In the history of Taoism in China, the female surname became a monk and became famous in history. Weihua Village in Wei and Jin Dynasties was the first one. Wei has been practicing fast and practicing monasticism for many years. He once offered sacrifices to Taoism (the twenty-four commandments of Taoism, the first of which is called offering wine) and founded the Puritanism School. She widely collects the secrets of Taoist holy books, such as Huang Ting Jing, which is an important classic of early Taoism. Taoist circles regarded him as "Purple Virtual Goddess" and posthumous title as "Lady Nanyue", while later generations regarded him as "the founder of Shangqing School", and scholars in previous dynasties praised him with poems. On March 13th, the 9th year of Emperor Xianhe of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 334), he died in Zixu Pavilion, Jixian Peak, Hengshan, Hunan, at the age of 83. Life can be divided into three stages: First, Mrs. Wei, a native of Rencheng, Shandong Province, was born in 252 AD and was the daughter of Stuart in the Western Jin Dynasty. Growing up in an unusual bureaucratic family. His father, named Yang Yuan, became an orphan when he was a teenager and was put in foster care at his grandmother's home named Ning. In his forties, the county magistrate sent people to Xiao Qi to inspect, and Shu Wei was elected to the imperial court. After passing the measures, he was promoted to Si Tuleideng. According to the biography of Mrs. Wei, Mrs. Wei received a good family education when she was young. She usually likes to watch Laozi and Zhuangzi, who spread three classics and let a hundred schools of thought contend. When I was young, I accepted Tianshi Tao, envied immortals, and practiced silently. And the elderly, the practice of faith is getting stronger and stronger. Usually, take Humasan and Fuling pills according to the Taoist health-preserving Dan method, and breathe gas and liquid to rest. She refused to see her relatives at home. She asked to leave her family and live in a quiet place, but her parents objected. Helpless, I had to find a remote living room at home, read Taoist books and have a rest. When Mrs. Wei was twenty-four years old, her parents forced her to marry Liu Wen, a native of Taibao Nanyang, and gave birth to two sons: the older one was Pu and the younger one was Xian. Xue Yan later made a Xiuwu county order. Mrs. Wei has always yearned for Taoism, and her faith has become more and more devout. When the two sons grew up, they separated from their husbands and fasted in other rooms. Finally, due to sincere progress and the joy of the Emperor of Heaven, the man of God was ordered to award the "Shangqing Classic", which was spread all over the world by Mrs. Wei and was the founder of the Taoist Shangqing School. It is said that after Mrs Wei and her husband Liu Wen separated for three months, all the real people in Wang Baohe, who were pure and empty, suddenly came to her study and said to her, "You have devoted yourself to Sanqing, and you have worked hard. We are instructed by Emperor Fusang to give you the way of truth. " "So, let yourself open the jade scroll and take out thirty-one volumes of Shang * * * Jing, saying," I used to study Taoism with great concentration. I met Mrs. Antarctic and Mr. Wang Jun of Xicheng, and gave me thirty-one volumes of treasure sutras, chanting sutras and practicing, thus becoming a real person, living in a small cave and living in the fairy king. What I was given today was the text of the past. " Later, Bao Wang, a real person, stood to the north and respectfully held a book, hoping to say, "On this auspicious day, he was ordered by the Emperor to praise the precious book that Yang Luoshan gave him in the past and passed it on to Wei, with a volume of 3 1. Huacun should abide by the dharma and cultivate truth into immortality. Whoever leaks my book is a ghost, a clan and a family. "I hope," he said, "this book is faxed, not only because I got it, but also because of the order of Taidi. After self-nature, when seven people get it, Zhihua Village is the fourth person. " So, personally present it to this lady. Later, Wang Bao picked up poems and acting formulas and passed them on to his wife one by one. Then, Lin Jing's real person gave his wife Huangting Neijing, which he remembered day and night. After reading it 10,000 times, you can observe ghosts and gods, reconcile three souls and five souls, and lead to long-term vision. After giving up, all the real people left invisibly, leaving the message that they would meet in Luoyang Mountain one day. 2. Wei Hua, who moved to Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province, worked in Luoyang for many years and gained excellent experience. Later, her husband Liu Wen died, and there was a famine in the Central Plains. Mrs. Wei, who is charitable and gives aid to the poor and hungry, has got the real sign that the Central Plains will be in chaos. During the reign of Emperor Yuankang in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 29 1 ~ 299), she planned to cross the river with her two sons. Mrs Wei left Luoyang for Jiangnan. Thieves ran amok and bandits robbed, but wherever Mrs. Wei went, she was safe and sound, and her career was successful. After arriving in the south, Mrs. Liu's two sons were very successful. Liu Pu, the eldest son, was promoted to the position of satrap, and Liu Wei, the second son, served as a corps commander. Since then, my wife has been able to live and practice quietly, chanting scriptures and practicing monks, and has made great progress. So he set up a quiet hall in Fuzhou, Jiangxi. Set an altar in the west of Linru Water. The second year was deserted for a long time, and the trace almost disappeared. There is a female Taoist, Huang. She is 80 years old, but she looks like a baby. Taoist, she specially decorated Mrs. Wei's quiet room and altar, and it worked every time. Mrs. Wei also guided her through dreams, and later she also ascended to heaven. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered Cai Wei, a Taoist priest, to include her in The Biography of the Later Immortals. Yan Zhenqing, Duke of Lu, was appointed as the secretariat of Fuzhou in the third year of Dali, rebuilt the Temple of Lady Wei, and wrote an inscription on the altar of Lady Wei of South Vietnam, in memory of it. Third, the practice of Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue has always been a holy place for practicing health. For Wei, who is studying the essence of Taoist classics and metaphysics, Mount Hengshan in Nanyue is undoubtedly an excellent place to seek immortality, and practicing in Lingshan Xiushui can better absorb the essence of heaven and earth. In the second year of Jianwu (AD 3 18), Mrs. Wei moved from Jiangxi to the foot of Jixian Peak in Hengshan Mountain, Nanyue, Hunan Province to continue practicing medicine. At this time, at the age of 66, she "took grass as a thatched cottage" at the foot of Jixian Peak, set up an altar ceremony, and devoted herself to practicing here 16 years. In the meantime, many intriguing stories happened in Nanyue. In the ninth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 334), Mrs. Wei wrote three volumes of Exterior Huang Ting, at the age of 83. According to records, in the third year of Jin Xingning (AD 365), Mrs. Wei came to the residence of Yang, the family member of Stuart's official residence of Langtong Wang, and told Yang to abide by the rules and regulations, explain the key points of magic, and gave Yang thirty-one volumes of Shangqing Jing, so that he could write it in official script, and then pass it on to He and his son in Danyang. The other volume was handed down from generation to generation. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the war broke out, and Yang and Er Xu died one after another. Xu, his son, took the Shangqing Classic to avoid the chaos in eastern Zhejiang, and the Shangqing School was widely circulated in eastern Zhejiang. After the Shangqing School, Tao Hongjing, a Taoist priest in the Southern Dynasties, lived in seclusion in Maoshan for more than forty years, built Taoist temples, collected disciples to write books and preach, and promoted Shangqing Taoism, making Maoshan a missionary center of the Shangqing School. Maoshan, Longhushan and Ge jujube hill are collectively called "Three Mountains and Zuo Fu" in Jiangnan Taoism, and they have continued to this day.