. It is necessary to prevent excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation, moderate drought, increase light, and promote nutrient accumulation and delivery to reproductive organs.

4. Flowering period

The flowering period of perennial flowers is relatively fixed, reflecting the natural rhythm, and the flowers of origin have strong adaptability to the natural environment. Newly introduced flowers should be provided with corresponding conservation measures according to the characteristics of producing areas. The general principle is not to carry out large fertilization and loose pruning measures at flowering stage, and to combine weeding with moderate pruning of residual flowers and leaves to maintain water balance and prolong flowering stage.

5. Planting period

Spring and autumn are the planting periods of perennial flowers. In spring, the roots of newly planted flowers should keep enough water, remove excessive branches in time, prevent most species from flowering, promote root development, loosen soil and weed regularly, increase light and promote nutritional growth. Newly planted varieties in autumn should keep their roots loose and breathable, adapt to fertilizer and water, raise ground temperature and promote nutrient accumulation.